Post on 18-Jan-2016
description
Distributed Knowledge Research Collaborative
July 17-18. 2003
Bertram C. BruceLibrary & Information Science
U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 2
Outline
• Welcome• History• What we learned• Implications• Distributed Knowledge Research
Collaborative
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 3
History-1
• 1997-Alaina Kanfer brings together group to discuss collaboration and technology
• -NSF Knowledge and Distributed Intelligence (KDI)--Knowledge Networking; Learning and Intelligent Systems; New Computational Challenges
• 1998-proposal to KDI
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 4
History-2
• 1999-DK project funded: Can Knowledge Be Distributed? The Dynamics of Knowledge in Interdisciplinary Alliances
• group disperses (Alaina -> Born; Geof -> UCSD; Jim -> Wisconsin; Joe -> Emory; Chip -> GSLIS)
• 2000-DKRC established• 2002-DK course• 2003-DK/DKRC workshop
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 5
History-outcomes
• workshops, presentations, commissions, articles, books
• dissertations• DK course, course units• Inquiry Page• DKRC website
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 6
Distributed Knowledge course
addresses conflict:• authentic and efficient knowledge
creation and sharing is embedded in interpersonal, face-to-face contexts,
• technologies to support distributed knowledge processes assume that knowledge can be made mobile outside of these specific contexts
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 7
• Resource for inquiry teaching philosophy
• Collaborative teaching & learning community
• DK outreach project• Site to study
distributed knowledge
Inquiry Page
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 8
What we learned
• problems with the vision• appropriate technology wins• alternate realizations bloom• technology is an end, as well as a
means (pragmatic technology)• challenges: DK is difficult to study
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 9
How does embedded knowledge become mobile?
Knowledge
Technology Community
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 10
Study of the Alliance/NCSA
New ways of doing science in distributed teams
• => Application Technologies• Enabling Technologies• Education, Outreach, & Training
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 11
Application Technologies teams
• http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/alliance/partners/ApplicationTechnologies/
• cosmology, environmental hydrology, molecular biology, chemical engineering, nanomaterials, scientific instrumentation
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 12
Enabling Technologies teams
• http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/alliance/partners/EnablingTechnologies/
• parallel computing, distributed systems, data and collaboration
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 13
Alliance vision
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 14
Problems with the vision
• EOT often shows the greatest impact• But it doesn't use AT enough, and AT doesn't
use ET enough• Successes often emerge from user community
and are fed back into the Alliance• Large structure w/o clear lines of control leads
to politics, miscommunications, difficulty in planning, failures to collaborate effectively
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 15
Astronomy Digital Imaging Library (ADIL)
• developed and maintained by the Radio Astronomy Imaging Group
• "collect astronomical, research-quality images and make them available to the astronomical community and the general public"
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 16
Appropriate technology
• Addresses existing problems– limited access to equipment– need attribution for image work
• Reconfigurations– Worldwide collaboration– New modes of publishing
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 17
Waterfall model
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 18
Reverse the flow?
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 19
Pragmatic technology
technology as the means for resolving a problematic situation
-- Larry Hickman (1990), John Dewey's Pragmatic Technology
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 20
Alternate realizations
Idealization
A
B
C
D
E
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 21
Challenges
• Challenges in the Practice and Study of Distributed Interdisciplinary, Collaboration
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 22
Implications
• technology studies• collaboration studies• evaluation• design
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 23
Technology studies
• Adaptive structuration: substitution, enlargement, reconfiguration (Giddens, Poole, Contractor, …)
• Longitudinal studies• User response, reception theory• Ecological analysis (Bruce & Hogan,
1997; Nardi & O'Day, 1999)
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 24
Collaboration studies
• Social network analysis• Third space• Distributed argumentative activity• Distributed collective practice
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 25
Evaluation
• Need to understand diverse realizations• Innovation begins with the user• Technology as a tool for its own re-
creation• Situated evaluation (Bruce et al., 1993;
Twidale, 1993)
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 26
Design
• Design inseparable from use• User-centered design• Participatory design (Bjerknes et al.,
1987)• Equitable relations (Clark, 1993)• An idea about technology (Menand,
2001)
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 27
DKRC assumptions
• need perspectives/methodologies of multiple disciplines,
• some knowledge processes can be distributed across disciplines, time, institutions, & geography.
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 28
DKRC purpose
• study how knowledge is produced, shared, negotiated, and co-constructed within distributed communities, and the ways in which technologies affect these exchanges
• build knowledge base• space for collaboration
17 July, 2003 Bertram C. Bruce, UIUC 29
Goals for the workshop
• establish stronger ties• share results of ongoing work• discuss future collaborations--
conferences, listservs, website• celebrate accomplishments