Post on 15-Aug-2015
V. Exceptional Development:Aphasia and
Dyslexia
Language Disorder refers to any systematic deviation in the way people speak, listen, read, write or sign that interferes with their ability to communicate with their peers (Crystal, 1987 as cited by Piper, 1998).
Language Disability affects the structure, content and even the use of language.
Deafness is a physical impairment that causes language disorder.
APHASIA
language impairment that is caused by specific brain damage
the loss of ability to use and understand language
Categories of Aphasia
- Receptive Aphasia - Expressive Aphasia and
- Global Aphasia
Receptive Aphasia
also referred to as sensory aphasia or “Wernicke’s aphasia”
Manifestations:- repeated patterns in speech- odd combination of words- problems in retrieving words from
memory
Expressive Aphasia
also called as motor aphasia or “Broca’s aphasia”
Manifestations:- slow and labored speech- no difficulty in comprehension
Paul Broca
Carl Wernicke
Global Aphasiacombination of receptive and expressive aphasiasometimes referred to as irreversible aphasia syndrome (Piper, 1998)
Manifestations:- limited comprehension- speech is minimal
DYSLEXIAdefective reading or severe reading disabilityrepresents loss of competency due to brain injury, degeneration, and developmental failure to keep pace with reading instruction
Brain area:Adult dyslexias result from
lesions in the visual association cortex or the corpus callosum.
Posterior Alexia
Adult who could write but not read An adult suffers from lesion that
involves the medial and inferior aspects of the left occipital lobe and the splenium of the corpus callosum
Optic Alexia seen in adults with occipital lesions where letters similar in configuration are mistaken from another
Ex. m and n or k and x
Verbal Alexia associated with occipital lesions where patients could easily recognize letters but could not grasp the whole words
Dysgnosia means inefficient recognition or loss of the ability to recognize objects
Agnostic Dyslexia patients can read but throw a slow, letter by letter analysis of a word
The End
Thank you for listening.