Ecology Lecture 14 Doo-Hyung Lee Department of Life Sciences, Gachon Univ.

Chapter 5

• Birth & Death

• Movement: Dispersal & Migration

• Population Dynamics

All questions in ecology can be reduced to attempts to understand the distributions and abundances of organisms, and the process that determine distribution and abundance.

Population is a group of individuals of one species.

+ -

Birth Immigration

Death Emigration

Semelparity vs. Iteroparity

Monitoring Birth and Death: Life Tables

1) Cohort Life Table

2) Static Life Table

Cohort Life Table

Basic Reproductive Rate

Classification of Survivorship Curves

Patterns of Distribution

Patterns of Distribution

Density-dependent Dispersal

Migration

Population is a group of individuals of one species.

+ -

Birth Immigration

Death Emigration

Effects of Intraspecific Competition on Population Growth

Number of flowering plants / 0.25 m2

Num

ber o

f see

ds /

plan

t

Density-dependent

Three mathematical ways to express population growth

Carrying Capacity (K)

Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase (r)

r & K

Net Recruitment Curves

# Birth minus # Death

5.6. Life History Patterns Trade-off

5.6. Life History Patterns

엄친아는 '엄마 친구의 아들' 또는 '엄마친구아들'의 줄임말로 대한민국에서 유행하는 용어이다. 고정된 의미는 없으나 주로 여러가지 조건을 갖춘 완벽한 남자의 은유로 사용된다. 사용 빈도가 늘어나면서 점차 일반 명사화되었다.[1]. 여성형은 엄친딸이다. '어머니들이 생각하는, 무엇이든지 잘 하고 완벽한 조건을 갖춘 이상형의 남자'[2] 를 뜻하거나 '모든 것이 나보다 뛰어난 자'[3], '아무리 노력해도 이길 수 없는 존재[4]'를 의미하기도 한다. 유명 연예인들 중 외모에 덤으로 학벌을 겸한 경우를 엄친아라고 부르기도 한다

5.6. Life History Patterns

5.6. Life History Patterns

5.6. Life History Patterns

1991: 28.38 (M) 25.58 (F) 2012: 32.44 (M) 30.24 (F)

r-species vs. K-species

r-species vs. K-species

Organisms that live in stable environments tend to make few, "expensive" offspring. Organisms that live in unstable environments tend to make many, "cheap" offspring.

r-species vs. K-species

r-species K-species

Organism size

Energy to reproduce

# Offspring

Maturity timing

Parental care

Life expectancy

Survivorship pattern

r-species vs. K-species

r-species vs. K-species

Interspecific Competition

Chapter 6

Chapter 6: Interspecific Competition

• Intro

• Ecological effects of interspecific competition

• Evolutionary effects of interspecific competition

• Interspecific competition and community structure

• How significant is interspecific competition in practice?

The possible and actual consequence of competition

• What a process can do – What Interspecific competition is capable of doing

• What a process does do – What Interspecific competition actually does in

practice

6.2. Ecological effects of interspecific competition

6.2. Ecological effects of interspecific competition

More efficient exploiters exclude less efficient ones

6.2. Ecological effects of interspecific competition

6.2. Ecological effects of interspecific competition

Competitive advantage determined by temp-dependent

aggressive behavior

6.2. Ecological effects of interspecific competition

Fundamental Niche vs.

Realized Niche