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EnE 301: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERINGEnE 301: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

1.0 Introduction to Environmental Engineering1.0 Introduction to Environmental Engineering

1.1 Earth’s Surface, Atmosphere, Water, Climate and Global Change

1.2 Overview of Environmental Engineering

1.3 Environmental Systems, Legislation and Regulation

1.4 Materials Balance Approach to Problem Solving

Environmental Engineering (ASCE)Environmental Engineering (ASCE)

EnvironmentalEnvironmental EngineeringEngineering isis manifestmanifest byby soundsound engineeringengineeringthoughtthought andand practicepractice inin thethe solutionsolution ofof problemsproblems ofofenvironmentalenvironmental sanitation,sanitation, notablynotably inin thethe provisionprovision ofof safe,safe,palatable,palatable, andand ampleample publicpublic waterwater suppliessupplies;; thethe properproper disposaldisposalofof oror recyclerecycle ofof wastewaterwastewater andand solidsolid wastewaste;; thethe adequateadequatedrainagedrainage ofof urbanurban andand ruralrural areasareas forfor properproper sanitationsanitation;; thethecontrolcontrol ofof water,water, soil,soil, andand atmosphericatmospheric pollution,pollution, andand thethe socialsocialandand environmentalenvironmental impactimpact ofof thesethese solutionssolutions..

Furthermore,Furthermore, itit isis concernedconcerned withwith engineeringengineering problemsproblems inin thethefieldfield ofof publicpublic health,health, suchsuch asas controlcontrol ofof arthropodarthropod--bornebornediseases,diseases, thethe eliminationelimination ofof industrialindustrial healthhealth hazards,hazards, andand thetheprovisionprovision ofof adequateadequate sanitationsanitation inin urban,urban, rural,rural, andand recreationalrecreationalareas,areas, andand thethe effecteffect ofof technologicaltechnological advancesadvances onon thetheenvironmentenvironment..

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Environmental SystemsEnvironmental Systems

WaterWater SupplySupply SubsystemSubsystem..

••TheThe naturenature ofof thethe waterwater sourcesource commonlycommonly determinesdetermines thetheplanning,planning, design,design, andand operationoperation ofof thethe collection,collection, purification,purification,transmissiontransmission andand distributiondistribution worksworks..

••TheThe twotwo majormajor sourcessources usedused toto supplysupply communitycommunity andand industrialindustrialneedsneeds comescomes fromfrom thethe surfacesurface waterwater andand groundwatergroundwater.. Streams,Streams,lakes,lakes, andand riversrivers areare thethe surfacesurface waterwater sourcessources whilewhilegroundwatergroundwater sourcessources areare thosethose pumpedpumped fromfrom wellswells..

••PopulationPopulation andand waterwater consumptionconsumption patternspatterns areare thethe primeprimefactorsfactors thatthat governgovern thethe quantityquantity ofof waterwater requiredrequired andand thethe sourcesourceandand thethe wholewhole compositioncomposition ofof waterwater resourceresource systemsystem..

••FactorsFactors thatthat influenceinfluence waterwater consumptionconsumption areare industrialindustrial activity,activity,meteragemeterage andand waterwater price,price, systemsystem management,management, standardstandard ofofliving,living, andand climateclimate..

Water Resource Management System

FigureFigure:: WaterWater SupplySupply ResourceResource SystemSystem

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WastewaterWastewater DisposalDisposal SubsystemSubsystem..

••SafeSafe disposaldisposal ofof allall humanhuman wasteswastes isis necessarynecessary toto protectprotect thethehealthhealth ofof thethe individual,individual, family,family, andand thethe community,community, andand alsoalso totopreventprevent thethe occurrenceoccurrence ofof certaincertain nuisancesnuisances..

••HumanHuman wasteswastes mustmust bebe disposeddisposed soso thatthat::

��TheyThey willwill notnot contaminatecontaminate anyany drinkingdrinking waterwater supplysupply..

