Post on 26-May-2018
Emtron Technologies Pvt. Ltd.Emtron Technologies Pvt. Ltd.Emtron Technologies Pvt. Ltd.Emtron Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Flat No-101, B3 Wing, 1st Floor, Divyam Hights,
Gilbert Hill, Shreenath Nagar, Andheri –West,
Mumbai-58
+91-8080181911
E-mail: emtron.tech@gmail.com, www.emtrontech.in
Do it yourself Embedded Systems workshopDo it yourself Embedded Systems workshopDo it yourself Embedded Systems workshopDo it yourself Embedded Systems workshop is a short term program that offers the knowledge and exposure about the
fastest growing field of embedded applications. This program covers concepts that are essential in understanding the
functioning of any embedded environment. Starting from these fundamentals, it goes on to cover more interesting and
practical aspects such as system design and interfacing with various I/O devices. The contents of the program are
discoursed through some theory sessions as well as interesting and interactive hands on sessions as well. Forty hours of
exhaustive hands on training program is designed to build your own embedded controller.
AVR Board Specifications:
1. ATmega 32 Microcontroller Chip
2. Socket for Flashing , ISP, Regulated Power supply
3. LEDs
4. 4 X4 Switch Matrix, 4x1 KBD connectors
5. Serial Communication Port
6. Relay Interface
7. DC & Stepper Motor driver
8. 16x2 LCD interfacing connector
9. 64x128 Graphic LCD interfacing Connector
10. All ports Connections
11. RTC DS1307
12. Connecting wires
13. Bluetooth, Zigbee Interface
14. Servomotor Interface
15. TFT screen interface
16. Touch Screen Interface
17. Interrupts
Circuit Design
Layout Design:
1. Atmega 32
2. MAX232 (UART interface)
3. L293D (DC Motor Driver)
4. DS1307 (Real Time Clock)
5. 16x 2 LCD
6. USB ISP Programmer
7. Keyboard, Sensor, LM 35, Realay, Blue tooth, Zig Bee, Servo, GLCD connectors
USB asp Installation on Windows The method described here will require machine to restart. Make sure you have write
down the steps before proceeding.
Identify The Problem
The main problem is that Microsoft doesn’t allow us to install drivers which are not
‘digitally signed’ directly (or easily) on Windows Vista and later version (7, 8, and also
8.1). To get around this, we must temporarily disable the signature verification process.
Phase 1: Disable Driver Signature Enforcement
1. Enter “start screen” and open “PC Settings”
2. Choose “Update and recovery” option in the left panel.
3. Choose “Recovery” option in the left panel
4. Click on “Restart now” button, below the “Advanced startup” section then click
“reset” button to begin resetting.
5. Once machine is restarted, we will face several options which we can choose by
pressing F1-F9. Choose F7 for “Disable driver signature enforcement”
Now, the machine will boot with no driver signature enforcement. We can then install the
driver to our machine.
Phase 2: USBasp Driver Installation
Download the driver fro Windows from USBasp (http://www.fischl.de/usbasp/). The latest
version is version 2011-05-28.zip which can be downloaded here. Read the readme first.
Because I use WinAVR version 20100110, i will extract the libusb_0.1.12.1 folder as
D:\libusb_0.1.12.1.
Plug the USBasp in to USB port. Windows will try to recognize the device. It should be
recognized but it lacks of driver so the process is not finish.
Open “Device Manager” on “Control Panel”. Look for Other devices. We have USBasp
device there.
Right click on it and click on “Update Driver Software…”
Click on “Browse my computer for driver software”.
Type the location of folder “D:\libusb_0.1.12.1″ and then click “Next”.
Windows will give warning as it can’t verify the publisher of the driver. Just ignore it and
select “Install this driver software anyway”
Let the installation proceed and wait until it finish.
