Post on 09-Jun-2018
Enabling Renewable Energy using Hydrogen
Renewable Hydrogen Symposiumy g y pInn at the Forks, Winnipeg, Manitoba
January 19, 2010
Hydrogenics in Brief
A world leading manufacturer of electrolyzers and fuel cellsA world leading manufacturer of electrolyzers and fuel cells
Canadian-based company with offices in Toronto, Belgium and Germany:and Germany:
• On Site Generation Systems: HySTAT™ Electrolyzers for industrial hydrogen and energy applications
• Power Systems: HyPM™ Fuel cells for backup power and mobilityPower Systems: HyPM Fuel cells for backup power and mobility applications
• Renewable Energy Systems: Hydrogen system applications for community energy storage and smart grid
1,700 + hydrogen products deployed worldwide since 1948
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Products and Technology
HyUPSBackup Power
HyPM® XR Fuel Cell
HyPX®
Fuel CellIMET
Electrolyzer StationsHyPM® HDFuel CellBackup Power
SystemFuel Cell
Power Moduleextended run data centre and telecom UPS power
Fuel Cell Power Packfor material
hadling
Electrolyzer Stations and
HyLYZERPEM Electrolyzer
Modulesfor OnSite
h d ti
Fuel Cell Power Module
for mobility applications
hydrogen generation
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Energy Storagegy g
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The Energy Storage Problem
Renewable energy is driving the need for energyRenewable energy is driving the need for energy storage
• Wind and solar are intermittent• Consumers and governments are pushing RE
to higher proportions of grid mix
Problems occurring when RE provides >10% of the grid mixgrid mix
• Increased need for standby power and frequency regulation services
• Fossil fuel regulation undermines value of REFossil fuel regulation undermines value of RE
Higher RE penetration raises the need for energy storageg
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The Energy Storage Problem
Wind and solar are intermittent Wind and solar are intermittent Fossil fuel power currently provide power stability Energy storage is needed to maximize wind penetration
H d t i d t h t l t t d f Hydrogen storage is a good match to long-term energy storage needs for remote communities
100% Fossil Fuel 100% REFossil fuel cost driver Capital drives costImported energy Fully self-sufficientPollution + emissions Zero-emissions
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Energy Storage Technologies
e s P d
Ren
ewab
leEn
ergy
Sto
rag e
Hou
rsD
ays Hydrogen Energy Storage Pumped
Hydro
Compressed AirEnergy Storage
Flow BatteriesZnBr VRB PSBMetal-Air Batteries
NaS Batteries
wer
High Energy Super Capacitors
Lead-Acid Batteries
Ni-Cd
Smal
l Pow
erSt
orag
e
ng D
urat
ion
Whe
els
Min
utes
me
at R
ated
Pow Li-ion
Other Adv. Batteries
High Power Fly Wheels
S
Lon
Fly
Pow
er Q
ualit
y
Seco
nds
Dis
char
ge T
im
High Power Supercaps
SuperconductingMagnetic Energy Storage
Source: Electricity Storage Association
1 kW 10 kW 100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 100 MW 1 GW
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Data Storage: Many Needs + Many Tools
Energy Storage is No Different8
Renewable Energy + Hydrogen Storage
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Hydrogen Advantages Long term storageg g
• Hydrogen storage costs are a fraction of batteries and flow batteries
• Can store energy for days and weeks• No power dissipation
Dissociation of charge and discharge cycles and storage capacity
• Can size the components for the specific application• More effective equipment use
Flexibility for use in many applications • Fueling for vehicles or other devices
Zero emissions through entire system
Hydrogen technology continuing to developy g gy g• Technical advances and cost reductions underway• Energy efficiency will be improved
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Renewable Energy and Transportationgy p
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Intermittency and with Transportation Loads Added
Rebalance with H2 Production for Transportation/Energy Storage
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Hydrogen Smart Grid –A whole new world of possibilities
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Hydrogen Fueling Pathway
Electrolysis hydrogen generation pathway to fuelingElectrolysis hydrogen generation pathway to fueling Controllable load matches with intermittent renewable energy
The Grid
Controllable Generation
Uncontrollable Loads
The Grid
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Electrolysis H2 FuelRenewable PowerControllable load matches intermittent power
Ancillary Services Definitions
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Why utilize electrolyzer loads as a resource?
Frees generating capacityFrees generating capacity• Ancillary services typically consume generating capacity • Using loads allows generating capacity to do what it was
designed to dodes g ed to do
Better response to control-center requests• Loads will respond more quickly because it is composed of• Loads will respond more quickly because it is composed of
many small resources• Large generators are slower to respond
Less redundancy and better capital utilization• Aggregation of loads as a resource will require less redundancy• Better modularity than single large generators• Better modularity than single large generators
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Hydrogenics Energy Network Patent US 6,745,105, EP 1,177,154 and EP 1,719,235, , , , , , , An energy distribution network comprising: at least one primary energy resource means for producing
electricity; hydrogen production means for producing hydrogen using
electricity received from said primary energy source; hydrogen storage means for storing at least some of said
hydrogen produced by said hydrogen production means;y g p y y g p ; hydrogen fuel user means for using hydrogen received
from at least one of said hydrogen production means and said hydrogen storage means; andD t ll ti t t l d l li k d Data collection, storage, control and supply means linked to said primary energy source means, said hydrogen production means and said hydrogen fuel user means to determine, control and supply hydrogen by said hydrogen
d ti b d i t i l diproduction means based on inputs including energy resource availability.
