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Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Service Oriented Architecture
A State Government Perspective
GSA Collaborative Expedition Workshop
Service Oriented ArchitectureJanuary 23, 2007
Presented by:
Eric Sweden
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
About NASCIO NASCIO represents state chief
information officers and information resource executives from the fifty states, six territories, and D.C.
NASCIO's mission is to foster government excellence through quality business practices, information management, and technology policy.
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
"State and local government information technology leaders are in the transformation business.
Your on-demand constituency is clamoring for improved and available products and services.
It's your job to allocate limited IT resources to achieve the outcomes identified in your plan.
You must engage and rely on carefully selected vendor partners to supply the exact set of skills and tools to help you reach your destination.
The challenge is great, but the opportunities and options are greater. You are not alone.
- Dan Ross, Chief Information Officer, State of Missouri
Why is SOA relevant to State Gov’t?
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
What is Service Oriented Architecture?
See www.nascio.org http://www.manning.com/pulier/ webinars
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Shared Services and Consolidation
Contrasting the Strategies
http://www.nascio.org/nascioCommittees/enterpriseInfrastructure/members/
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
. . . Services Orientation as well as SOA is an architectural style whose goal is to achieve loose coupling among interacting services. A service is a unit of work done by a service provider to achieve desired end results for a service consumer. Both provider and consumer are roles played by organizational units as well as software agents on behalf of their owners.
The Institute for Enterprise Architecture Developments http://www.enterprise-architecture.info/EA_Services-Oriented-Enterprise.htm
What is Service Oriented Architecture?
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
. . . service-oriented architecture (SOA) is an approach to EA (enterprise architecture) where each major element is exposed as a “service.” The result is a distributed computing environment with a high level of interoperability between systems. . . . SOA enables the enterprise architect to “defy the laws of gravity” and combine and recombine software elements without the necessity of spending substantial amounts of time or money, assuming it has been implemented intelligently. (Eric Pulier and Hugh Taylor)
What is Service Oriented Architecture?
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
External mandates which impose standards & regulatory compliance
Improve operational efficiency – manage
costs
Acquisitions and mergers
Seamless access to infrastructure – any
time / any place
Silos of data – need for a consolidated view of
information & applications
Infrastructure is complex & heterogeneous
More demanding expectations for
personalized service - right now
Protect the security & privacy of critical
information assets
Need to streamline linkages with
partners & suppliers
Do more with less
Legacy system integration
Motivation for SOA Programs
Source IBM: http://www.nascio.org/nascioCommittees/EA/webinars06/webinar06Archive.cfm
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Reducing cost to deliver solutions
Reducing time to deliver solutions
Reducing cost to maintain solutions
Reduced time to market
Increased utility from existing investments
Increased number of features available to the business
Motivation for SOA Programs
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Government imperatives
Drive down cost
Integrate across departments and agencies
Reduce cycle times and costs for external constituents
Provide a flexible business model
e.g. US Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA)
Reduce risk and exposure
Enhance revenue and collection
“Public sector executives face a unique set of challenges, including a management agenda that can change with each election, con-stant budget scrutiny and a heavy reliance on external providers.”
–Gene LeganzaVice President, Government
Forrester Research
Management priorities
Source IBM: http://www.nascio.org/nascioCommittees/EA/webinars06/webinar06Archive.cfm
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Silos of Frozen Enterprise Assets…
Division ADivision B Division C
ERP
DB
CRM
Source – BEA Systems: http://www.nascio.org/nascioCommittees/EA/webinars06/webinar06Archive.cfm
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Transform into Liquid Enterprise Assets
Division ADivision B Division C
ERP
DB
CRM
Source – BEA Systems: http://www.nascio.org/nascioCommittees/EA/webinars06/webinar06Archive.cfm
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Holistic Enterprise ArchitectureEnterprise Architecture is a
management engineering disciplinethat presents a holistic, comprehensive view of
the enterpriseincluding strategic planning, organization,
relationships, business process, information, and operations.
The organization must be viewed as a fluid – changing over time as necessary based on
the environment and management’s response to that environment.
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Observethe
ContextualEnvironment
Fiscal Circumstances Macroeconomics Customer Expectations Customer Behavior Regulations New Technology CompetitionMandate
Observethe
Needor
Opportunity(Market)
SWOT Analysis Risks Analysis Assumptions Policies Stakeholders Supply / Demand EconomicsAccess
EnableStrategicBusiness
Intent
Business Relationships Processes Information Organizations Value Chains Management Initiatives DFSS Balanced Scorecard Geospatial CapabilitiesRecords Management
Capabilities
DetermineStrategicBusiness
Intent
Mission Vision Goals Objectives StrategiesPerformance
Decisions
Enterprise Planning Value Chain
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
A general abstraction term, representing virtually any asset
helping to accomplish strategic intent that is specifically needed to
support or enable progress toward an
objective. Can be new or modification to: process, building,
network, system, etc.
A
a1 a2 a3
A
a1 a2 a3
Capability
Now, Service Oriented Architectureprovides a new set of capabilities for
enabling the Agile Enterprise
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
SOA is an Enabling Capability
Are streets safer? Are this nation’s citizens healthier? Is healthcare available to those that need it? Is education available and effective in preparing our
citizens for the opportunities and demands of a new economy?
Is there the necessary economic development in this country to present employment, career, and personal development opportunities to our citizens?
Are we able to respond quickly and effectively to national emergencies such as natural disasters, pandemics, terrorist threats and attacks?
However, we must“…begin with the end in mind…”
Stephen Covey
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
SOA Foundational Concepts - OASIS
Source: http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/18486/pr-2changes.pdf
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
SOA Foundational Concepts
Source: Global Infrastructure and Standards Working Group Office of Justice Programs
Global JRA
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Mission
Capabilities Real World Effects Services Consumers
Core Concepts
Policies Agreements Interfaces Messaging
Enablers
Trends Impact Strategic Response Principles
Business Concepts
Assumptions
Processes Knowledge Value Chains Technologies
Business Enablers - Capabilities
Relationships
SOA
Interceptors Repository Principles
Loose Coupling
Characteristics
Abstraction Standards Differentiation Componentization Supplier Flexibility
Interceptors
Components
Vocabularies Behavioral Model
Information Model Messages Transformers Adaptors
Visibility Patterns
Security
Application Frontends
Infrastructure
SOA within the EA Value Chain Context
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
StrategicGoals
Tactical Plans
Level 1Opportunistic
Identify Simple “quick win” Projects
Build Services
Consume in Portal, BAM
Organize and Strategize
Create_customer, Messaging, Error
HandlingExamples
Level 2Tactical
Sell Business on SOA
Benefits
IntegrateServices
Manage Services
Tactical SOA Implementations
Customer DataIntegration
Level 3Strategic
Business Process
Automation
EnterpriseArchitecture Group
DrivingSOA
Process AutomationAnd Improvement
With SOA
Integrated Work Order Management
Be a leader in the industry eco-
system and provide/
consumerelevant
services. Enable the virtual
enterprise with business
insight, and real time information
access
Level 5
SOA is industrialized
Strategic SOA, B2B, B2C, A2A
Deploy BAM + BPEL for
Measurement
Level 4Enterprise
SOA isQuantitatively
Managed
Monitor End Customer SLAs
Measurement&
Improvement
*Source: Accenture + Oracle
SOA Roadmap
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Dick Burk, OMB
Keith Tucker, DOI
http://www.nascio.org/nascioCommittees/EA/
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Organization Compliance
ChangeMgmt
Operations
StandardsPrinciples
Skills
Funding
Governance
SOA Governance
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
ScopeTime
Cost
SOA Project Management
52% of projects will cost 189% of original estimates
Large organizations net only 42% of the original features and functions in the end product
31% of IT projects are canceled before completion
16% of large scale projects are completed on time and within budget
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
SOA Implementations in State Gov’t
Purchasing
Integrating legacy applications
Common payment engines
Address verification
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
SOA Implementations in State Gov’t
Kentucky ePayment Engine State Department of Revenue Live feed of election results to KTV
Wisconsin State Procurement
Viehas ChandrachoodExecutive Director – Office of Application DevelopmentCommonwealth Office of Technology
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
See summary page from NASCIO SOA Research Brief
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Forrester Research survey, achieve strategic business transformation
46 percent of large-enterprise SOA users 27 percent of SOA users at midsize and smaller enterprises)
Summit Strategiesachieve competitive advantage; new capabilities and products
CIO/Computerworld achieve greater business flexibility
77 percent of respondents
CIO Magazine – “Truth about SOA”
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
When SOA is not a good idea
Smaller Organizations No need for fast or agile Cost of designing in SOA does not map to the
benefit Large company – single vendor 30 to 100% increase in cost at design phase –
10% of TC
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
More on SOA. . .
Hard to do if - Decentralized Organization SAP – now service-enabling its applications Beware of a single vendor Where to start – processes that are customer
facing, revenue generating…
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
Resources
NASCIO: http://www.nascio.org/nascioCommittees/EA/
NASCIO webinars on SOAhttp://www.nascio.org/nascioCommittees/clc/webinarForm.cfm
Global Justice Reference Architecture for SOA: http://www.it.ojp.gov/topic.jsp?topic_id=242
State of California: http://www.cio.ca.gov/ITCouncil/Committees/ArchStandards.html
Enterprise Architecture - the path to Government Transformation
For More InformationVisit NASCIO @ http://www.nascio.org/
Eric SwedenNASCIO201 East Main Street, Suite
1405 Lexington, KY 40507859-514-9189esweden@AMRms.com
Thank You