Example Programs:
***************************************************
//Example: 1 LED Blink
***************************************************
#include <mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>
void main(void)
{
PORTB=0x00;
DDRD = 0x80;
while (1)
{
PORTD.7 = 0x1;
delay_ms(500);
PORTD.7 = 0x0;
delay_ms(500);
};
}
**********************************************************
//Example: 2 LED Blink left to right & Right to Left
*********************************************************
#include<mega32.h>
#include<delay.h>
void main (void)
{
while(1)
{
int i;
int j;
DDRD=0Xff;
i=0xff;
PORTD=0xff;
for(j=0;j<=7;j++)
{
PORTD=i;
i<<=1;
delay_ms(500);
}
for(j=0;j<=7;j++)
{
PORTD=i;
i>>=1;
delay_ms(500);
} } }
**********************************************************
//Example: 3 Read Key Press
**********************************************************
#include <mega32.h>
void main(void)
{
DDRD=0x80;
DDRA=0x00;
PORTA=0XF0;
while(1)
if(PINA.0==0)
{
PORTD.7=1;
}
else
if(PINA.1==0)
{
PORTD.7=0;
} }
**********************************************************
//Example: 4 Read Key Press display array
**********************************************************
#include <mega32.h>
void main(void)
{
int a[3]={1,0,1};
int i;
DDRD=0x80;
DDRA=0x00;
PORTA=0XF0;
while(1)
{ if(PINA.0==0)
{
PORTD.7=a[0];
}
else if
(PINA.1==0)
{
PORTD.7=a[1];
}
else if
(PINA.2==0)
{
PORTD.7=a[2];
} }}
**********************************************************
//Example: 5 Stepper motor & DC motor
**********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#include <delay.h>
void main(void)
{
PORTC=0x00;
DDRC=0xf0;
PORTD=0x00;
DDRD=0x80;
PORTD.7=0x1; //Enable
PORTC.4=0x0;
PORTC.5=0x1; //DC Motor
while (1)
{
PORTC=0x10; //Step-1
delay_ms(20);
PORTC=0x20; //Step-2
delay_ms(20);
PORTC=0x40; //Step-3
delay_ms(20);
PORTC=0x80; //Step-4
delay_ms(20);
}}
**********************************************************
//Example: 6 LCD 16x2 Interface
**********************************************************
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x18 ;PORTB
#endasm
#include <mega32.h>
#include <lcd.h>
void main(void)
{
lcd_init(16);
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_putsf(" Dr. Y. S. Rao");
while (1);
}
**********************************************************
//Example: 7 LCD 16x2 Display right to left
**********************************************************
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x18 ;PORTB
#endasm
#include <mega8535.h>
#include <lcd.h>
#include<delay.h>
void main(void)
{
int i=0;
lcd_init(16);
while(1)
{
for(i=16; i>=0; i--)
{
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(i,0);
lcd_putsf(" Dr. Y. S. Rao");
delay_ms(250);
}
};
}
**********************************************************
//Example: 8 LCD 16x2 Display 00 to 99
**********************************************************
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x18 ;PORTB
#endasm
#include <mega32.h>
#include <lcd.h>
#include<delay.h>
void main(void)
{
int a,b;
while(1)
{
lcd_init(16);
for(b=48;b<=57;b++)
{
for(a=48;a<=57;a++)
{
if(b>48)
{
lcd_gotoxy(6,0);
lcd_putchar((char)b);
}
lcd_gotoxy(7,0);
lcd_putchar((char)a);
delay_ms(500);
lcd_clear();
}}}}
***************************************************
//Example: 09 INT-0 interrupt
***************************************************
#include <mega32.h>
interrupt [EXT_INT0] void ext_int0_isr(void)
{
PORTD = PORTD ^ 0x80;
}
void main(void)
{
DDRD=0x80;
// External Interrupt(s) initialization
// INT0: On
// INT0 Mode: Low level
// INT1: Off
// INT2: Off
GICR|=0x40;
MCUCR=0x00;
MCUCSR=0x00;
GIFR=0x40;
#asm("sei")
while(1) ;
}
***************************************************
//Example: 10 INT-0, INT-1 interrupt Priority
***************************************************
#include <mega32.h>
interrupt [EXT_INT1] void ext_int1_isr(void)
{
PORTD.7=0x1;
}
interrupt [EXT_INT0] void ext_int0_isr(void)
{
PORTD.7 = 0x0;
}
void main(void)
{
DDRD=0x80;
// External Interrupt(s) initialization
// INT0: On
// INT0 Mode: Low level
// INT1: On
// INT1 Mode: Low level
// INT2: Off
GICR|=0xC0;
MCUCR=0x00;
MCUCSR=0x00;
GIFR=0xC0;
#asm("sei")
while(1)
;
