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European Year of Creativity and InnovationSantander – UIMP 20 – 21 Augustus 2009
Key Competences for times of crisis
“Sense of Initiative and Entrepreneurship”
Dr Martin HinoulBusiness Development Manager
Knowledge Economy Region Leuven
Santander, August 20, 2009
An Entrepreneurial Society
“The rise of the entrepreneur, which has been gathering speed over the past 30 years, is not just about economics.
It also reflects profound changes in attitudes to everything from individual careers to the social contract.
It signals the birth of an entrepreneurial society”
-The Economist- March 14, 2009
The World became Flat…(Friedman)
And the business became global…M
arke
t V
alue
G
DP
EU
EU - U.S
2000
EU - U.S – Asia- BRIC
1900
customers0.5 billion 1 billion 2 billion
year
60 trillion $
Europe has no raw materials
The World became Flat, but …
And Europe has no energy resources
Therefore innovation becomes extremeley important
•Innovation is important for economic growth: 50% since World War II66% in the 90’s
90 % in the 21th century
• Lisbon 2010: Europe should bring the R&D effort from 2 to 3% A difficult mission ( a shortage of 110 billion Euro and a shortage of 700.000 scientists and engineers)
• Finland 3,49% ; Nl 1,94%; UK 1,93%; Fr 2,2; It 1,07; Sp 0,97%; Po 0,65%; Ro 0,39%; Bg 0,47%….US 2,8%
From Productivity to Innovation
Golden Sixties :
Productivity (labour intensive)
Seventies :
Quality (skill intensive)
Eighties :
Flexibility (capital & technology intensive)
Nineties :
Innovation (knowledge intensive)
21st Century :
90% will come from Innovation
"The literature on innovation is longer than my arm. (…)
It can be summarized as follows : innovation is either a machine or a magic garden. If it's a machine, companies should design it, oil it, power it up, and manage it.
If it's a garden, companies should create conditions under which it can flourish, and then let the magic occur.
Innovation is both of course."
-Thomas A. Stewart (*)- Fortune magazine, 5 mars 2001
(*) : Author of "Intellectual capital – The new wealth of organizations", Nicholas Brealey Publishing, 1997
10
Source: World Bank Institute
Knowledge economy index• Economic incentive
regime
• Education
• Innovation
• ICT
Belgium
“In the twenty-first century, brainpower and imagination,
invention, and the organization of new technologies are the key
strategic ingredients.”
- Lester Thurow- Professor MIT -
12
“ In a knowledge-based economy growth is inextricably linked to the capacity for innovation – the ability to transform knowledge and ideas into new products, processes or services. Healthy and innovative regional economies are the foundation of a nation’s competitiveness”
-Deborah L. Wince-Smith
President Council on Competitiveness
The New Economy or the knowledge economy regions
The European Technology Dilemma
The technology gap (10 yrs) w
ith the U
S is still not decreasing
The technology gap w
ith China and
India (20 yrs) is shrinking every month
From Lisbon 2000 to…
70% of the active population should be employed 3% of GDP should go to R&D And Europe should be the strongest Knowledge Economy in the
world
Innovation and Lisbon 2010New faces – Results?
INNOVATION IS CHANGING
Faster, Faster, Faster
19
Source: Joseph Jacobsen
It requires a wider collaboration across disciplines and specialties (multidisciplinary approach)
21
The concept of Intellectual Property is being reexamined in the light of these collaborative demands
Intellectual Property
It requires a wider collaboration of Knowledge Economy regions
Three Regional Centers growing together, increasing the overall size of the pie
Taiwan
Silicon Valley China
Collaboration of Knowledge Economy Regions
The trend is clearly towards
“open innovation”
The guru of Open Innovation – Henry Chesbrough
Innovation requires the
“triple helix” approach
The Triple Helix
Is the complex between three actors
The Government The Industry The Knowledge Centers
Knowledge creationKnowledge diffusion
Knowledge exploitation
Triple Helix is about:
In Conclusion:
Faster, Faster, Faster
It requires wider collaboration across disciplines and specialties (multidisciplinary approach)
The concept of intellectual property is being reexamined in the light of these collaborative demands
It requires a wider collaboration of regions The trend is towards “open innovation” It requires a “triple helix” approach
Need for an Integrated Perspective on Innovation
33
1. Innovation is about :
Blending Creativity, Opportunity and Organization
It is both Content and Process
Creativity is the starting point and a necessary condition
Linking Creativity to Opportunity is the key for progress
Linking an Idea and an Opportunity (a different order of difficulty and complexity)
Seeking the Opportunity is the hardest part of the innovation job
Opportunities should therefore always be Relevant to a Particular use, or Specific application, generating value to users”
Some people more inclined than others to spot and assess opportunities
Once the link between opportunity and organization is obvious a lot of hard work remains to be done
