e Book TOEFL

Perkenalan

Anatomi TOEFL

Struktur

Listening

Pemahaman Bacaan

Test of English as A Foreign Language (Ujian Bahasa Inggris Sebagai Bahasa Asing)

Princeton, New Jersey

ETS ® and ETS ® logo are the properties of the Educational Testing Services, Princeton, New Jersey, USA. The use of the brand and logo, in whole or in part, in this presentation is regulated under the Fair Use Principles of Copyright Protection Act. No copyright infringement intended.

Paper-Based / ITP

• Pensil 2B dan LJK

• 140 soal , 120 Menit

• Mendengarkan, tata bahasa, membaca

• US$ 27 – US$ 200

Internet-Based

• Komputer & Internet

• 22-28 soal, 200-280 Menit

• Mendengarkan, berbicara, membaca, menulis

• US$ 200

SECTION CORRECT ANSWERS CONVERTED SCORE

LISTENING 50 68

STRUCTURE & WRITTEN EXPRESSION

READING 50 67

Phillips, Deborah. 2001. Longman Complete Course for The TOEFL® Test: Preparation for The Computer and Paper Tests. New York: Pearson Education.

CONVERTED SCORE

X 10 LISTENING + S & WE + READING

OVERALL SCORE

MAXIMUM MINIMUM

677 217

LISTENING

• 40 Menit

• 50 Soal

STRUCTURE • 25 Menit

• 40 Soal

READING • 55 Menit

• 50 Soal

THE FOLLOWING SECTIONS REQUIRE YOU TO HAVE, AT LEAST, AN UNDERSTANDING OF BASIC

CONCEPTS OF ENGLISH AND 2000 – 2500 VOCABULARY ITEMS.

Galih Ratna Dinner Ask

On a dinner

Whom Galih loves

Galih asked Ratna out

Galih asked Ratna, whom he loves, out on a dinner.

ADJECTIVE ADVERB

PREPOSITION

PEOPLE

PLACES THINGS

- ism: rationalism - ion: invention - age: marriage

- nce: exellence - ment: involvement - ship: relationship

- ness: darkness - ty: clarity

Member Confuse

Intelligent Leader

Friend Move

Human Real

Mile Elect

Member Membership Confuse

Intelligent Leader

Friend Move

Human Real

Mile Elect

Intelligent Intelligence Leader

Friend Move

Human Real

Mile Elect

Friend Friendship Move

Human Real

Mile Elect

Human Humanity Real

Mile Elect

Human Humanity Real

Mile Mileage Elect

Member Membership Confuse Confusion

Human Humanity Real

Mile Mileage Elect

Intelligent Intelligence Leader Leadership

Human Humanity Real

Mile Mileage Elect

Friend Friendship Move Movement

Human Humanity Real

Mile Mileage Elect

Human Humanity Real Reality / Realism

Mile Mileage Elect

Human Humanity Real Reality / Realism

Mile Mileage Elect Election

- er: builder - ist: specialist

- or: investor - ian: beautician

Music Teach

Mathematics Ranch

Advice Economy

Human Employ

Invent Sculpt

Music Musician Teach

Mathematics Ranch

Advice Economy

Human Employ

Invent Sculpt

Mathematics Mathematician Ranch

Advice Economy

Human Employ

Invent Sculpt

Advice Advisor Economy

Human Employ

Invent Sculpt

Human Humanist Employ

Invent Sculpt

Invent Inventor Sculpt

Music Musician Teach Teacher

Mathematics Mathematician Ranch Rancher

Advice Advisor Economy Economist

Human Humanist Employ Employer

Invent Inventor Sculpt Sculptor

COUNTABLE

• Articles: A / An, The, Many, Few

• Takes plural form

• Contoh:

• A Cat - Cats

UNCOUNTABLE

• Articles: The, Much, Little

• ONLY takes singular form

• Contoh:

• The information

REGULAR

• PLURAL : + [-s]/[-es]

• Contoh:

• A Boy – Many boys

• A box – Many boxes

IRREGULAR

• PLURAL : berubah/tidak berubah

• Contoh:

• An alumnus – Many alumni

• A deer – Many deer

SINGULAR PLURAL

PERSON

CHILDREN

CACTUS

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

PERSON

CHILDREN

CACTUS

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

WOMAN WOMEN

PERSON

CHILDREN

CACTUS

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

WOMAN WOMEN

PERSON PEOPLE

CHILDREN

CACTUS

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

WOMAN WOMEN

PERSON PEOPLE

MOUSE MICE

CHILDREN

CACTUS

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

WOMAN WOMEN

PERSON PEOPLE

MOUSE MICE

FISH FISH

CHILDREN

CACTUS

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

WOMAN WOMEN

PERSON PEOPLE

MOUSE MICE

FISH FISH

CHILD CHILDREN

CACTUS

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

WOMAN WOMEN

PERSON PEOPLE

MOUSE MICE

FISH FISH

CHILD CHILDREN

DATUM DATA

CACTUS

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

WOMAN WOMEN

PERSON PEOPLE

MOUSE MICE

FISH FISH

CHILD CHILDREN

DATUM DATA

CACTUS CACTI

ANALYSIS

SINGULAR PLURAL

MAN MEN

WOMAN WOMEN

PERSON PEOPLE

MOUSE MICE

FISH FISH

CHILD CHILDREN

DATUM DATA

CACTUS CACTI

ANALYSIS ANALYSES

ACTION

• Memberikan pekerjaan pada subyek

• Contoh: Listen, Talk, Explain.