}
***********************************************************
//Example: 11 INT-0, INT-1, Timer 0 interrupt Priority
***********************************************************
#include <mega32.h>
unsigned int timecount = 0;
interrupt [TIM0_OVF] void timer0_ovf_isr(void)
{
TCNT0=6;
if(++timecount == 1000)
{
PORTD = PORTD ^ 0x80;
timecount = 0;
}
}
interrupt [EXT_INT1] void ext_int1_isr(void)
{
PORTD = 0x1;
}
interrupt [EXT_INT0] void ext_int0_isr(void)
{
PORTD = 0x0;
}
void main(void)
{
DDRD=0x80;
// Timer/Counter 0 initialization
// Clock source: System Clock
// Mode: Normal top=FFh
// OC0 output: Disconnected
TCCR0=0x01; // Clock value: 8000.000 kHz
TCNT0=0x00;
OCR0=0x00;
// External Interrupt(s) initialization
// INT0: On
// INT0 Mode: Low level
// INT1: On
// INT1 Mode: Low level
// INT2: Off
GICR|=0xC0;
MCUCR=0x00;
MCUCSR=0x00;
GIFR=0xC0;
TIMSK=0x01; // Timer(s)/Counter(s) Interrupt(s) initialization
#asm("sei")
while(1) ;
}
***********************************************************
//Example: 12 Timer 1 Input Capture (ICP)
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#define pulse_out PORTB
#define icp PIND.6
unsigned char ov_counter; //counter for timer 1 overflow
unsigned int rising_edge,falling_edge; // storage for times
unsigned long pulse_clocks; //storage for actual clock counts in the pulse
interrupt [TIM1_OVF] void timer1_ovf_isr(void) //timer 1
{
ov_counter ++; //increment counter when overflow occurs
}
interrupt[TIM1_CAPT] void tiemr1_capt_isr(void) //timer 1 input
{
if(icp)
{
rising_edge=ICR1L; //save start time for pulse
TCCR1B=TCCR1B & 0xBF; //set to trigger on falling edge next
ov_counter =0; // clear overflow counter for this measurement
}
else{
falling_edge=ICR1L; //save falling edge time
TCCR1B=TCCR1B |0X40; //set rising edge
pulse_clocks=(unsigned long)falling_edge-(unsigned long)rising_edge +(unsigned long)ov_counter*0x10000;
pulse_out=pulse_clocks/500; //output milliseconds to PORTC
}
}
void main(void)
{
DDRB=0XFF; //set port c for output
TCCR1B=0XC2; //timer 1 input to clock/8
TIMSK=0X24; //unmask timer overflow and capture interrupts
#asm("sei") //enable global interrupt bit
while(1)
; //DO NOTHING
}
****************************************************************
//Example: 13 Timer 1 output compare-A interrupt service routine
****************************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
interrupt [TIM1_COMPA] void timer1_compa_isr(void)
{
OCR1A=OCR1A+25; //set to next match (toggle) point
}
void main(void)
{
DDRD=0x20; // set OC1A bit for output
TCCR1A=0x40; // set prescaler to clock/8 (1 us clocks)
TCCR1B=0x02; //enable output compare mode to toggle OC1A pin on match
TIMSK=0x10; //unmask output compare match interrupt for register A
#asm("sei") //set global interrupt bit
while(1)
;// do nothing
}
****************************************************************
//Example: 14 Timer 1 Output Compare PWM
****************************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#define PWM_select (PINC &3)
void main(void)
{
unsigned int olddat;
PORTC=0x03; //enable the internal pull-ups for in the input bits
TCCR1A=0x91; //compare A fdor non-inverted PWM and 8 bit resoultion
TCCR1B=0x02; //clock /8 prescaler
while(1)
{
if (PWM_select !=olddat)
{
olddat=PWM_select; // save toggle switch value
{
switch (PWM_select)
{
case 0:
OCR1A=25; //10 %duty cycle desired
break;
case 1:
OCR1A= 51; // 20% duty cycle desired
break;
case 2:
OCR1A= 76; //30 % duty cycle desired
break;
case 3:
OCR1A=102; // 40% duty cycle desired
break;
}
} }}}
***********************************************************
//Example: 15 Watchdog Timer
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
void main(void)
{
DDRD=0x00;
DDRB=0x0F;
WDTCR = 0xB; //enable WDT and set to 120 ms timeout
while(1)
{
#asm("wdr") //reset the watchdog timer
if(PIND.2==0) //if true disable the WDT
{
WDTCR = 0x18; //set both WDE and WDTOE
WDTCR = 0x00; // clear WDE
PORTB.1=1;
}
{
PORTB.2=0x1;
} } }
***********************************************************
//Example: 16 UART by Polling display on PC terminal
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int i;
char a;
