Embedded ErlangDevelopment environment for Embedded Erlang

Fredrik Andersson, Niclas Axelsson, Fabian Bergström, Christoffer Ferm, Henrik Nordh, Gustav Simonsson

Erlang Solutions Ltd.

FSCONSGothenburg, November 2010

Erlang Solutions Ltd.

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Background

• Thesis projects– Uppsala University and Erlang Solutions

• Embedded Platform– OS platform for embedded devices

• Embedded Erlang– Erlang on embedded devices

• Erlang VM Extensions– Better hardware utilization

• Framework for data sharing– Automatic data sharing

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Motivation

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Erlang

• Development started 1987 at Ericsson Computer Science Lab. Released as opensource 1998, Ericsson is still the active maintainer

• Native support for SMP and Concurrency using message passing

• History in Telecom buisness. Designed with Robustness and Low Down Time in mind.

• Used by among others, Facebook (Facebook chat), T-Mobile (WAP, SMS), Klarna (e-commerce)

Embedded PlatformHenrik Nordh, Gustav Simonsson

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Embedded OS Usage

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Goals

• Minimal Linux system with Erlang and tools

• Different versions for different purposes

• Easy-to-install package

• Reduce time-to-productivity for embedded Erlang developers

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Metrics

• Evaluating Linux distributions– memory– disk usage– boot times– harware support

• Embedded focus

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Allocated Memory After Boot

Ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel

Ångström console-image

Debian-5.0-lenny-arm

Ångström minimal-image

Modified Ångström

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Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Root File System Size

Ubuntu-10.04-minimal-armel

Ångström console-image

Debian-5.0-lenny-arm

Ångström minimal-image

Our Modified Ångström

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The Ångström Distribution

• Linux for embedded devices

• Smallest image uses 11 MB disk, 16.2 MB memory

• Default distribution for several devices– BeagleBoard– Gumstix– Pandora (portable gaming console)

• Easy to customise with OpenEmbedded

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OpenEmbedded

• Framework for building embedded Linux Distributions

• Several hardware architectures

• 1000+ packages pre-defined

• Quite complex, but powerful

• Handles dependencies, sources, configuration, cross-compilation etc.

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

uClibc

• Much smaller than glibc, smaller than EGLIBC

• Source compatible with glibc, not binary compatible

• Highly configurable

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BusyBox

• Smaller versions of UNIX utilities in a single binary

• Written with size-optimisation and limited resources in mind

• Very modular and configurable

• Well-tested against uClibc

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Maintaining Different Versions

• “Minimal”

• “Debug”

• “Extended”

• Binary installation packages for common platforms

• Latest Erlang version included

Adapting Erlang forEmbedded Systems

Fredrik Andersson, Fabian Bergström

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Goals

The Virtual machine must be adapted to the limited resources of embedded systems.

• Low RAM consumption– How can we reduce RAM usage?– How will this impact performance?

• Low Disk usage– How can we keep disk usage low?– Performance?

• Benchmarks, analysis and documentaion.

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Progress, Memory Usage

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Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Progress, Disk Usage

Vanilla ErlangCompressed Applications

-Os, strip, stripped beams

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Size on disk

Me

ga

byt

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Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Progress, Hardware

• VM compiled for Gumstix, BeagleBoard– BeagleBoard is a prototyping platform– Gumstix is a much smaller system for commercial use

• TI OMAP35x– Another thesis project for OpenGL and DSP from Erlang

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

The Future

• Support for more hardware– Pandaboard, utilizing the latest multicore ARM processor

• Documentation for embedded Erlang development– How should you utilize Erlang tools for handling project mangement

• Real world application– Small measuring nodes in larger distributed systems

Adding support for special purpose computing units to the Erlang VM

Christoffer Ferm

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Erlang VM Charasterics

• Good support for SMP– Added in 2006

• Easy approach to utilizing SMP for developers– Message passing– Lightweight processes

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Modern Processing Units

• CPU– Already supported

• GPU– OpenCL– Other GPGPU

• Digital Signal Processor

• Cryptoprocessors

Framework for Data ExchangeBetween Mobile Nodes

Niclas Axelsson

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Introduction

• Mobile devices with limited resources– Phones– Cars

• Dynamic ad-hoc networks

• Delay tolerant data

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Features

• Written in Erlang

• Simple to configure

• Takes care of the communication between nodes

• Handles storage of data

• A subscription system

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Example Applications

• Music player – share songs

• Announcement systems

• Statistics gathering

The erlang-embedded homepage

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

www.erlang-embedded.com

• First release “Stag Beetle” is already out.– Next release is scheduled around the 16th of november

• Mailinglist– erlang-embedded@googlegroups.com

• Github– http://github.com/esl/erlang-embedded

Copyright 2010 Erlang Solutions, Ltd

Thank you

Questions?

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The Hardware

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Embedded Market

• 2006: 4 billion embedded processors sold worldwide

• 2010: 16 billion

• 2020: 40 billion

• Intel estimates 15 billion will be connected in swarms or over the Internet by 2015

• ARM announced embedded multi-core CPU in okt 2009