AUXILLARY

• Menghubungkan subyek dengan predikat atau obyek preposisi / membantu action verb dalam pembentukan klausa.

• Contoh: To be (be/is/am/are/was/were), have, do.

MODALS

• Memberi “mood” pada klausa

• Contoh: can (kemampuan), may (kemungkinan), should (saran).

- en: soften - ize: modernize

- ate: elevate - ify: beautify

Investigation Fertile

Authority Mode

Glory Tight

Human Demonstration

Dark Simple

Investigation Investigate Fertile

Authority Mode

Glory Tight

Human Demonstration

Dark Simple

Authority Authorize Mode

Glory Tight

Human Demonstration

Dark Simple

Glory Glorify Tight

Human Demonstration

Dark Simple

Glory Glorify Tight

Human Humanize Demonstration

Dark Simple

Glory Glorify Tight

Dark Darken Simple

Investigation Investigate Fertile Fertilize

Glory Glorify Tight

Dark Darken Simple

Authority Authorize Mode Modify

Glory Glorify Tight

Dark Darken Simple

Glory Glorify Tight Tighten

Dark Darken Simple

Human Humanize Demonstration Demonstrate

Dark Darken Simple

Human Humanize Demonstration Demonstrate

Dark Darken Simple Simplify

• PAST & PARTICIPLE : + [-d] / [-ed]

• You watch every football match.

• You watched every football match.

• PAST & PARTICIPLE: Perubahan tidak tentu/tidak berubah sama sekali.

• Harry and Susan drive their cars to work.

• Harry and Susan drove their car to work.

VERB PAST PARTICIPLE PUT

STRIKE

VERB PAST PARTICIPLE PUT PUT PUT

STRIKE

CUT CUT CUT

STRIKE

CUT CUT CUT

MAKE MADE MADE

STRIKE

CUT CUT CUT

MAKE MADE MADE

STRIKE STRUCK STRUCK

CUT CUT CUT

MAKE MADE MADE

COME CAME COME

CUT CUT CUT

MAKE MADE MADE

COME CAME COME

CATCH CAUGHT CAUGHT

CUT CUT CUT

MAKE MADE MADE

COME CAME COME

CATCH CAUGHT CAUGHT

GO WENT GONE

CUT CUT CUT

MAKE MADE MADE

COME CAME COME

CATCH CAUGHT CAUGHT

GO WENT GONE

DO DID DONE

ADJECTIVES Deter

minant Opinion Size Age Shape Color Origin Materials

Purpose

Active Passive

A/An Beautiful Big New Round Blue American Wooden Boring Bored

The Cheap Small Old Square Red Japanese Iron Drinking Drunk

Two Tasty Tiny Ancient Triangular Black Iraqi Marble Counting Counted

ADJECTIVE NOUN A big house

- ent: excellent - ful: careful - less: careless - ous: dangerous - able: portable

- ant: important - ic: economic - ive: expensive - al: natural - ible: possible

Heart Athelete

Help Impress

Comfort Use

Motion Change

Attract Courage

Carnivore Exhaust

Heart Heartless Athelete

Help Impress

Comfort Use

Motion Change

Attract Courage

Carnivore Exhaust

Help Helpless / helpful Impress

Comfort Use

Motion Change

Attract Courage

Carnivore Exhaust

Comfort Comfortable Use

Motion Change

Attract Courage

Carnivore Exhaust

Motion Motionless Change

Attract Courage

Carnivore Exhaust

Attract Attractive Courage

Carnivore Exhaust

Carnivore Carnivorous Exhaust

Heart Heartless Athelete Athletic

Help Helpless / helpful Impress Impressive

Comfort Comfortable Use Useless / useful

Motion Motionless Change Changeable

Attract Attractive Courage Courageous

Carnivore Carnivorous Exhaust Exhaustive

ADVERB

Manner

(How?)

(When?)

(Where?)

Frequency

(How often?)

