Dr. YVN KRISHNAMURTHYDeputy Director, Regional Centres

NRSC/ISRO, Hyderabad

Specific Risk (Rs) = H x V x E(value of)

Total Risk (Rt) = H x ∑ (V x E (value of)

… impact beyond the manageable

limits of available resources ….

Source: ESRI

Pre-Disaster PhasePre-Disaster PhaseRISK IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION

The RISK identification is based upon the history of disasters that occurred in the past

Historical Data and Geo-environmental and terrain Conditions help to construct the hazard maps and to

a. Quantify the hazarda. Quantify the hazard

The RISK evaluation is based on the vulnerability of elements at risk Stock and state of constructions, infrastructure, facilities Characteristics of population Stock and state of societal and individual assets Environment, topography, soil,..

b. Construct vulnerability mapsb. Construct vulnerability maps

c. Quantify the c. Quantify the valuevalue of of elements at Riskelements at Risk

Pre-Disaster PhasePre-Disaster PhaseDISASTER MITIGATION, PREDICTIONS, WARNING AND PREPAREDNESS

Disaster Mitigation Reduce the Hazard or vulnerability or both

Continuous and long term efforts through:

ENGINEERING MEASURES PHYSICAL PLANNING MEASURES ECONOMIC MEASURES MANAGEMENT & INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES SOCIAL MEASURES

Predictions and WarningsPredictions and Warnings alert for preparedness and efficient response

Disaster Preparedness Disaster Preparedness aims to reduce the loss from future disasters

Consists of planned measures to deal with a disaster

Involve mock drills

During the DisasterDuring the DisasterRESPONSE

Post - DisasterPost - DisasterRECONSTRUCTION

IMPLEMENTATION OF PLANNING OR MEASURES PUT IN PLACE IN THE PREPAREDNESS PHASE

SAVING LIFE – PRIORITY Evacuation Assessment and Emergency Relief Logistics and Supply Communication and information Management

RESTORING NORMALCY RESCUE-RELIEF-REHABILITATION

(Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) Emergency Events Database EM-DAT)

Information systems for capturing, storing, retrieving, analyzing and

displaying spatial data

Database systems in which the data are spatially indexed, upon which a set of procedures are operated in order to answer

queries about spatial entities in the database

DEFINITIONSUSEA Powerful tool for solving real-world problems by spatial analysis

Thematic data layers

People

Method

DataHardware

Software

COMPONENTS

Identification Where ?

Locate What is there?

Trends What if ?

Patterns What has changed ?

Optimum path What is the best route ?

Models What relations exists between ?

1. Location Information: Where is it?

51°N, 112°W

2. Attribute Information:

What is it?

Species: OakHeight: 15mAge: 75 Yrs

Provided….The data is stored with:

RASTER DATA REPRESENTATION

Tessellation

RasterFeatures

Sampling

Regular square tessellation is RASTER data model

VECTOR DATA REPRESENTATION-object based approach-representation by coordinate system-built on two common concepts

-decomposition of spatial objects into basic graphic elements-spatial relation between these elements (topology)

-basic graphic elements-point, line, polygon

MapC= MapA + 1015 12

16

15

15 15 15

12

12

121212

16 16 16 16

Map C

MapC1= MapA + MapB

9 10

7

9

9 9 9

10

10

1033

7 7 14 14

Map C1

4 84

4 4 4

8

8

81

1 1

1

8 8

1

Map B

5

5 5 5

5 2 2

2

2226

6 6 6 6

Map A

MapC2= ((MapA - MapB)/(MapA + MapB)) *100

11 60

71 3333

71 71 14 14

11

111111

60

60

60

Map C2

NETWORK ANALYSIS – AM/FM, Route/Resource Management SURFACE ANALYSIS – Runoff Modeling /Topographic Analysis POINT PATTERN ANALYSIS – Spatial extrapolation SITE SUITSBILITY ANALYSIS - Nuclear waste disposal site identification HAZARD / RISK MODELLING - Slope stability analysis, Flood Forecasting, Drought Modelling….

COMMON MODELLING APPLICATIONSCOMMON MODELLING APPLICATIONS

Courtesy: ESRI

DESK TOP GIS CLIENT-SERVER GIS MOBILE & WEB GIS

Seamless integration of GIS Applications and Open-source DBMS/OS/Web-Servers/Web-Services/SDKs

Interoperability

Courtesy: ESRI

Relief / Rehabilitation

Damage Assessment

Supply / Logistic

Communication

Pre-Disaster Phase During Disaster

Risk Evaluation

Mitigation

Early Warning

Monitoring/ Tracking

Post-Disaster

Remote Sensing / Satellite Communication / Geospatial Modeling

Satellite, Aerial & Ground Systems

Met/ Ocean

Observations

Emergencycommunication

High-Res. Imaging

Laser

Terrain Mapper

All weather mappingReal TimeMapping LEOAerialGround basedAW

SDWR

Geo.

Products & Services – Damage Assessment, Monitoring, .. NDEM, Hazard Zonation, Risk

Assessment, …Networking, Early Warning [CWDS, IOTWS, INFRAS, ..]

MHA, NDMA, MoA, PMO, CabSectt [CMG], State Agencies

Decision Support Centre(DSC)

CWC, IMD, GSI, MOES/ DOD, DST, FSI, ..

Emergency Communication Network - VPN; Support - MSS Type-D, WLL VSAT, …

Technology Development & Research - ASAR, Forecasting/ Simulation Models, ..

Capacity Building Int. Commitments (Int. Charter, Sentinal Asia, UN-SPIDER)

Megha-TropiqueMegha-Tropique

2011

ResourceSat-2

LISS III, LISS IV, AWiFS

ResourceSat-2

LISS III, LISS IV, AWiFS

2011

GSAT 8 & 12GSAT 8 & 12

2011

Geo StationaryGeo Stationary

INDIAN IMAGING CAPABILITYINDIAN IMAGING CAPABILITY

SUN-SYNCHRONOUSSUN-SYNCHRONOUS

Post Disaster Phase

Flood Control works

Mitigation Phase

Hazard Zonation

Warning Phase

Inundation Simulation

During Response Phase

Flood Mapping

Flood Hazard and Risk EvaluationFlood Early WarningBank ErosionFlood ResponseMobile Applications in Disaster Management

Landslide Hazard ModellingEarthquake Hazard ModellingForest Fire AlertsNuclear Emergency Response SystemAgricultural Drought Vulnerability

High Resolution Images

Indian EO Missions - The Near Future

2008

2009

RISAT C-band SAR; 3-50 m

2010

2011

TES : Hyperspectral Hyper VNIR (64 ch., 25m, 25km)Hyper SWIR (64 ch., 25m, 25km)

plus…

Resourcesat 3Wide Field LISS 3

(6 ch., 23.5m; 600 km)

GEO-HR Imager HR VNIR (4 ch., 50m, 400km)HR IR (10 ch., 1km, 340 km)

plus…

Resourcesat 2 AWiFS (55m;800 km)

LISS 3 (23.5m; 140 km) LISS 4 (5.8m; 70 km)

Cartosat 3 PAN (0.3 m, 10 Km)

MX (4 ch., 1.2m, 10km)

Oceansat 2 OCM, Scatterometer,

ROSA

INSAT 3D (VHRR)

SARAL Ka-Altimeter & Argos

I-STAGMAPI, MAVELI, MAGIS

Megha Tropiques MADRAS, SAPHIR, ScaRab, GPS Occ.

Land

& W

ater

Carto

graphic Oce

an &

Atm

ospher

ic

Resourcesat 2

RISAT

Cartosat-3

SARAL

MeghaTropiques

Oceansat -2

INSAT 3D