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Electrolysis Characteristics
Ability to quickly cycle on and offoff High availability during periods
of highest valueR id Rapid response Inherent redundancy Distributed locations
Commercial IMET On/Off Rapid Cycle Testing.
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Hydrogen Bus Refueling Scenario
Bus Refueling ScenarioNumber of buses 3 10 100
Fuel consumption (kg/100km) 15
On board storage (kg) 40
Daily travelled distance (km) 250
Facility daily H2 required (kg) 112 375 3750Facility daily H2 required (kg) 112 375 3750
Resulting H2 production capacity (Nm3/h) 60 180 1800
Resulting power requirement (MW) 0.3 1.0 10
H STAT Q’ i d 1 3 30HySTAT Q’s required 1 3 30
S1000 stacks required 4 12 120
S4000-90 stacks required 1 3 30
S4000-135 stacks required 1 2 20
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Fueling Economics with Demand Response
The addition of demand response revenue (OPA DR3) can helpThe addition of demand response revenue (OPA DR3) can help lower cost of hydrogen.
Elec Cost $222k
HySTAT 6060 Nm3/h (300 kW)
$2.1M installed100% Cap. Util.
$12.50/kg
CU
RR
ENT
MO
DE
L
HySTAT 60Elec Cost $222k
D E
Demand Response Revenue $65k/yr
$11.00/kg
HySTAT 6060 Nm3/h (300 kW)
$2.1M installed100% Cap. Util.
DE
MA
ND
RES
PON
SM
OD
EL
Demand response = $200k/MW/yr; Electricity = $.08/kWh20
Large-scale hydrogen fueling with demand response revenue
Fueling Economics with Demand Response
Large scale hydrogen fueling with demand response revenue
S4000 16Elec Cost $3.6M/yr
S4000 x 16960 Nm3/h (5 MW)
$15M installed100% Cap. Util.
$8.25/kg
CU
RR
ENT
MO
DE
L
Demand ResponseS4000 x 16960 Nm3/h (5 MW) $ 00/kAN
D
ON
SED
EL Demand Response Revenue $1M/yr
960 Nm3/h (5 MW)$15M installed100% Cap. Util.
$7.00/kg
DEM
AR
ESPO
MO
D
Demand Response = $200k/MW/yr; Electricity cost = .08/kWh
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Product Offering: HySTAT™-360 (Q)
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August 6th, 2009: DOE, NREL and SNRL Complete “Real World” Driving Evaluation
FCHVHybrid
2009 Toyota Highlander Gasoline Hybrid
2009 Toyota Highlander H2 Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle
Full Tank Range: 710 kmAvg. Fuel Economy: 9.0 L /100km
Cost to fill up @ $ 0.95/litre: $ 63.90
Full Tank Range: 690 kmAvg. Fuel Economy1: 3.4 L /100km
Cost to fill up @ $ 8/kgH2: $ 50.48
1. Converted from (kg) of hydrogen to litres of gasoline equivalent
Competitive fuel prices Accelerating the transition to hydrogen
Hybrid Midi Bus Demonstration Vehicle
Length 17 ft (5.3 m)Length 17 ft (5.3 m)
Type Low floor
Seats 8 + standing
Max speed 20 mph (33 km/h)
Autonomy 125 mi (200 km)
Drive 12 kW PEM Fuel CellDrive 12 kW PEM Fuel Cell
Motor 25 kW
Fuel Hydrogen (99.99 %)
Hydrogen storage 5.8 kg
Energy storage NiCd Batteries
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Proterra Fuel Cell Plug-in Hybrid Bus
Length 35 ft (10 7 m)Length 35 ft (10.7 m)
Type Low floor
Seats 37
Max speed 60 mph (96 km/h)
Autonomy 300 mi (480 km)
D i 32 kW PEM Fuel
2 x HyPM HD 16sHydrogenics Fuel Cells
Drive Cell
Motor 150 kW
Fuel Hydrogen (99.99 Fuel %)
Hydrogen storage 30 kg
Energy storage Li Titanate Energy storage Batteries
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Community Hydrogen Energy Storage (HES)y y g gy g ( )
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Remote Community Power
ApplicationApplication• Enable continuous off-grid power from wind or solar• Remote communities, islands and resorts
Current Solution• Served by diesel gensets• Typical costs $0 60 $1 00/kWh• Typical costs $0.60-$1.00/kWh
Renewable Hydrogen System• Hydrogen generation storage and fuel cell coupled• Hydrogen generation, storage and fuel cell coupled
to renewable energy• Fully zero-emission energy• Self-contained energy system• Self-contained energy system
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Community Hydrogen System
WIND GENERATED ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICAL trici
ty
Excess Wind Energy dissipated
Excess W
Electric
Air Compressor
N2Generator
Thermal DumpLoad – distributedto improve usability
of heat energySynchronous Condenser
for grid stabilityDIESEL
Back Up power
LOAD
Gen
erat
ed E
lect
Wind E
nergy diverted
city to Auxiliary S
yste
HyS