void main(void)
{
// Communication Parameters: 8 Data, 1 Stop, No Parity
// USART Receiver: On
// USART Transmitter: On
// USART Mode: Asynchronous
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x18;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33; // USART Baud Rate: 9600
printf("Embedded Systems by Dr. Y S Rao");
scanf("%d",&i);
if(i==1)
{
printf("one is entered");
}
while(1)
{
scanf("%c",&a);
switch(a)
{
case 'a':
printf("A is entered");
break;
case 'b':
printf("B is entered");
break;
}
}}
***********************************************************
//Example: 17 UART FLASH memory and PC terminal display
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
unsigned char qcntr,sndcntr,ch;
unsigned char queue[70];
flash char * flash msg[3]={"that was a","that was b","that was c"};
interrupt [USART_TXC] void usart_tx_isr(void)
{
if (qcntr != sndcntr) UDR=queue[sndcntr++];
}
void sendmsg (flash char *s)
{
qcntr=0;
sndcntr=1;
queue[qcntr++]=0x0d;
queue[qcntr++]=0x0a;
while (*s)queue[qcntr++]=*s++;
UDR=queue[0];
}
void main(void)
{
// Communication Parameters: 8 Data, 1 Stop, No Parity
// USART Receiver: On
// USART Transmitter: On
// USART Mode: Asynchronous
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x18;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33; // USART Baud Rate: 9600
#asm("sei")
while (1)
{
if (UCSRA & 0x80)
{
ch=UDR;
switch(ch)
{
case 'a':
sendmsg(msg[0]);
break;
case 'b':
sendmsg(msg[1]);
break;
case 'c':
sendmsg(msg[2]);
break;
}}} }
***********************************************************
//Example: 18 UART Flash/RAM and PC terminal display
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
unsigned char qcntr,sndcntr,ch;
unsigned char queue[70];
flash char * flash msg1[15]={"that was a"};
flash char * flash msg2[15]={"that was b"};
flash char * flash msg3[15]={"that was c"};
//char msg2[]={"that was b"};
//char msg3[]={"that was neither b nor a"};
flash char * flash msg4[30]={"that was neither b nor a nor c"};
interrupt [USART_TXC] void usart_tx_isr(void)
{
if (qcntr != sndcntr) UDR=queue[sndcntr++];
}
void sendmsg (flash char *s)
{
qcntr=0;
sndcntr=1;
queue[qcntr++]=0x0d;
queue[qcntr++]=0x0a;
while (*s)queue[qcntr++]=*s++;
UDR=queue[0];
}
void main(void)
{
// Communication Parameters: 8 Data, 1 Stop, No Parity
// USART Receiver: On
// USART Transmitter: On
// USART Mode: Asynchronous
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x18;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33; // USART Baud Rate: 9600
#asm("sei")
while (1)
{
if (UCSRA & 0x80)
{
ch=UDR;
switch(ch)
{
case 'a':
sendmsg(msg1[0]);
break;
case 'b':
sendmsg(msg2[0]);
break;
case 'c':
sendmsg(msg3[0]);
break;
default:
sendmsg(msg4[0]);
}}} }
***********************************************************
//Example: 19 UART polling data display string on LCD
***********************************************************
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x15
#endasm
#include <mega8535.h>
#include <lcd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <DELAY.h>
char *a;
int y;
void main(void)
{
// Communication Parameters: 8 Data, 1 Stop, No Parity
// USART Receiver: On
// USART Transmitter: On
// USART Mode: Asynchronous
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x18;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33; // USART Baud Rate: 9600
lcd_init(16);
lcd_clear();
while (1)
{
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
gets(a,16);
y=strlen(a);
printf("%d",y);
lcd_puts(a);
}
}
***********************************************************
//Example: 20 UART INTO
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
flash char s[6]="Dr. Y S Rao";
interrupt [EXT_INT0] void ext_int0_isr(void)
{
PORTB=PORTB^0x1; //toggle the LSB of port B
putsf("s");
//putsf("Dr. Y S Rao");
}
#include <stdio.h>
void main(void)
{
PORTB=0x00;
DDRB=0x01;
// External Interrupt(s) initialization
// INT0: On
// INT0 Mode: Falling Edge
// INT1: Off
// INT2: Off
GICR|=0x40;
MCUCR=0x02;
MCUCSR=0x00;
GIFR=0x40;
// Communication Parameters: 8 Data, 1 Stop, No Parity
// USART Receiver: Off
// USART Transmitter: On
// USART Mode: Asynchronous
// USART Baud rate: 9600
