Enhancement in Digital Image Processing

Ashok N Shindeashokshinde0349gmailcom

International Institute of Information TechnologyHinjawadi Pune

September 7 2017

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 118

Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain

The spatial domain

The image plane

Digital image is a Cartesian coordinate system of discrete rows andcolumnsAt the intersection of each row and column is a pixelEach pixel has a value which we will call intensity

The frequency domain

A (2-dimensional) discrete Fourier transform of the spatial domainimage

Enhancement

To improve the quality of an image by using transformation on theimageOften the improvement is to make the image better looking byincreasing the intensity or contrast

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 218

Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

The transformation is g(x y) = T [f(x y)]

where f(x y) the input imagewhere g(x y) the processed imageT an operator on f defined over some neighborhood of (x y)Example Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Example Low Pass Filtering

Low pass filter is used to remove high frequency content and noise

Example High Pass Filtering

High pass filter is used to remove low frequency content and obtainthe edges in am image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 318

Image Enhancement Low Pass Filtering

Low Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) is Low Pass FilterFilter b) is Weighted Low Pass Filter

Results

Remove the Noise from image

Blur the image

Generally used in Pre-processing

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 418

Image Enhancement High Pass Filtering

High Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) Finds Vertical EdgesFilter b) Finds Horizontal EdgesFilter c) Laplacian - Point Detection

Results

Finds the edges from image

Finds the horizontal and vertical edges

Generally used for Finding Shapes

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 518

Result Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Result of LPF and HPF

Lena image filtered using Low Pass and High Pass Filter

Lena image

Lena image filtered using Low Pass

Lena image filtered using High Pass Filter

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 618

Other Image Enhancement Techniques

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

Geometric transformation techniques

Image ReflectionImage TranslationImage ScalingImage Shearing

Spatial domain techniques

Point operationsHistogram equalization and matchingApplications of histogram-based enhancement

Frequency domain techniques

Unsharp maskingHomomorphic filtering

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

No change

Translation

Scaling about origin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 818

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain

The spatial domain

The image plane

Digital image is a Cartesian coordinate system of discrete rows andcolumnsAt the intersection of each row and column is a pixelEach pixel has a value which we will call intensity

The frequency domain

A (2-dimensional) discrete Fourier transform of the spatial domainimage

Enhancement

To improve the quality of an image by using transformation on theimageOften the improvement is to make the image better looking byincreasing the intensity or contrast

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 218

Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

The transformation is g(x y) = T [f(x y)]

where f(x y) the input imagewhere g(x y) the processed imageT an operator on f defined over some neighborhood of (x y)Example Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Example Low Pass Filtering

Low pass filter is used to remove high frequency content and noise

Example High Pass Filtering

High pass filter is used to remove low frequency content and obtainthe edges in am image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 318

Image Enhancement Low Pass Filtering

Low Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) is Low Pass FilterFilter b) is Weighted Low Pass Filter

Results

Remove the Noise from image

Blur the image

Generally used in Pre-processing

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 418

Image Enhancement High Pass Filtering

High Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) Finds Vertical EdgesFilter b) Finds Horizontal EdgesFilter c) Laplacian - Point Detection

Results

Finds the edges from image

Finds the horizontal and vertical edges

Generally used for Finding Shapes

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 518

Result Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Result of LPF and HPF

Lena image filtered using Low Pass and High Pass Filter

Lena image

Lena image filtered using Low Pass

Lena image filtered using High Pass Filter

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 618

Other Image Enhancement Techniques

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

Geometric transformation techniques

Image ReflectionImage TranslationImage ScalingImage Shearing

Spatial domain techniques

Point operationsHistogram equalization and matchingApplications of histogram-based enhancement

Frequency domain techniques

Unsharp maskingHomomorphic filtering

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

No change

Translation

Scaling about origin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 818

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

The transformation is g(x y) = T [f(x y)]

where f(x y) the input imagewhere g(x y) the processed imageT an operator on f defined over some neighborhood of (x y)Example Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Example Low Pass Filtering

Low pass filter is used to remove high frequency content and noise

Example High Pass Filtering

High pass filter is used to remove low frequency content and obtainthe edges in am image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 318

Image Enhancement Low Pass Filtering

Low Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) is Low Pass FilterFilter b) is Weighted Low Pass Filter

Results

Remove the Noise from image

Blur the image

Generally used in Pre-processing

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 418

Image Enhancement High Pass Filtering

High Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) Finds Vertical EdgesFilter b) Finds Horizontal EdgesFilter c) Laplacian - Point Detection

