Post on 01-Jan-2016
description
Eco-compensation in Tai Lake Watershed
Water and Ocean Law in Times of Climate Change
1 November 2013 Liping Dai Supervisor: Marleen van Rijswick & Andrea Keessen
Contents
1. Eco-compensation
2. Water problems of Tai Lake watershed
3. Types of eco-compensation within Tai Lake watershed
4. Conclusion
1. Eco-compensation
1) Payments for ecosystem services (PES)
2) Eco-compensation
Narrow: PES-like(rewards)
Broad: rewards & others (i.e. pollution charges)
2. Water problems in Tai Lake Watershed
• Tai Lake 36,500 square kilometers, the 3rd largest, 0.4% of total land, 4.4% of population, and 10.3% of GDP.
• Transboundary pollution Jiangsu Province (52.6%), Zhejiang Province(32.8%), Shanghai(14%) and Anhui Province (0.6%)
• Agricultural pollution
• Industrial pollution 2.1 million in the Comprehensive Treatment Region (31,800 square kilometers)
3. Types of eco-compensation
1) Bidirectional eco-compensation between governments
• Selecting cross-sectional areas• Designing Base-line • Monitoring the selected areas
Legal thinking?
2) Eco-compensation between governments and farmers
Example: enclosed fish farms in East Tai Lake90% in 2008 25% in 2013• Direct cash payment• Farm resettlement
Side effect: social problems
3. Eco-compensation between governments and industries
Discharge permits paid-use
• Bubble policy (determining assimilative capacity- controlling pollutants loading cap-allocating discharge credits)
• VS. pollution discharge fees Different principles Different outcomes
• Deficiency: Pollutants limited in COD Repetitive collection
4. Eco-compensation among industries
• Emission Trading
• Deficiency
4. Conclusion
• Main feature
• Risk
Thank you !!
l.dai@uu.nl