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x08;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33;
// Global enable interrupts
#asm("sei")
while (1)
;
}
***********************************************************
//Example: 21 ADC data on PORTB
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#include <delay.h>
#define ADC_VREF_TYPE 0x00
interrupt [ADC_INT] void adc_isr(void)
{
PORTB=(unsigned char) ~(ADCW>>2);
delay_ms(20);
ADCSRA|=0x40;
}
void main(void)
{
PORTB=0xFF; // all outputs
DDRB=0x00; // all LEDs are initially off
// ADC Clock frequency: 1000.000 kHz
// ADC Voltage Reference: AREF pin
// ADC High Speed Mode: Off
// ADC Auto Trigger Source: None
ADMUX=ADC_VREF_TYPE & 0xff;
ADCSRA=0x8B;
SFIOR&=0xEF;
ADCSRA|=0x40;
#asm("sei")
while (1);
}
***********************************************************
//Example: 22 ADC peak value on LCD
***********************************************************
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x18 ;PORTB
#endasm
#include <lcd.h>
#include <mega32.h>
#include <delay.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#define ADC_VREF_TYPE 0x40
unsigned char s;//to pass analog input value
float peak=0,temp,arr[50];
int i=1;
char lcd_volt[7];
float read_adc(unsigned char adc_input)
{
delay_ms(10);
ADCSRA|=0x40;
while ((ADCSRA & 0x10)==0);
ADCSRA|=0x10;
return ADCW;
}
void main(void)
{
ADCSRA=0x85;
#asm("sei")
lcd_init(16);
while(1){
lcd_clear();
ADMUX=0x00;
while(i<50)
{
arr[i++]= read_adc(s);
}
for(i=1;i<50;i++)
{
if(arr[i]>peak)
peak=arr[i];
}
ftoa(peak,2,lcd_volt); // Float to character conversion upto 2 decimal places..
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_putsf("peak voltage =>>");
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(lcd_volt); //lcd_volt is array
delay_ms(200);
i=0;
peak=0;
}
}
***********************************************************
//Example: 23 ADC data on UART PC Terminal
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <delay.h>
unsigned int snd;
#define ADC_VREF_TYPE 0x40
int read_adc(unsigned char adc_input)
{
ADMUX=adc_input;
ADCSRA|=0x40;
while ((ADCSRA & 0x10)==0);
ADCSRA|=0x10;
return ADCW;
}
void main(void)
{
char ch;
unsigned char mux;
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0xD8;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33;
ADCSRA=0x86;
#asm("sei")
while(1)
{
ch=UDR;
if(ch=='a' || ch=='b')
{
switch(ch)
{
case 'a':
mux=0;
break;
case 'b':
mux=1;
break;
}
snd=read_adc(mux);
printf("-%d",snd);
delay_ms(2000);
}
else
{
ch=' ';
continue;
}}}
***********************************************************
//Example: 24 analog comparator
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
interrupt [ANA_COMP] void ana_comp_isr(void){
PORTB.1=0; //light the LED
}
void main()
{
DDRB=0x02; //set bit 1 for output
PORTB=0x02; //start with LED off
ACSR=0x0A; //enable analog comp, interrupt ,falling edge
#asm("sei") // set global interrupt enable bit
while(1)
; //do nothing
}
***********************************************************
//Example: 25 SPI data Transmission
***********************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#define SPI_output_data PORTC
#define SPI_input_data PIND
interrupt [SPI_STC] void spi_isr()
{
SPI_output_data=SPDR; //read out new data received
SPDR=SPI_input_data; // load new data to start SPI transmission
}
void main()
{
PORTB=0X40; //PULL UP ON MISO
DDRB=0XB0; //SCLK,MOSI , SS=OUTPUT
DDRC=0XFF; //ALL OP
PORTD=0XFF; //PULL UPS FOR DIP SWITCH
SPCR=0XD0; //ENABLE SPI,AND ITS INTERRUPT
#asm
in r30,spsr //SPI Interrupt enable
in r30,spdr
#endasm
#asm("sei") //global enable interrupts
SPDR = 0x00; //start SPI communication
while(1)
;
}
***************************************************
//Project: 1 Bluetooth Initialization
***************************************************
DDRD.5=0x1;
PORTD.5=0x0; // Hardware Initialization
delay_ms(1000);
PORTD.5=0x1;
delay_ms(1000);
printf("AT+UARTCONFIG,9600,N,1,0 \r");
printf("ATS10=0 \r");
printf("AT+BTMODE,3 \r");
printf("AT+BTSCAN \r");
***************************************************
// Project: 2 Bluetooth as a master