Results

Finds the edges from image

Finds the horizontal and vertical edges

Generally used for Finding Shapes

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 518

Result Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Result of LPF and HPF

Lena image filtered using Low Pass and High Pass Filter

Lena image

Lena image filtered using Low Pass

Lena image filtered using High Pass Filter

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 618

Other Image Enhancement Techniques

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

Geometric transformation techniques

Image ReflectionImage TranslationImage ScalingImage Shearing

Spatial domain techniques

Point operationsHistogram equalization and matchingApplications of histogram-based enhancement

Frequency domain techniques

Unsharp maskingHomomorphic filtering

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

No change

Translation

Scaling about origin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 818

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Image Enhancement Low Pass Filtering

Low Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) is Low Pass FilterFilter b) is Weighted Low Pass Filter

Results

Remove the Noise from image

Blur the image

Generally used in Pre-processing

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 418

Image Enhancement High Pass Filtering

High Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) Finds Vertical EdgesFilter b) Finds Horizontal EdgesFilter c) Laplacian - Point Detection

Results

Finds the edges from image

Finds the horizontal and vertical edges

Generally used for Finding Shapes

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 518

Result Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Result of LPF and HPF

Lena image filtered using Low Pass and High Pass Filter

Lena image

Lena image filtered using Low Pass

Lena image filtered using High Pass Filter

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 618

Other Image Enhancement Techniques

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

Geometric transformation techniques

Image ReflectionImage TranslationImage ScalingImage Shearing

Spatial domain techniques

Point operationsHistogram equalization and matchingApplications of histogram-based enhancement

Frequency domain techniques

Unsharp maskingHomomorphic filtering

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

No change

Translation

Scaling about origin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 818

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Image Enhancement High Pass Filtering

High Pass Filtering

Example

Filter a) Finds Vertical EdgesFilter b) Finds Horizontal EdgesFilter c) Laplacian - Point Detection

Results

Finds the edges from image

Finds the horizontal and vertical edges

Generally used for Finding Shapes

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 518

Result Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Result of LPF and HPF

Lena image filtered using Low Pass and High Pass Filter

Lena image

Lena image filtered using Low Pass

Lena image filtered using High Pass Filter

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 618

Other Image Enhancement Techniques

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

Geometric transformation techniques

Image ReflectionImage TranslationImage ScalingImage Shearing

Spatial domain techniques

Point operationsHistogram equalization and matchingApplications of histogram-based enhancement

Frequency domain techniques

Unsharp maskingHomomorphic filtering

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

No change

Translation

Scaling about origin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 818

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Result Low Pass and High Pass Filtering

Result of LPF and HPF

Lena image filtered using Low Pass and High Pass Filter

Lena image

Lena image filtered using Low Pass

Lena image filtered using High Pass Filter

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 618

Other Image Enhancement Techniques

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

Geometric transformation techniques

Image ReflectionImage TranslationImage ScalingImage Shearing

Spatial domain techniques

Point operationsHistogram equalization and matchingApplications of histogram-based enhancement

Frequency domain techniques

Unsharp maskingHomomorphic filtering

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

No change

Translation

Scaling about origin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 818

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Other Image Enhancement Techniques

A mathematical representation of spatial domain enhancement

Geometric transformation techniques

Image ReflectionImage TranslationImage ScalingImage Shearing

Spatial domain techniques

Point operationsHistogram equalization and matchingApplications of histogram-based enhancement

Frequency domain techniques

Unsharp maskingHomomorphic filtering

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

No change

Translation

Scaling about origin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 818

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

No change

Translation

Scaling about origin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 818

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Rotation about origin

Shearing in x direction

Shearing in y direction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 918

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Geometric transformation techniques Example

Geometric transformation

Example

Reflection about origin

Reflection about x axis

Reflection about y axis

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1018

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Spatial domain techniques

Point Operations(Point Processing)

The simplest kind of range transformations which are independent ofposition (x y) g(x y) = T [f(x y)]This is called point processing

Basic Point Processing Techniques are

Negative of ImageLog TransformationPower Law TransformationContrast StretchingGamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1118

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1218

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Negative of Image

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1318

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Power Law Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1418

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Gamma Correction

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1518

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Different Gray Level Transformation

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1618

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

References I

1 Gonzalez R C amp Woods R E 1 (2008) ldquoDigital Image Processing(3rd ed)rdquoPrentice Hall

2 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiTransformation_matrix

3 httpsenwikipediaorgwikiFile

2D_affine_transformation_matrixsvg

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1718

Author Information

For further information please contact

Prof Ashok N ShindeDepartment of Electronics amp Telecommunication EngineeringHope FoundationrsquosInternational Institute of Information Technology (I2IT )Hinjawadi Pune 411 057Phone - +91 20 22933441wwwisquareiteduin|ashoksisquareiteduin

Ashok N Shinde Enhancement in Digital Image Proc 1818