EpidemiologyEpidemiology

Types and Frequency of Injuries

Topics…

What is epidemiology? Why research sports injury? Injury surveillance systems Injury risk factors

Definition

Sports Medicine Epidemiology

Quantifying occurrence Who is affected Where and when Outcome? Purpose

Sports Medicine Epidemiology

Descriptive Analytical

Useful information

Equipment design Rules Conditioning programs Reduce risk factors Identify health care needs

Historical perspective

Hospital emergency rooms Health care agencies Retrospective data Longitudinal studies

Injury Surveillance Systems

Geographical regions/levels Reportable injuries? Population

Injury Surveillance Systems

NAIRS NCAA NATA NYSSF CIRCL National Football Head & Neck Injury Registry National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury

Research

Injury Surveillance

Number of participants Injured but continued Injured unable to continue (Injured not reported)

Reportable Injuries

Result of participation in organized practice or game

Requires medical attention Restriction of athlete’s

participation or performance

Exposure – Unit of Risk

One athlete participating in one practice or contest…..

Exposed to the possibility of athletic injury

A-E

Injury Rate

Ratio of injuries to exposures

Injuries per 1,000 athlete-exposures

See data: 2007 – 2008 Sports Medicine Handbook

NCAA Injury Data

Risk Factors

Intrinsic– Age/development– Gender specific– Psychological– Medical conditions

Risk Factors - Growth

Skeletal maturity– Growth plate injuries– Osgood-Schlatter Disease– Spondylolysis– Osteochondritis dissecans

Growth plate injuries

Osgood-Schlatter Disease

Spondylolysis

Osteochondritis dissecans

Risk Factors - Growth

Disqualifying conditions– Legg-Calve Perthes

Disease/SCFE– Osteoid osteoma

Legg-Calve-Perthes

Risk Factors - Gender

Amenorrhea Premature bone loss Eating disorders

Risk Factors - Psychological

Parental pressure Emotional stress Physical leads to psychological

Risk Factors – Medical Conditions

Scoliosis Leg length difference Epilepsy Diabetes Asthma/EIA

Risk Factors – Medical Conditions

Marfan syndrome Heart conditions Absence of paired organ Communicable diseases

Next time….

PPE’s