***************************************************
DDRC.3=0x1; //Reset to Bluetooth
PORTC.3=0x0;
delay_ms(2000);
PORTC.3=0x1;
delay_ms(2000);
printf("AT+UARTCONFIG,9600,N,1,0 \r");
printf("ATS10=0 \r");
printf("ATD000195091DEE \r"); // Slave ESD Number
delay_ms(2000);
DDRA.0=0x1;
DDRA.2=0X0;
DDRA.6=0X1;
DDRA.7=0X1;
lcd_clear();
lcd_putsf("Started ");
PORTA.6=0X1;
PORTA.7=0X0;
delay_ms(2000);
if (PINA.2==0) //Status Pin
{
PORTA.6=0X0;
PORTA.7=0X1;
lcd_clear();
lcd_putsf("Master sending ");
printf("b");
***************************************************
// Project: 3 Bluetooth as a slave
***************************************************
DDRC.3=0x1; //Reset to Bluetooth
PORTC.3=0x0;
delay_ms(2000);
PORTC.3=0x1;
delay_ms(2000);
printf("AT+UARTCONFIG,9600,N,1,0 \r");
printf("ATS10=0 \r");
printf("AT+BTMODE,3 \r");
printf("AT+BTSCAN \r");
delay_ms(2000);
DDRA.0=0X1;
DDRA.2=0X0;
DDRA.6=0X1;
DDRA.7=0X1;
lcd_clear();
lcd_putsf("Sl start ");
PORTA.6=0X1;
PORTA.7=0x0;
delay_ms(2000);
if(PINA.2==0)
{
PORTA.6=0X0;
PORTA.7=0X1;
lcd_clear();
lcd_putsf("Sl Receving ");
}
while (1)
{
scanf("%c",&a);
switch(a)
{
case 'a':
lcd_putsf("A is entered");
break;
case 'b':
lcd_putsf("B is entered");
break;
}
****************************************************
//Project: 4 Program to send a SMS using GSM Modem
****************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x15 ;PORTC
#endasm
#include <lcd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <delay.h>
void main(void)
{
unsigned char a[50],b[50];//,c[16],d[16],e[16],temp1[100], strlength[2], temp2[16];
unsigned char str0[]="AT";
unsigned char str1[]="OK";
unsigned char str2[]={'A','T','+','C','M','G','S','=','"','9','8','2','0','9','6','2','8','7','0','"',';'};
unsigned char str3[]={'Y','S','R','A','O',0x1A};
PORTA=0x00;
DDRA=0x0F;
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x18;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33;
lcd_init(16);
puts(str0); //Cheecking if AT commands are working
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(b,16); //Input from UDR (OK)
delay_ms(1000);
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str0);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(a); //Display the response on LCD
delay_ms(5000);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(b); //Display the response on LCD
delay_ms(5000);
lcd_clear();
if(strncmp(b,str1,2)==0)
{
puts(str2);
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
delay_ms(1000);
puts(str3);
lcd_puts(str3);
};
}
******************************************************
// Project: 5 Program to call a person using GSM
******************************************************
#include <mega8535.h>
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x15 ;PORTC
#endasm
#include <lcd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <delay.h>
// Declare your global variables here
void main(void)
{
unsigned char a[50];
unsigned char str0[]="AT";
unsigned char str1[]={'a','t','d',' ','9','8','2','0','9','6','2','8','7','0',';','\0'};
PORTA=0x00;
DDRA=0x0F;
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x18;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33;
lcd_init(16);
puts(str0); //Cheecking if AT commands are working
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (OK)
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str0);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(a); //Display the response on LCD
delay_ms(5000);
lcd_clear();
puts(str1);
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,50);
gets(a,50);
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str1);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(a); //Display the response on LCD
delay_ms(5000);
}
**************************************************************************
// Project: 6 Program to receive SMS through GSM and compare with string
**************************************************************************
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x15
#endasm
#include <mega8535.h>
#include <lcd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <delay.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main(void)
{
