Post on 29-Dec-2015
Ecological Interactions
• 8.L.3.2 – Summarize the relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers including the positive and negative consequences of such interactions.– I can explain the difference between
competition and predation.– I can compare and contrast the three types of
symbiotic relationships that occur in communities: mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism.
Levels of Organization
1. Organism – a specific species of plant, animal, bacteria, fungus or other living thing that lives in a specific area
2. Population – a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time.
3. Community – made up of populations that interact with each other
4. Ecosystem – several types of living things live in an environment and interact between themselves and nonliving surroundings. Also called a biome.
1. Biome – global ecosystem located in a specific portion of the world (i.e. deserts, oceans, forests. Characterized by the amount of rainfall per year.)
5. Biosphere – the living world and all biotic and abiotic factors that affect life within it.
What are some ecological interactions?
• Competition
• Predation
• Symbiosis• Parasitism
• Mutualism
• Commensalism
Competition – two species share a requirement for alimited resource reduces fitness of one or both species
Kudzu vines are considered competition. Why?
Predation – one species feeds on another enhancesfitness of predator but reduces fitness of prey
herbivory is a form ofpredation
Symbiosis – two species live together can includeparasitism, mutualism, and commensalism
Parasitism – one species feeds on another enhancesfitness of parasite but reduces fitness of host
Mutualism – two species provide resources or servicesto each other enhances fitness of both species
Commensalism – one species receives a benefit fromanother species enhances fitness of one species; noeffect on fitness of the other species
Organizing ecological interactions
effect on species 1
effect onspecies 2
+ 0 -
+
0
-
mutualism
predationherbivoryparasitism
predationherbivoryparasitism
commensalism
commensalism
competition
competition
competition
Symbiosis “Wanted” Poster• You will create a “Wanted” poster depicting a symbiotic
relationship – parasitism, mutualism, or commensalism• Size – 8 ½ x 11 plain paper. NO NOTEBOOK PAPER!• Must include:
– What you are looking for and why
– Explain the type of relationship• Mutualism – both organisms benefit
• Commensalism – one organism receives no harm or benefit
• Parasitism – one organism is harmed
– Pictures of both organisms
– Creativity (make it funny, interesting)
– Color!