How Plants Avoid Sunburn: Findings Could Lead to Crops With Increased Protection from Bright Light and

Enhanced Photosynthesis and- Cell Memory

Mechanism Discovered [(Science Daily (Aug. 6, 2013)- Science daily (Aug. 15, 2013 )]

Carolina Carvajal MirandaMedicine Student

Universidad Pontificia BolivarianaMedellín

FOLDING

MARTINEZ S., Lina Maria. Biologia molecular. 5. ed. Medellin: UPB. Fac. de Medicina, 2009.265 p.

How Plants Avoid Sunburn: Findings Could Lead to Crops With Increased Protection from Bright Light and Enhanced Photosynthesis -Science Daily- (Aug. 6, 2013) H.-S. Jung, P. A. Crisp, G. M. Estavillo, B. Cole, F. Hong, T. C. Mockler, B. J. Pogson, J. Chory. Subset of heat-shock transcription factors required for the early response of Arabidopsis to excess light. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013; Cell Memory Mechanism Discovered Science daily (Aug. 15, 2013 )-ScienceDaily- Jian Yan, Martin Enge, Thomas Whitington, Kashyap Dave, Jianping Liu, Inderpreet Sur, Bernhard Schmierer, Arttu Jolma, Teemu Kivioja, Minna Taipale, Jussi Taipale. Transcription Factor Binding in Human Cells Occurs in Dense Clusters Formed around Cohesin Anchor Sites.

FOLDING

Stress-related proteins explain how plants avoid sunburn in intense light.

Mechanism for cellular memory:COHESIN

INTRODUCTION

How Plants Avoid Sunburn: Findings Could Lead to Crops With Increased Protection from Bright Light and

Enhanced PhotosynthesisScience Daily (Aug. 6, 2013)

How Plants Avoid Sunburn: Findings Could Lead to Crops With Increased Protection from Bright Light and

Enhanced Photosynthesis

Quantity and fluctuation of light conditions cause stress to plants.

Transcription Factors are responsible for fast response to changes in light.

How Plants Avoid Sunburn: Findings Could Lead to Crops With Increased Protection from Bright Light and

Enhanced Photosynthesis

Regulation in nuclear gene expression and intracellular signaling pathways genomic response to stress

Enzyme detoxifies harmful molecules, which accumulate under very bright light.

How Plants Avoid Sunburn: Findings Could Lead to Crops With Increased Protection from Bright Light and

Enhanced Photosynthesis

Study of short-term and long-term response factors

Generate plants with increased protection from light and enhanced photosynthesis.

OBSERVATION

In my opinion the importance of this study is directly implicated in the capacity of this organism to eliminate harmful sustances. Future investigations should be centered on the nuclear regulation of gene expressions. I also consider, the posibility of applying this knowlege in the therapeutic field.

Cell Memory Mechanism Discovered

Science daily (Aug. 15, 2013 )

Cell Memory Mechanism Discovered

Regulatory DNA sequences

Transcription factors

Binds to sequences

Expresion of proteins

It is critical that the pattern of transcription factor binding in the genome be maintained.

Cell Memory Mechanism Discovered

Transcription factors find original binding region on DNA strands.

large protein complex positioned as a ring around the two DNA strands

Marks places where transcription factors were bound.

Indicator of sequences that contain mutations

COHESIN:

Cell Memory Mechanism Discovered

Cell Memory Mechanism Discovered

Complete map of transcription factors

Analisis of DNA sequences that bind to cohesin:

Mutations

Cell Memory Mechanism Discovered

Analyse DNA sequences that are located in genes (3% of genome)

DNA sequences that bind to cohesin(1% of genome).

Most Mutations (Cancer) are outside genes.

OBSERVATION

I think this research has an important impact in the biological study of the genome, I consider the cohesin to be a crucial marker in the transcription of specific secuences that can be monitor to explain certain mutations, as well, it plays an important role to create a new investigation base that can be used to develop future therapys in hereditary conditions.

MEDICAL UTILITY

MEDICAL UTILITY

How Plants Avoid Sunburn: Findings Could Lead to Crops With Increased Protection from Bright Light and Enhanced

Photosynthesis

Generation of plants with increased protection from light with enhanced photosynthesis rates that benefit population by decreasing air contamination.

MEDICAL UTILITYCell Memory Mechanism Discovered

Facilitate the identification and analysis of specific mutations, and in future view, bring hope for cancer and hereditary deseased patients.

BIBLIOGRAPHY MARTINEZ S., Lina Maria. Biologia molecular. 5. ed. Medellin: UPB. Fac. de Medicina, 2009.265 p.

How Plants Avoid Sunburn: Findings Could Lead to Crops With Increased Protection from Bright Light and Enhanced Photosynthesis -Science Daily- (Aug. 6, 2013) H.-S. Jung, P. A. Crisp, G. M. Estavillo, B. Cole, F. Hong, T. C. Mockler, B. J. Pogson, J. Chory. Subset of heat-shock transcription factors required for the early response of Arabidopsis to excess light. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013; DOI:

Cell Memory Mechanism Discovered Science daily (Aug. 15, 2013 )-ScienceDaily- Jian Yan, Martin Enge, Thomas Whitington, Kashyap Dave, Jianping Liu, Inderpreet Sur, Bernhard Schmierer, Arttu Jolma, Teemu Kivioja, Minna Taipale, Jussi Taipale. Transcription Factor Binding in Human Cells Occurs in Dense Clusters Formed around Cohesin Anchor Sites. Cell, 2013; 154 (4): 801 DOI: