Docker for PHP Developers - Jetbrains

JetBrains, June 2016 1

Docker for PHP DevelopersChris Tankersley@dragonmantankJetBrains, June 2016

What Is Docker?“Docker is an open platform for developers and sysadmins to build, ship, and run distributed applications. Consisting of Docker Engine, a portable, lightweight runtime and packaging tool, and Docker Hub, a cloud service for sharing applications and automating workflows, Docker enables apps to be quickly assembled from components and eliminates the friction between development, QA, and production environments.”

https://www.docker.com/whatisdocker/

Containers

Normal Bare-Metal Server

CPU RAM HD Network

Operating System

nginx PHP DB

Virtual Machines

CPU RAM HD Network

Operating System

nginx PHP DB

Operating System

nginx PHP DB

Operating System

Hypervisor

Containers

CPU RAM HD Network

Operating System

nginxnginx PHP DB PHP DB

Containers Are Not New• LXC (Linux Containers)• OpenVZ• Systemd-nspawn• Qemu/kvm• BSD Jails• Solaris Zones• chroot

Docker is an Ecosystem

Docker Engine

Docker is an Ecosystem

Docker ComposeDocker Machine Docker Swarm

How does it work?

Uses a variety of existingContainer technologies

Server ContainersHyper-V Containers xhyve Virtualization

Sorry OSX < 10.10 and Windows < 10 Users

Docker Toolbox

Let’s use Docker

Running a container• `docker run` will run a container• This will not restart an existing container, just create a new one• docker run [options] IMAGE [command] [arguments]• [options ]modify the docker process for this container• IMAGE is the image to use• [command] is the command to run inside the container• [arguments] are arguments for the command

Running a simple shell

Running Two Webservers

Some Notes• All three containers are 100% self contained• Docker containers share common ancestors, but keep their own files• `docker run` parameters:• --rm – Destroy a container once it exits• -d – Run in the background (daemon mode)• -i – Run in interactive mode• --name – Give the container a name• -p [local port]:[container port] – Forward the local port to the container port

Volumes

Modifying a running container• `docker exec` can run a command inside of an existing container• Use Volumes to share data

Persistent Data with Volumes• You can designate a volume with -v• Volumes can be shared amongst containers• Volumes can mount data from the host system

Mounting from the host machine

Mounting from the host isn’t perfect• The container now has a window into your host machine• Permissions can get screwy if you are modifying in the container• Most things it creates will be root by default, and you probably aren’t root on

the host machine

• Host-mounted volumes are not portable at all

Container Data Volumes• Uses a small container that does nothing but store data• Have our app containers use the data volume to store data• Use ‘editor containers’ to go in and modify data when needed

Mounting Data Volumes

Why go through the hassle?• Data volumes are portable• Data volumes are safer• Separates the app containers from data• Production can use a data volume, dev can use a host volume

• Our app containers stay small

Network Linking

Docker Links• Allows containers to ‘see’ each other over the network• Each container thinks the other one is just another machine• Containers all have an internal network address, so we don’t need to

expose everything through the host

More Traditional Setup

INTARWEBS Nginx PHP-FPM

Data Volume

Port 9000

Editor

Let’s Build It

More Notes!• We can now rebuild sections of the app as needed• We can restart nginx without impacting PHP• We can extend much easier

• Docker 1.12 has added a whole bunch of new stuff

Creating your own Images

Dockerfile• Dockerfile is the configuration steps for an image• Can be created from scratch, or based on another image• Allows you to add files, create default volumes, ports, etc• Can be used privately or pushed to Docker Hub

FROM php:7RUN apt-get update \ && apt-get install –y \ libmcrypt-dev \ libpng12-dev \ libfreetype6-dev \ libjpeg62-turbo-dev \ && docker-php-ext-install iconv mcrypt pdo pdo_mysql

COPY build/app /var/www# …EXPOSE 80 443VOLUME /var/wwwVOLUME /var/log

RUN apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

Build itdocker build -t tag_name ./

• This runs through the Dockerfile and generates the image• We can now use the tag name to run the image

Other Helpful Commands

Inspect a containerdocker inspect [options] CONTAINER_NAME

• Returns a JSON string with data about the container• Can also query• docker inspect -f “{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}” web_server

• Really handy for scripting out things like reverse proxies

Work with images• docker pull IMAGE – Pulls down an image before using• docker images – Lists all the images that are downloaded• docker rmi IMAGE – Deletes an image if it’s not being used

Docker Machine

What is Docker Machine?• A provisioning tool that is used to set up a box with Docker• Used in Docker Toolbox to create the VM• Supports:• EC2• Azure• Digital Ocean• Hyper-V• OpenStack• Virtualbox• VMWare

Why use it?• Makes it very easy to spin up new boxes• Docker Machine handles all of the dirty stuff for you• Docker Toolbox users are already using it• Integrates with Docker Swarm

• It is not necessarily portable

Docker Swarm

What is Docker Swarm?• Cluster management tool developed by Docker• Looks like a machine running docker, but is actually many machines

• This has changed and grown a lot in Docker 1.12

Docker Compose

What is Docker Compose?• Multi-container orchestration• A single config file holds all of your container info• Works with Docker Swarm and a few other tools, like Rancher

Sample docker-compose.ymlphpserver: build: ./docker/php volumes: - /home/ctankersley/Projects/dockerfordevs:/var/www/ links: - mysqlserver

mysqlserver: image: mysql environment: MYSQL_DATABASE: dockerfordevs MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: docker volumes: - /var/lib/mysql

nginx: build: ./docker/nginx ports: - "80:80" - "443:443" links: - phpserver

Install “Docker Integration” Plugin

Let PhpStorm Know about Docker

Open the Docker Panel

Download an Image

Deploy a Project

Configure a Deployment

It Lives!

Notes• Does support docker-compose.yml files and setups as

deployments• Doesn’t support custom Docker Compose settings files

Thank You!• https://github.com/dragonmantank• Author of “Docker for Developers”• https://leanpub.com/dockerfordevs

• http://ctankersley.com• chris@ctankersley.com• @dragonmantank

Docker for PHP Developers - Jetbrains

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