• Di awal klausa:

• Di akhir klausa:

• Diantara verb “kepala” dan “ekor”

Beautifully Brenda sings

Adv S V

Brenda sings beautifully

S V Adv

Brenda has beautifully sung

S V Adv V

• Menerangkan verb:

• Menerangkan adjective:

• Menerangkan adverb yang lain:

Anna dresses nicely

Anna dresses unbelievably nice

Adv Adj

Anna is always nicely dressed

Adv Adv

About Above Across After Against Along

Amid Around As At Before Behind

Below Beneath Beside Between Beyond But (kecuali)

By Despite Down During Except For

From In Inside Into Like Near

On Onto Of Off Opposite Out

Outside Over Past Since Through To

Toward Under Underneath Until Upon With

Sekumpulan kata – kata yang yang tidak memiliki subject atau verb.

Tipe Definisi Contoh

Prepositional Dimulai dengan preposisi yang diikuti oleh noun atau pronoun

The cookies in the refrigerator belong to my sister.

Appositive Noun atau pronoun yang memberi keterangan noun atau pronoun lainnya.

My sister, Jane, loves cookies.

Sekumpulan kata – kata yang yang memiliki subject dan verb.

The man playing the guitar (Phrase)

The man is playing the guitar (Clause)

1. Pastikan kalimat memiliki subject dan verb.

2. Hati – hati dengan prepositional phrase.

3. Hati – hati dengan appositive.

4. Hati – hati dengan present participle (verb –ing)

5. Hati – hati dengan past participle (verb 3).

____________ was backed up for several hours.

A. Cars

B. Traffic

C. In the morning

D. Yesterday

____________ was backed up for several hours.

A. Cars

B. Traffic

C. In the morning

D. Yesterday

Engineers _____________ for the construction work.

A. need

B. needed

C. necessary

D. are needed

Engineers _____________ for the construction work.

A. need

B. needed

C. necessary

D. are needed

The cookies belong to my sister

With his friend ___ found the movie theater.

B. has

C. later

D. when

With his friend ___ found the movie theater.

B. has

C. later

D. when

John plays the piano well.

_______ , a friend of mine, is attending the graduation party.

A. Right now

B. Because of the time

C. He is George

D. George

_______ , a friend of mine, is attending the graduation party.

A. Right now

B. Because of the time

C. He is George

D. George

_______ , Sarah rarely misses a shot.

A. An excellent basketball player

B. An excellent basketball player is

C. Sarah is an excellent basketball player

D. Her excellent basketball play

_______ , Sarah rarely misses a shot.

A. An excellent basketball player

B. An excellent basketball player is

C. Sarah is an excellent basketball player

D. Her excellent basketball play

• The man is talking to his friend

• The man talking to his friend has a beard.

The child _______ playing in the yard is my son.

B. now

C. was

The child _______ playing in the yard is my son.

B. now

C. was

• Tim has written the poem. (A)

• The poem is written by Tim. (P)

• The poems written by Tim appear in a magazine.

By 1870, over 30 nations _____ their own postage stamp.

A. the issue

B. had issued

C. issue

D. they issued

By 1870, over 30 nations _____ their own postage stamp.

A. the issue

B. had issued

C. issue

D. they issued

The Statue of Liberty, completed in Paris in 1884, ____________ in New York harbor in 1886.

A. the unveiling

B. to unveil

C. it unveiled

D. was unveiled

The Statue of Liberty, completed in Paris in 1884, ____________ in New York harbor in 1886.

A. the unveiling

B. to unveil

C. it unveiled

D. was unveiled

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

6. Make verbs agree after prepositional phrase.

Be careful with parallel structure:

7. With coordinate conjunction.

8. With paired conjunction.

The key (to the doors) are* in the closet. The key (to the doors) is in the closet.

The tenants in the apartment next to mine is giving a party this evening.

The tenants in the apartment next to mine are giving a party this evening.

I like to sing

I like to dance

I like to sing and to dance

I like singing and dancing

I like to sing and dancing*

Dalam bahasa Inggris yang baik, struktur yang ada selalu dibuat “setingkat” dalam dua klausa yang tergabung dalam satu kalimat. I want burgers and French fries. She not only dances but also sings beautifully. Tina’s house is big and beautiful. Javanese dancers can gracefully, elegantly, and flawlessly perform their dancers in front of many people.

Struktur paralel bisa digabung dengan menggunakan: Coordinate connector And: I love chocolate and ice cream. But: Adam works hard but never gets high score. Or: You can use the red or the blue car. Paired conjunction Both…and: She is both smart and beautiful. Not only…but also: She not only dances but also sings well. Either…or: Ben can either play the guitar or play the piano in the event. Neither…nor: The movie was neither good nor bad.

The speaker introduced himself, told several jokes, and making a very convincing plea.

The speaker introduced himself, told several jokes, and made a very convincing plea.

I have always been able to both speak or write well in English.

I have always been able to both speak and write well in English.