And requires an adequate Organizational approach
2. Innovation is about :
Blending creativity, opportunity and organization needs special kind of persons
The credible champion willing to go for it against all odds – the Entrepreneur
Entrepreneurs have an instinct for positioning themselves at the nexus (liaison) of creativity and opportunity
Willing to assume the risks and uncertainties that come along
Prepared to deliver the 99% perspiration to conclude the job
3. Innovation is about :
Companies who innovate in order to differentiate so that they can build a longer lasting competitive edge
Even cooperation is a form of competition
Without competition no innovation, without innovation no competition - Co competition
Innovation never ends
Open Innovation is just a different dimension of the competitive process
4. Innovation is about :
Requiring the proper legal context
Clear intellectual property policies and frameworks are a condition sine qua non
In a Knowledge economy, Knowledge has become a major production factor
As a consequence, there is a need for means to adequately articulate, protect and transfer knowledge within or outside the boundaries of the organization
The European Technology DilemmaUS versus Europe
The technology gap (10 yrs) w
ith the U
S is still not decreasing
40
A nation which depends upon others for its new basic scientific knowledge will be slow in its industrial progress and weak in its competitive position in world trade
Science, the endless frontier – Vannevar Bush 1945
Old and New Halls of Fame
Pittsburg
Seattle
San Diego
Silicon Valley
It is a new Form of Culture
CULTURE
All things are possible attitude
Risk Taking Scott McNealy-Sun
Co-competition
Stock options
Based on Meritocracy
Time for the next big thing
Cross-pollination
Cross-investments
State of mind
Failure Badge of meritJumping on the Next Curve (Oracle)
Networking
Inflection Point (Andy Grove)
Repeaters (Reinvention)
“The story of Silicon Valley is not “e,” but “i,”, not electronic commerce but innovation and imagination. What distinguishes many of these companies is not their technical prowess but their imagination. They are young, hungry, and totally devoid of tradition. It is the power of “i,”, rather than “e,” that separates the winners from the losers in the twenty-first-century economy.”
“Silicon Valley is not a place, but a metaphor for unfettered imagination, rampant experimentation, and an utter lack of nostalgia.”
Leading the Revolution Gary Hamel
Stanford – Fred Terman
Silicon Valley – A complex Network of Clusters
Nano-electronics
Internet – Google – e-Bay –Yahoo-Amazon.com
Semiconductors – Shockley - Intel
Software -Oracle
Computers – Apple - Sun
Electronics – Hewlett Packard - Varian
Networks – Cisco (Bosack,Lerner& Troiano -1984)
2005
2000
1980
1975
1955
1939R
oute 101 – Route 280 - S
tate of m
ind
VC
– Kleiner P
erkins Caulfield…
NA
SD
AQ
Silicon V
alley Joint Venture N
etwork
Stanford U
niversity – UC
SF
- Berkley
Clean Technology
ShockleyTerman
A network of professors, entrepreneurs, venture capitalists, Nobel Prize winners and role models
Steve Jobs
Scott McNeally
John Chambers
Larry EllisonLarry PageSergey Brin
Pierre OmidyarS. Boyer
Jerry YangJeff Bezos Edw. McCracken Jerry Sanders
Sig en Rus Varian
Gordon Campbell
Hewlett&Packard
Silicon Valley Is a “network” and a “state of mind” (Felix Theeuwes – Durect
Corporation) Is a network effect that transcends national boundaries (Wim
Roelandts – voorzitter Xilinx) Regional centers growing together increasing the overall “Pie” (Wim
Roelandts Xilinx)
Stanford University 1891
Two Examples
1. Steve Jobs – Apple Computer
2. Larry Page & Sergey Brin - Google
48
Steve Jobs and Apple
Steve Jobs – Apple Computer (1)
“Mr Jobs is most celebrated for his sense of product design, his marketing acumen and, especially, his ability to execute on visions that have transformed three industries: personal computing, music and telephones.”
- Financial Times-
July 2009
50
Larry Page & Sergey Brin – Google (2)
“Moscow -born Sergey Brin and Midwest-born Larry Page dropped out of graduate school at Stanford University to, in their own words, “change the world” through a powerful search engine that would organize every bit of information on the Web for free. The Google Story takes you deep inside the company’s wild ride from an idea that struggled for funding in 1998 to a firm that rakes in billions in profits, making Brin and Page the wealthiest young men in America. Based on scrupulous research and extraordinary access to Google, this fast-moving narrative reveals how an unorthodox management
style and culture of innovation enabled a search engine to shake up Madison Avenue and Wall Street”
-The Google Story-
David A. Vise
51
Larry Page and Sergey Brin
The Google Story
The European Technology DilemmaEurope versus Asia
The technology gap w
ith China and
India (20 yrs) is shrinking every month
Knowledge Economy Regions in Asia
India, a Rising Elephant
From terracotta statues in Xi’an (emperor Qin Shi) to …
…a new economic superpower?
