Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”

Post on 09-Jan-2016

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Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”. Irrigation Papyrus – paper, mats, sandals, rope, baskets, boats Fish Waterfowl Transportation Animals. Impact of Geography. Fertile Nile River Marshy Nile Delta (silt, plentiful vegetation and animals)- Lower Egypt Deshret – “Red Land”- Sounds like - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”•Irrigation

•Papyrus – paper, mats, sandals, rope, baskets, boats

•Fish

•Waterfowl

•Transportation

•Animals

Impact of Geography

• Fertile Nile River

• Marshy Nile Delta (silt, plentiful vegetation and animals)- Lower Egypt

• Deshret – “Red Land”- Sounds like

• Upper Egypt- Higher Elevation

• The Wild Nile- Rapids, Flooding

Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt

King Menes aka Narmer

Old Kingdom (2,700-2,000 BCE)

• Centralized Powers

• Strong Pharaohs

• Theocracy

• How do we know so much?

Hieroglyphics

• Rosetta Stone 1799

• Found by Napoleon’s troops

• Greek, Hieroglyphics & Demotic

Religion

• http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/gods/story/main.html

• Theocracy – king is seen as God – incarnation of Ra

• Polytheistic

• Book of the Dead

Pyramids

• important for “ka” of the pharaoh (continues to bless Egypt)

• Built during the Old Kingdom

Mummies!

Isis & Osiris

• Osiris – Underworld, Vegetation, Fertility

• Isis – Motherhood, Queens

Power of the Nile

• Trade

• Travel

• Flooding

The Middle Kingdom (2,040- 1,640 BCE)

• Prosperity and Projects

• Reuniting Upper and Lower Egypt

Necessary Technology

• Irrigation Systems

• Dams

• Shadoof

Scientific Advancements

• Calendar- 365 days, 12 months, 30 days

• Medical- slings, heart rate by pulse, surgery, wound care

Social Classes

The New Kingdom

• Expansion of religious participation (commoners)

• Expansion of borders

• Increased building of temples and monuments

Ahmose 1600 BC

• Overthrows Hyksos

• Restoration of Egyptian trade & culture

• Takes name “Pharaoh”

• Pharaoh = “Great House”

Hatshepsut 1480 BC

• Crowned herself pharaoh (first woman)

• Regent for Thutmose III

• Beard – symbol of power

Thutmose III 1400’s BC

• Expansion to the Euphrates

• *** Empire

• **Cultural Diffusion

with Mesopotamia

Ramses the Great 1200’s BC

• Temples & monuments

• Peace treaty with Syria

• Pharaoh of the Moses story