unsigned char a[16],b[16],c[16],d[16],e[16],temp1[100], strlength[2], temp2[16];
int i,length;
unsigned char str0[] = "AT";
unsigned char str1[]="ATE0"; //Echo off
unsigned char str2[]="OK";
unsigned char str3[]="+CMTI:"; //Indication of new mesg
unsigned char Msg[]="ysrao"; //String
unsigned char str5[]="AT+CMGR=1"; //To read the sms
unsigned char str6[]="AT+CMGF=1"; //To set text mode
unsigned char str7[]="AT+CMGD=1";
for(i=0;i<=100;i++)
{
a[i]=b[i]=c[i]=d[i]=temp1[i]=temp2[i]=0;
}
PORTA=0x00;
DDRA=0x01;
PORTB=0x00;
DDRB=0x00;
PORTC=0x00;
DDRC=0x00;
PORTD=0x00;
DDRD=0x00;
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x18;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33;
lcd_init(16);
while(1)
{
PORTA=0x00;
puts(str0); //Cheecking if AT commands are working
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (OK)
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str0);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(a); //Display the response on LCD
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
if(strncmp(a,str2,2)==0)
{
lcd_clear();
puts(str1); //Echo off
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(b,16); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(b,16); //Input from UDR (OK)
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str1);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(b); //Display the response on LCD
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
puts(str6);
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(d,16);
gets(d,16);
lcd_puts(str6);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1) ;
lcd_puts(d);
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
while(1)
{
PORTA=0x00;
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_putsf("Waiting... ");
gets(c,16); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(c,16); //Waiting for the sms
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
delay_ms(1000);
lcd_puts(c);
delay_ms(1000);
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
if(strncmp(c,str3,6)==0)
{
lcd_clear();
puts(str5);
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
gets(e,16);
gets(temp1,100); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(temp2,16); //The Message
lcd_puts(str5);
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
lcd_putsf("Reading Message...");
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
length=strlen(temp2);
itoa(length,strlength);
lcd_puts(strlength);
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
for(i=0;i<strlen(temp2);i++)
{
lcd_putchar(temp2[i]);
}
delay_ms(5000);
lcd_clear();
if(strncmp(temp2,Msg,strlen(Msg))==0 && strlen(temp2)==(strlen(Msg)+1))
{
PORTA=0x01;
lcd_putsf("Correct message");
delay_ms(1000);
}
else
{
lcd_putsf("wrong message");
delay_ms(1000);
}
puts(str7); //Delete the sms
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,16);
gets(a,16);
lcd_clear();
delay_ms(500);
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(a);
delay_ms(1000);
}
}
}
};
}
**********************************************************
// Project: 7 Program to send and receive SMS
**********************************************************
#asm
.equ __lcd_port=0x15
#endasm
#include <mega8535.h>
#include <lcd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <delay.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main(void)
{
unsigned char a[16],temp1[100], strlength[2], temp2[16];
int i,length;
unsigned char str0[] = "AT";
unsigned char str1[]="ATE0"; //Echo off
unsigned char str2[]="OK";
unsigned char str3[]="+CMTI:"; //Indication of new mesg
unsigned char Msg[]="ysrao"; //String
unsigned char str5[]="AT+CMGR=1"; //To read the sms
unsigned char str6[]="AT+CMGF=1"; //To set text mode
unsigned char str7[]="AT+CMGD=1";
unsigned char str8[]={'A','T','+','C','M','G','S','=','"','9','8','2','0','9','6','2','8','7','0','"',';'};
unsigned char str9[]="LED is on\0";
unsigned char str10[]="LED is off\0";
for(i=0;i<=100;i++)
{
a[i]=temp1[i]=temp2[i]=0;
}
PORTA=0x00;
DDRA=0x01;
PORTB=0x00;
DDRB=0x00;
PORTC=0x00;
DDRC=0x00;
PORTD=0x00;
DDRD=0x00;
UCSRA=0x00;
UCSRB=0x18;
UCSRC=0x86;
UBRRH=0x00;
UBRRL=0x33;
lcd_init(16);
PORTA=0x00;
puts(str0); //Cheecking if AT commands are working