��TheyThey willwill notnot givegive riserise toto aa publicpublic healthhealth hazardhazard byby beingbeingaccessibleaccessible toto insects,insects, rodents,rodents, oror otherother possiblepossible carrierscarriers thatthat

maymay comecome intointo contactcontact withwith foodfood oror drinkingdrinking waterwater..

��TheyThey willwill notnot givegive riserise toto aa publicpublic healthhealth hazardhazard byby beingbeingaccessibleaccessible toto childrenchildren..

��TheyThey willwill notnot pollutepollute oror contaminatecontaminate thethe waterswaters ofof anyany bathingbathing

beachbeach oror streamstream usedused forfor publicpublic andand domesticdomestic waterwater--supplysupplypurposespurposes oror recreationalrecreational purposespurposes..

��TheyThey willwill notnot givegive riserise toto aa nuisancenuisance duedue toto odorodor oror unsightlyunsightly

appearanceappearance..

��TheyThey willwill notnot causecause violationviolation ofof lawslaws oror regulationsregulations governinggoverningwaterwater pollutionpollution oror sewagesewage disposaldisposal..

FigureFigure:: WastewaterWastewater ManagementManagement SubsystemSubsystem

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••SewersSewers areare classifiedclassified intointo threethree categoriescategories:: sanitary,sanitary, storm,storm, andandcombinedcombined..

••SanitarySanitary sewerssewers areare designeddesigned toto carrycarry municipalmunicipal wastewaterwastewaterfromfrom homeshomes andand commercialcommercial establishmentsestablishments..

••StormStorm sewerssewers areare designeddesigned toto handlehandle excessexcess rainwaterrainwater totopreventprevent floodingflooding ofof lowlow areasareas..

••CombinedCombined sewerssewers accommodateaccommodate bothboth municipalmunicipal wastewaterwastewater andandstormwaterstormwater..

••SewageSewage treatmenttreatment isis performedperformed atat thethe wastewaterwastewater treatmenttreatmentplantplant toto stabilizestabilize thethe wastewaste materialmaterial toto makemake itit lessless putrescibleputrescible..

••TheThe effluenteffluent maymay bebe dischargeddischarged intointo anan ocean,ocean, lake,lake, river,river, oror bebeprocessedprocessed forfor reusereuse..

••InIn summary,summary, waterwater resourceresource managementmanagement isis thethe processprocess ofofmanagingmanaging bothboth thethe quantityquantity andand thethe qualityquality ofof thethe waterwater forforhumanhuman benefitbenefit withoutwithout harmingharming itsits availabilityavailability andand puritypurity..

••UnlikeUnlike waterwater resource,resource, airair isis delivereddelivered freefree ofof chargecharge ininwhateverwhatever quantityquantity wewe desiredesire andand alsoalso unlikeunlike water,water, whichwhich cancan bebetreatedtreated beforebefore using,using, itit isis impracticalimpractical toto gogo aboutabout withwith aa gasgasmaskmask onon toto treattreat impureimpure waterwater..

••AirAir resourceresource managementmanagement isis thethe balancebalance ofof costcost andand benefitbenefit totoobtainobtain aa desireddesired qualityquality ofof airair..

••AirAir resourceresource managementmanagement programsprograms areare institutedinstituted sincesince airairqualityquality hashas deteriorateddeteriorated andand thethe potentialpotential forfor aa futurefuture problemproblem isisstrongstrong..

Air Resource Management System

Solid Waste Management

••MaximizationMaximization ofof utilizationutilization ofof valuablevaluable resourcesresources andand resourcesresourcesconservationconservation andand recoveryrecovery..

••SolidSolid wastewaste avoidanceavoidance andand volumevolume reductionreduction throughthrough sourcesourcereductionreduction andand wastewaste minimizationminimization measuresmeasures..

••ProperProper segregation,segregation, collection,collection, transport,transport, storage,storage, treatmenttreatment andanddisposaldisposal ofof solidsolid wastewaste..

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FigureFigure:: AirAir ResourceResource ManagementManagement SystemSystem

FigureFigure:: SolidSolid WasteWaste ManagementManagement SystemSystem