ControlSystem
WaterTreatment
HEATING LOADsa
tion
very
Heating from excess Wind Energy Standby heating
for fuel cell
to Hydrogen productio
ems
TAT standby heatin H
ySTA
T co
olin
g
Heating from Waste Heat Recovery
Hydrogen
Con
dens
Rec
ov
on
Water supply
ng
Hydrogen
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Recovery
storageHyPM fuel cell system
Water supply to HySTAT
HySTAT Electrolyzer
The HySTAT™ Electrolyzers
Mature product serving industrial gas and fuelling marketsMature product serving industrial gas and fuelling markets On-demand, onsite high purity hydrogen production Automated, reliable, efficient and low maintenance
HySTAT™-60 HySTAT™-15 HySTAT™-30
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y60 Nm3/h, 5.4 kg/h
10 bar
HySTAT 15 15 Nm3/h, 1.4 kg/h
10 or 25 bar
HySTAT 30 30 Nm3/h, 2.7 kg/h
10 or 25 bar
Containerized Fuel Cell Module
HyPM 150KVA Fuel Cell System (20’ ISO container)HyPM 150KVA Fuel Cell System (20 ISO container)• HyPM XR rack serves backup power market• Reliable and scalable power for critical systems• Zero emission compact and highly efficient• Zero-emission, compact and highly efficient
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Energy Storage – Low Incremental Cost
Tube trailer can deliver 6 MWh from fuel cellTube trailer can deliver 6 MWh from fuel cell No leakage and no parasitic losses over time Storage costs of less than $100/kWh
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Case Study: Community HESy y
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Model Inputs
Site Profile using Alaska DataSite Profile using Alaska Data• 175kW peak load• 6.5m/s average wind speed• Low diesel price of $1/L• Low diesel price of $1/L
Case A – Existing Diesel• Emissions based ultra low sulphur diesel• Emissions based ultra low sulphur diesel
Case B – Wind/Hydrogen + Diesel• Reduced diesel consumption• Reduced diesel consumption
Case C – Wind/Hydrogen only• Elimination of diesel• Elimination of diesel
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Model Component Sizing
Diesel only Wind / Hydrogen + Diesel Wind/Hydrogen
Diesel kW 175 175
Wind kW 2 x 330 3 x 330
Fuel Cell kW 100 200
Electrolyzer Kg/day 168 330
Storage Kg 100 1000
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Model Results
Wi d/H dDiesel Only Wind/Hydrogen + Diesel Wind/Hydrogen
Initial Capital Cost $’000 3,250 8,300 10,620
Net Present Cost $’000 8,800 10,980 13,100
Operating Cost $’000/yr 450 215 201
Cost of Generation(Diesel @ $1/L)
$/kWh 0.78 0.97 1.16
Diesel Usage L/yr 291,400 49,400 0
CO2 kg/yr 764,000 130,000 0
CO kg/yr 4,050 690 0
HC kg/yr 220 37 0
PM kg/yr 230 39 0
SO2 kg/yr 1,500 260 0
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NOx kg/yr 2,300 400 0
Hydrogen Experience and Case Studiesy g p
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Renewable Energy Projects to Date
Name Year RE Source Country EquipmentName Year RE Source Country Equipment
West Beacon 2003 Wind + Solar UK HySTAT 8 + FC
Gas Natural 2007 Wind Spain HySTAT 60 + FCGas Natural 2007 Wind Spain HySTAT 60 + FC
Hychico 2007 Wind Argentina HySTAT 60 (x2) + H2ICE genset
Univ ofUniv. of Glamorgan 2008 Wind + Solar Wales HySTAT 10 + FC
Basin Electric 2008 Wind US HySTAT 30 + storage
China Lake 2008 Solar US HySTAT 1 +HyPM
BC Hydro 2009 Small Hydro Canada HySTAT 30
R 2009 Wi d C d H STAT 30Ramea 2009 Wind Canada HySTAT 30
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Hydrogenics Electrolysers in Fueling Stations in Europe
Malmø , Sweden Amsterdam, Netherlands (CUTE) Barcelona Spain (CUTE)Barcelona, Spain (CUTE) Stockholm, Sweden (CUTE) Porto, Portugal (CUTE)
B th G Barth, Germany Dunkirk, France
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Hydrogen Fueling Stations Experience in North America
Toronto ,Ontario (4) Vancouver, British Columbia Ford, Arizona
APG A i APG, Arizona Richmond, California Torrance, California Diamond Bar CaliforniaDiamond Bar, California Chula Vista, California Chino, California Oakland, California Rosemead, California Detroit, Michigan Minot, North Dakota
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Robert McGillivrayDirector, Renewable EnergyHydrogenics Corporation+1 (905) 298-3337
illi @h d irmcgillivray@hydrogenics.com
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