Which Superpower?
And what about good old Europe?
? *
European Knowledge
Economy Regions
?
European Knowledge Economy Regions
Cambridge the better example in Europe
Cambridge
source: Cambridge 2020 report - 1998
The East of England RegionSilicon Valley Scale – Lots of space for Growth
The Oxford to Cambridge Arc – ‘Inspiring Innovation for Britain’
2
Down the A34
London:‘Finance and
GlobalConnections’
(plus itsUniversities)
Heathrow ‘Growth Area’
O2C
Arc
– IP
Ally
‘Hug
e Br
ainp
ower
’
Thames Valley‘Industry and Commercialisation’
Along the M11
Oxford
Cambridge
Global connectivity
Stanstedand the ‘Herts’
Pharmas
The ‘Golden Triangle’ of the UK
“…the only way to compete is to concentrate resources in regions that are strong….” Martin Rigby. MD, ET Capital, Cambridge Lecture, 2006
Some 75% of all VC funds found a home here in 2006
Leuven
The Leuven ModelKnowledge Transfer and
Collaboration
In an old young city
Some important data for the Leuven Region
1366 Brewery Stella Artois (now Inbev)
1425 University of Leuven
1972 KU Leuven R&D
1984 IMEC
1997 Gemma Frisius Fund
Qu
ality of L
ife
Kn
ow
led
ge
cent
ers
Entrepreneurs
Role Models
Money
Capital Markets
Infrastru
ctureC
lust
er P
olic
y
International C
ies
Networks
Government
The Value Chain*
Knowledge Centers Entrepreneurs & Role Models Money Capital Markets Infrastructure Cluster Policy Presence of International
Companies Networks Government Quality of Life
* Gibbons – Saxenian - Hinoul
Transfer Cell K.U.Leuven R&D
© 2007 LRD
K.U.Leuven Research & Development received the
2008 IPTEC Tech Transfer Award
Nominated:
• K.U.Leuven R&D (Winner 2008)• Columbia University (USA)
• Imperial Innovations (UK)
• MIT (USA)
• Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (USA)
Received the award :
• 2006 : Stanford University (USA)
• 2007 : Tsinghua University (China)
© 2007 LRD
Dual incentive mechanism to maintain a balance and healthy tension between striving for scientific excellence and gearing this excellence towards application and innovation.
Faculties, departments, research groups:international quality in research,
teaching performance
LRD divisions/projectsContract autonomy &flexibility incentives
LRD Research Divisions
© 2007 LRD
• At the moment (2009) 85 spin-off companies (exploiting university research results) are active, creating employment of >2.200 employees.
Spin-off companies
•6 successful IPO’s are established
Imec and the World’s Largest Industry Commitment to Semiconductor Research in Partnership
Imec and the World’s Largest Industry Commitment to Semiconductor Research in Partnership
LamRESEARCH
STMicroelectronics
IMEC
Micro-elektronicaNanotechnologie
TelematicaCommunicatie
E-security
Mechatronica
Feed – food- health
Lifesciences
L-SEC
DSP-Valley
Leuven.Inc
Cluster Policy
The concept
Economy Region
Ingredients
The Old Economy
Economy Region
Ingredients
Universiteit
INBEV
KBC-groep
The New Economy
Economy Region
CompaniesIngredients
Cluster Formation
Economy Region
ClustersIngredients
Sweepers
and Recipe
Martin Hinoul’s BouillabaisseIngredients and Recipe
Source Fortune – Sept 26,2005Campbell Soup 1935
Micro-elektronica - nanotechnologie
Telindus
Tyco Electronics
Luciad
Tomoton
Micro Matic
Delcomp
Data4S
Mind LinuxSolutions
LMS
Krypton
IPCOS
Assurcard
A.C.S. Belgium
B.E.S.T.
Eyetronics
Cypress Semi
FillFactory
STM
Agilent Techn.
J.W.Lemmens
Philips ITCL
Septentrio
ASM Belgium
Target Compiler Techn.
EasicsCoWare
AnSem
Epiq Sensor Nite
Oligosense
Xenics
Photovoltec
Vector International
JSR Electronics
ICOS Vision Systems
Newfrom
Option International
Vivactiss
Eonic Systems
Resonext
ARM
Soltech
KULeuvenIMEC
K.U.LeuvenLab Photochemistry & Spectroscopy
Lab of Solid-state Physics & Magnetism
IMECSub-45nm research facilityNanotechnology Platform
Design platform
Kenniscentra
Centers of excellence
Pure innovatievebedrijven
Mixed innovatievebedrijven
Biotest SeralcoBenelux
TerumoEurope
Autocyte Europe
Conti BPC
Ortec
VWR InternationalCentocor
Malaise&co
IVIA
MedvisionBenelux
Norgine
Dermat
E.S.R.I.Deckers Div
Dakocytomation
Cochlear
M-Elect
Custom8
@Medical Techn.
