EBOLA VIRUSDISEASE ( EVD)

WORK PLAN1. What is Ebola?

2. Where has the virus spread?3. How does the disease spread?

4. What are the symptoms?5. How Can It Be cured?

6. Why did Ebola spread So Much in 2014?

7. What are the strategies to combat Ebola?

8. conclusion

WHAT IS EBOLA?Ebola virus disease ( EVD),Formerly known as Ebola Hemorrhagic fever, is a Severe, often fatal illness in Humans.Has 5 strains: zaïre virus Sudan virus Tai virus Bundibugyo virus Reston virus

HOW DOES THE DISEASE SPREAD?

HOW ARE HUMANS INFECTED-1?

* Infected Fruit bats

- bats have high titres in faeces, - Used as Food,

Bats soap

* Infected animals e.g. monkies, - Handling uncooked bush meat

Human-to-human transmission Direct contact with blood or

secretions of infected people, including urine, faeces, vomit, spit, sweat, semen and breast milk

Exposure to objects or environment contaminated with infected secretions

Burial ceremonies through direct contact with the body

Access through mucosal surface / breaks in skin / parenteral (needlestick injury)

Healthcare workers must practice strict infection prevention and control precautions

Timeline for how a person with Ebola becomes more infectious over time

HOW CAN IT BE CURED?

No specifictreatment

No specific vaccine

EXPRIMENTAL DRUGS Zmapp• Is a combination of 3 different monoclonal

antibodies that bind to the protein of the Ebola virus.

• Has not yet been tested in humans for safety or effectiveness.

Nano silver: a Nigerian drug. Little is know about it.

vaccine• None available at present.• Virus like particles: VSV-EBOV, is Canadian

made vaccine at trial level.

WHY DID EBOLA SPREAD SO MUCH IN 2014?

This is the first time that the Ebola virus has struck urban zones. Population density fosters transmission and could be the main reason for the current rapid spread of the disease. Contrary to popular belief, recent mutations in the virus do not seem to be the cause. However, these mutations have modified the virus’s pathogenic nature. The death rate was 90% in 1976, compared to 50% to 70% now.

PREVENTION: Practice careful hygiene Do not handle items that may have come in

contact with an infected person’s blood or body fluids.

Avoid funeral or burial rituals. Do not remain close to an Ebola patient without

protection. Wear protective clothing. Practice proper infection control and sterilization

measures. Avoid all bodily contact (embraces,

handshacks,ets.) Do not touch clothes and other objects soiled by

suffreres.

REFERENCES:CDC website http:/www.cdc.gov/vgf/ Ebola/about.htmlVideo everything you know about EbolaSlide Share website http:/www.slsh.htmlImage courtesy- Google images, CDC and WHO