ENDo_0Prepared by : Osama Ahmad Almasry ..

Level 7

Course Director : Dr . M. Altammimi

Goals of Root canal instruments

•To provide biologic environment to healing

•To develop canal shape to healing

Endo instruments ::

•1 Hand instruments

“ mouth mirror , Endo Explorer , Endo excavator , Endo plugger , Locking pliers , plastic instrument , Spreader “

•2 Instruments for pulp space preparation

Group I Hand & finger operated instruments ( Barbed broach , Rasps , K files , Hedstrom file )

Group II Low speed instruments

Group III Engine driven instruments of similar to group one

Types of files ::

•Traditional : carbon steel

•Stainless steel

•Niti : nickel titanium

Mouth mirror

Endo Explorer

Two straight # very sharp end

For Exploration of canal orifices

Endo Explorer

Endo spreader ( Hand ) ( Finger )

For compaction of gutta percha during obturation

- Pointed tip

- Hand or finger

Endo Spreader

Finger Spreaders

Finger size # 15

Finger size # 20

Finger size # 25

Explorer vs spreader

Explorer spreader

Endo Excavator

- Much longer offset from long axis

- Sharp to cut pulp tissue

Locking pliers

Grooves to hold paper point

And Gutta percha points

College Pliers

Perry Pliers

Fine tip for work within small pulp chamber

Plastic instrument

Endo plugger (hand )

- Flat tip

- Depth orientation grooves

- Hand or finger

- Can be heated

Finger pluggers can be precurved to

facilitate condensation. They are

generally used deeper in the canal

Schilder Pluggers: Note that handles used

in the School are NOT color coordinated and vary quite a bit

Heat Transfer Instruments

•Spreader – like design

•Designed for repeated heating

•Chamber roof is left in the the maxillary premolar (L). The other image (R) demonstrates what the access looks like

immediately after un-roofing the chamber. The access needs to be completed with a tapered diamond

Transfer sponge

Gates-Glidden Bur

Pesso Reamers

•/

Lentulo Spirals

Endo File

Endodontic Files

k-file #15-40 25mm length

k-file #15-40 31mm length

K-file #45-80 25mm length

K-file #10 25mm length

K-file #10 31mm length

Hedstrom Files (H- file)

#15-40

Barbed broaches

Endo Ruler

Gutta percha

Paper point

Sealer

REAMER

The angle between the long-axis and the cutting blade is small,

which is why preparation by reamer is effective only in rotating motion.

REAMERA reamer is manufactured from a triangular or square steel wire

that is twisted to give the typical shape of a reamer.

K-FILE K-files are manufactured from square or sometimes triangular

steel wire that is twisted to give the typical shape of a K-file.

The angle The tip of the instrument is cutting

which makes the K-file best suited

for the preparation

of straight canals.

between the long-axis and the cutting blade

is greater than in a reamer,

FLEXOREAMER Flexoreamers are manufactured from a triangular steel wire

that is twisted to give the typical shape of a reamer

The angle between the long-axis

and the cutting blade is small,

and therefore

preparation by flexoreamer is

effective only in rotatory motion.

FLEXOFILE

Flexofiles are manufactured from triangular (note!) steel wire that is

twisted to give the typical profile of a K-file.

The angle between the long-axis

and the cutting

blade is bigger than in reamers,

which is why

preparation by flexofile is effective

both in rotating motion and in filing motion

(up and down movement)

HEDSTR0EM FILE

The angle between the long-axis

and the cutting blade

is close to right angle,

which is why preparation by Hedstroem files

is effective only

when using

a filing motion (up and down movement).

Hedstroem files are manufactured from round steel wire by grinding.

NITI NiTiflex-files are manufactured from nickel-titan wire

that is ground to give the typical profile of a K-file.

The angle between the long-axis and

the cutting blade

is bigger than in reamers,

and therefore preparation

by NiTiflex-file is effective

both in rotating motion

and in filing motion

(up and down movement).

Total of 6 radiographs will be taken

and mounted for each case.

•Preoperative radiograph (without rubber dam).

•Working length radiograph (with rubber dam).

•Master apical file radiograph (with rubber dam).

•Master cone radiograph (with rubber dam).

•Intermediate radiograph (with rubber dam).

•Final radiograph (without rubber dam).

A Diagnostic Endodontic Film requires that:

The tooth is centered on the film.

At least 5mm of bone beyond the apex of the tooth is visible.

The image is as anatomically correct as possible.

To be continued ..

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