1. Jawaban biasanya ada di pembicara terakhir.

2. Hati-hati dengan jawaban dengan kata-kata yang (kelihatannya) diucapkan dalam rekaman.

3. Pilih jawaban yang berupa sinonim.

(A)It was the first time he made a mistake.

(B) He forgot to write the paper.

(C) He turned in the paper in the wrong place.

(D)He didn’t remember to submit his assignment.

(man) Billy made a big mistake this time.

(woman) Yes, he forgot to turn in his research paper.

(narrator) what does the woman say about Billy?

(B)He forgot to write the paper.

(C)He turned in the paper in the wrong place.

(man) Billy made a big mistake this time.

(woman) Yes, he forgot to turn in his research paper.

(narrator) what does the woman say about Billy?

(B)He forgot to write the paper.

(C)He turned in the paper in the wrong place.

(A)He was in the department office.

(B) He was looking for a place to live.

(C) He was working on his research project.

(D)He had an appointment at church.

(man) Why couldn’t Mark come with us?

(woman) He was searching for a new apartment.

(narrator) What does the woman say about Mark?

(A) He was in the department office.

(D) He had an appointment at church.

(man) Why couldn’t Mark come with us?

(woman) He was searching for a new apartment.

(narrator) What does the woman say about Mark?

(A) He was in the department office.

(D) He had an appointment at church.

(A)She always liked her work in real estate.

(B) She began a new job.

(C) She bought some real estate.

(D)She bought a real estate.

(woman) Why is Barbara feeling so happy?

(man) She just started working in a real estate agency.

(narrator) What does the man say about Barbara?

(A) She always liked her work in real estate.

(D) She bought a real estate.

(woman) Why is Barbara feeling so happy?

(man) She just started working in a real estate agency.

(narrator) What does the man say about Barbara?

(A) She always liked her work in real estate.

(D) She bought a real estate.

1 Autonomous A. Tiny plant or animal .

2 Magnum B. Great number of person or things.

3 Minuscule C. Able to do all kind of things.

4 Microorganism D. Universe as a whole.

5 Polyglot E. Very small.

6 Ambidextrous F. Self-governing.

7 Omnipotent G. Able to speak or write in many languages.

8 Macrocosm H. Giant stone.

9 Multitude I. Large bottle, for wine or champagne.

10 Megalith J. Able to use both hands.

1 F Autonomous A. Tiny plant or animal .

2 Magnum B. Great number of person or things.

2 I Magnum B. Great number of person or things.

3 E Minuscule C. Able to do all kind of things.

4 A Microorganism D. Universe as a whole.

5 G Polyglot E. Very small.

6 J Ambidextrous F. Self-governing.

7 C Omnipotent G. Able to speak or write in many languages.

8 D Macrocosm H. Giant stone.

9 B Multitude I. Large bottle, for wine or champagne.

10 H Megalith J. Able to use both hands.

1. Baca satu atau dua kalimat di awal paragraf untuk ide utama.

2. Pengetahuan tentang elemen kata sangat membantu.

3. Untuk pertanyaan tentang informasi mendetil, baca dulu soalnya, baru cari informasinya.

Raven is common name applied to about ten large birds of the crow family. The best known is the common raven, found throughout much of the northern hemisphere, from the high Arctic islands of Canada to the deserts of North Africa. It is the largest of all songbirds, attaining a length of more than 60 cm. It has a wedge-shaped tail and is satiny black, with a metallic, bluish sheen. The bill is long, powerful, and slightly hooked, and the feet are strong. The common raven is omnivorous, feeding on seeds, fruit, small birds and mammals, and even carrion. It nests on high trees or cliffs; the female lays four to eight spotted, light-blue eggs in a clutch, and both parents feed the young. Because of its social behavior, intelligence, and high adaptability, Ravens has become the subject of many legends and folklores in many communities.

1. The main idea of the paragraph is...

a. How Ravens got their name.

b. General description of a bird species.

c. Ravens in its natural habitat.

d. Social behavior of Ravens.

1. The main idea of the paragraph is...

a. How Ravens got their name.

b. General description of a bird species.

c. Ravens in its natural habitat.

d. Social behavior of Ravens.

2. The word "omnivorous" in [line 3 ] can be best replaced by...

a. plant-eater

b. meat-eater

c. carrion-eater

d. all-eater

2. The word "omnivorous" in [line 8 ] can be best replaced by...

a. plant-eater

b. meat-eater

c. carrion-eater

d. all-eater

3. Which of these statements are true according to the passage?

a. Ravens are not usually found in the southern

hemisphere b. Ravens are less than 60 cms in length c. Female ravens could lay more than 8 eggs in

a clutch d. Young ravens can feed themselves

3. Which of these statements about common ravens is true according to the passage?

a. Ravens are not usually found in the

southern hemisphere b. Ravens are less than 60 cms in length c. Female ravens could lay more than 8 eggs in

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