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EAST AFRICAN BRIBERY INDEX TRENDS ANALYSIS

2010-2014

Introduction

• The first East African Index was conducted in 2009 in Kenya ,Uganda and Tanzania. In 2010 , Rwanda and Burundi were included.

• The objective of the survey was to map out bribery experiences of citizens across the five East African countries during interactions with key public service institutions and sectors

Objectives

• In 2015, The East Africa Bribery Index Trends Analysis is a presentation of the patterns that have emerged from the EABI reports produced between the year 2010 and 2014.

Methodology

• Across the five year period, over fifty thousand respondents (53,784) randomly sampled from the five East African countries were interviewed face to face for the survey.

• The index examines indicators such as likelihood of bribery, prevalence of bribery, average size of bribe, share of national bribe and impact of bribery.

• It also examines the reasons for paying bribes, reporting of bribery incidents and the public's perception of corruption among other views on the fight against corruption

Sectors covered

• It focused on five sectors; Police , Judiciary, Registry and licensing services, Land services and Tax services.

KEY FINDINGS

Country Performance

• Rwanda was repeatedly ranked as the least bribery prone country in the region.

• The remaining four countries had a mixed outlook , with Burundi being the most bribery prone in three of the five years under review.

• Kenya registered an improvement since 2010 in

this regard. Apart from 2012 ,It was the least bribery prone country next to Rwanda.

Sector Performance – Judiciary

Country Y2010 Y2011 Y2012 Y2013 Y2014

Kenya 59 44 30 38 47

Burundi 52 50 63 48 35

Rwanda 6 24 37

Tanzania 75 76 45 38 42

Uganda 50 59 44 42 31

Average size of bribe – Judiciary

Year Amount of bribe (Ksh)

2010 11,046

2011 9,230

2012 5,063

2013 8,390

2014 7,885

Sector Performance – Lands services

Country Y2010 Y2011 Y2012 Y2013 Y2014

Kenya 53 56 70 47 55

Burundi 36 52 42

Rwanda 12 15 12

Tanzania 44 45 20 27 36

Uganda 32 59 27 47 60

Average size of bribe – Land Services

Year Amount of bribe (Ksh)

2010 8,973

2011 6,800

2012 9,842

2013 8,949

2014 7,219

Sector Performance – Police

Country Y2010 Y2011 Y2012 Y2013 Y2014

Kenya 78 80 72 71 68

Burundi 80 78 63 64 73

Rwanda 38 54 47

Tanzania 85 83 83 73 83

Uganda 71 81 85 60 84

Average size of bribe – Police

Year Amount of bribe (Ksh)

2010 4,434

2011 3,557

2012 2,801

2013 4,411

2014 4,821

Sector Performance – Tax services

Country Y2010 Y2011 Y2012 Y2013 Y2014

Kenya 41 28 14 15 23

Burundi 90 69 36 16 20

Rwanda 7 19 10

Tanzania 53 47 11 37 14

Uganda 77 65 33 20 15

Average size of bribe – Tax services

Year Amount of bribe (Ksh)

2010 3,327

2011 3,567

2012 2,787

2013 3,986

2014 6,815

WHY DID YOU PAY A BRIBE? Year Reason-Kenya

2012, 2013 To hasten the service

2014 It was the only way to access the service

Country Reason

Burundi To hasten the service It was the only way to access the service

Rwanda To hasten the service To access a service I did not legally deserve

Tanzania To hasten the service

Uganda It was the only way to access the service

DID YOU REPORT THE INCIDENT?

Kenya No 93%

Burundi No 92%

Rwanda No 86%

Tanzania No 91%

Uganda No 93%

WHY DIDN’T YOU REPORT- Kenya Country Reason

2010 I knew no action would be taken even if I reported

2011 I knew no action would be taken even if I reported

2012 I knew no action would be taken even if I reported

2013 I knew no action would be taken even if I reported

2014 I did not know where to report

WHY DIDN’T YOU REPORT- Regional Country Reason

Kenya I knew no action would be taken even if I reported

Burundi -Fear of self incrimination -Fear of Intimidation/reprisal -I was a beneficiary

Rwanda Fear of self incrimination

Tanzania I knew no action would be taken even if I reported

Uganda I knew no action would be taken even if I reported

How would you describe the current state of corruption- Kenya

Year Level Percentage %

2010 High 54%

2011 High 53%

2012 Medium 47%

2013 High 62%

2014 High 67%

How would you describe the current state of corruption- Regional

Country Level Average %

Burundi High 54%

Kenya High 57%

Rwanda Low 68%

Tanzania High 53%

Uganda High 67%

Is the government doing enough to fight corruption- Kenya

22%

35%

30%

46%

38%

62%

46%

50%

49%

58%

16%

20%

20%

5%

4%

Y2010

Y2011

Y2012

Y2013

Y2014

Yes

No

Unsure

Is the government doing enough to fight corruption- Regional

Country Response Average %

Burundi No 45%

Kenya No 53%

Rwanda Yes 94%

Tanzania No 47%

Uganda No 57%

Recommendations

Strengthen National anti-corruption bodies

• The government should ensure that EACC has enough operational and institutional independence to deliver on the anti-corruption mandate.

Recommendations

Enhance anti corruption efforts at the county level

Recommendations

Build public confidence to report corruption to the relevant ant corruption institutions.

Recommendations

Stronger regional anti-corruption initiatives

• Secondly, the East African Association of Anti-Corruption Authorities (EAAACA) should be supported to play a stronger coordination role across the region.

Way Forward

• TI-Kenya welcome partnerships with public institutions aimed at comprehensively identifying and strengthening internal systems and procedures to curb corruption

Questions

@TIKenya #EABriberyIndex

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