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (OK)
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str0);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(a); //Display the response on LCD
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
if(strncmp(a,str2,2)==0)
{
lcd_clear();
puts(str1); //Echo off
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (OK)
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str1);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(a); //Display the response on LCD
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
puts(str6);
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,16);
gets(a,16);
lcd_puts(str6);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1) ;
lcd_puts(a);
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
while(1)
{
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_putsf("Waiting... ");
gets(a,16); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(a,16); //Waiting for the sms
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
delay_ms(1000);
lcd_puts(a);
delay_ms(1000);
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
if(strncmp(a,str3,6)==0)
{
lcd_clear();
puts(str5);
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
gets(a,16);
gets(temp1,100); //Input from UDR (carriage return)
gets(temp2,16); //The Message
lcd_puts(str5);
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
lcd_putsf("Reading Message...");
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
length=strlen(temp2);
itoa(length,strlength);
lcd_puts(strlength);
delay_ms(10000);
lcd_clear();
for(i=0;i<strlen(temp2);i++)
{
lcd_putchar(temp2[i]);
}
delay_ms(5000);
lcd_clear();
if(strncmp(temp2,Msg,strlen(Msg))==0 && strlen(temp2)==(strlen(Msg)+1))
{
PORTA=0x01;
lcd_putsf("Correct message");
delay_ms(1000);
puts(str8);
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
delay_ms(1000);
puts(str9);
putchar(0x1A);
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str8);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(str9);
lcd_clear();
}
else
{
PORTA=0x00;
lcd_putsf("wrong message");
delay_ms(1000);
puts(str8);
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
delay_ms(1000);
puts(str10);
putchar(0x1A);
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(str8);
lcd_gotoxy(0,1);
lcd_puts(str10);
lcd_clear();
}
puts(str7); //Delete the sms
putchar(0x0D); //Enter
putchar(0x0A); //Line feed
gets(a,16);
gets(a,16);
lcd_clear();
lcd_gotoxy(0,0);
lcd_puts(a);
delay_ms(1000);
lcd_clear();
} } } }
**********************************************************
// Project: 8 DC Servo Motor Control
**********************************************************
#include <mega88.h>
#include <delay.h>
interrupt [TIM1_COMPA] void timer1_compa_isr(void)
{
PORTD=0xFF;
}
interrupt [TIM1_COMPB] void timer1_compb_isr(void)
{
PORTD=0x00;
}
void main(void)
{
#pragma optsize-
CLKPR=0x80;
CLKPR=0x00;
#ifdef _OPTIMIZE_SIZE_
#pragma optsize+
#endif
DDRD=0xFF; // Port B data direction configuration as output port.
TCCR1A=0x03; //fast PWM mode prescaller 8
TCCR1B=0x1A;
TCNT1H=0x00; //start count from 00
TCNT1L=0x00;
OCR1AH=0x9c;
OCR1AL=0x40;
OCR1BH=0x07; //0 degrees Initial Position
OCR1BL=0xd0;
TIMSK1=0x06; //Timer(s)/Counter(s) Interrupt(s) initialization
DDRD=0xFF;
#asm("sei")
while (1)
{
delay_ms(3000);
OCR1BH=0x06; // 45 degree -1
OCR1BL=0x65;
delay_ms(3000);
OCR1BH=0x03; // 90 degree -2
OCR1BL=0xE8;
delay_ms(3000);
OCR1BH=0x07; // 0 degree Initial Position -3
OCR1BL=0xd0;
delay_ms(3000);
};
}
**********************************************************
// Project: 9 DC Servo Motor Control with delay program
**********************************************************
#include <mega88.h>
#include <delay.h>
void main(void)
{
#pragma optsize-
CLKPR=0x80;
CLKPR=0x00;
#ifdef _OPTIMIZE_SIZE_
#pragma optsize+
#endif
PORTD=0x00;
DDRD.3=0x1;
PORTD.3=0x1;
delay_us(388); //0 degrees
PORTD.3=0x0;
delay_ms(1000);
PORTD.3=0x1;
delay_us(1264); //90 degrees
PORTD.3=0x0;
delay_ms(1000);
PORTD.3=0x1;
delay_us(2140); //180 degrees
PORTD.3=0x0;
delay_ms(1000);
PORTD.3=0x1;
delay_us(1264); //90 degrees
PORTD.3=0x0;
delay_ms(1000);
while (1)
{
};
}