New Standard Eng.
Materialise
MXS
QMedit
PatientWeb
Thrombogenics
ReMynd
Algonomics
BioTie Therapies Corp.
Tigenix
IDT(RNA-TEC)
Medicim
Life sciences in Leuven
K.U.LeuvenL-MTC
Univ hospitalsK.U.Leuven
Rega InstituteCEHA
Lab of Exp. Genetics & Transgenese
VIBVIGOUR
Kenniscentra
Centers of excellence
Puur innovatievebedrijven
Gemengd innovatievebedrijven
Diatos
Onco Methylome
Neurogenetics
FugeiaRegenesys
M4S
Formac Pharmaceuticals
CMPG
Quality of Life
1. Basis is a critical mass of high quality research - Knowledge
2. Create an appropriate entrepreneurial climate in a university context
3. Create a legal framework with respect to exploitation of academic research
4. Clear incentives and policies to encourage research groups and departments to actively seek knowledge transfer opportunities
5. Create a professional Interface Unit – An Integrated approach on research valorisation: multidisciplinary team & “high value” services
6. Create a Seed Capital and/or Venture Capital Fund
12 Lessons from Leuven
7. Foster spin-offs from your university research
8. Clear ownership of Intellectual Property
9. Improving awareness among federal, regional and local shareholders
10. Supporting a forum for business, academia, government and supporting organisations to build partnerships by sharing new ideas and best practices. Importance of the networks.
11. Focus on Focus and Enthusiasm
12. Quality of life
12 Lessons from Leuven
The Eindhoven – Leuven – Aachen Growth Model
ELAt
A European Region with Critical Mass
*•155 miljard € (2007 est. MH)•53 000 € toegevoegde waarde/werknemer
Qu
ality of L
ife
Kn
ow
led
ge
cent
ers
Entrepreneurs
Role Models
Money
Capital Markets
Infrastru
ctureC
lust
er P
olic
y
International C
ies
Networks
Government
A Region with the right ingredients
Knowledge Centers Entrepreneurs & Role Models Money Capital Markets Infrastructure Cluster Policy Presence of International
Companies Networks Government Quality of Life
Infrastructure
Quality of life
Capital Markets
Knowledge Centres
Quality of life
Capital m
arkets
Kno
wle
dge
Cen
tres
Close to the 3% Lisbon target ?
Infrastructures
Capital m
arkets
Quality of life
The Leuven Knowledge Pearl
High Tech campus Eindhoven
The DSM – Chemelot High Tech Campus
RWTH Aachen Campus
•15 Cluster
•10.000 new jobs
•2 billion € investment
Some facts and figures for the ELAt Triangle*
Technology and Materials
Food/Nutrition Life Sciences Total
Netherlands 127 000 92 000 19 000 238 000
Belgium 58 000 39 000 7000 104 000
Germany 104 000 58 000 16 000 178 000
Total 289 000 189 000 42 000 520 000**
* Source : Policy Research, Hochschule Niederrhein, Etil.
** 155 billion € - 2,8 million active population or 1 out of 5 jobs HAV-(est. MH)
Total Added Value
(billion €uro) 20 9 3 32
Total Added Value per employee 69 000 € 48 000 € 71 000 € 61 000 €
Prospects for the futureHow science will
revolutionize the 21st century
Jack Kilby – Integrated Circuit
Moore’s Law
•Transistor 1947
•Shockley 1955
•Fairchild 1957
•Intel 1968
114
35 Xenon atoms on a Ni substrate
There is plenty of room at the bottom
Richard Feynman
115
Bio Silicon – Bio Informatics (1st decade)
116
Nanoshells
Naomi Halas – Rice University
117
Nanofibers
• Nieuwsoortige Filters
• Opsporen van virussen en andere organismen, stofdeeltjes en plantensporen
• Budgetten van NIH en Center for disease control and prevention
• Juli 2004 Bio Shield-project
• DOD – Bioterrorisme (nine-eleven)
118
Nanotubes
Ion Channels – detectie specifieke materialen door aanleggen van elektrische spanning
Chemische fabriek op uw bureau
Het samenpersen van een chemisch productieproces op een plaatje zo groot als een creditcard (Process on a Chip, PoaC). Extreme veiligheid, veel kleiner, selectiever, mogelijkheid voor nieuwe produkten.
Japans consortium van 25 universiteiten en 40 bedrijven heeft haalbaarheid aangetoond van een emulsiepolymerisatieproces.
Nano-robot
Thomas Edison & Georges Eastman (1928)