Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition

Discovering Computers

Fundamentals,

2011 Edition

Living in a Digital World

Objectives Overview

Identify the keys and buttons commonly found on desktop

computer keyboards, and describe how keyboards for

mobile computers and devices differ from desktop computer

keyboards

Describe different mouse types

Describe various types of touch screens and explain how a touch-sensitive pad works

Describe various types of pen input

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2011 Edition Chapter 5

2See Page 187

for Detailed Objectives

Objectives Overview

Explain other types of input

Explain the characteristics of LCD monitors, LCD

screens, and CRT monitors

Summarize the various types of printers

Identify the purpose and features of speakers,

headphones, and ear-buds; data projectors; and

interactive whiteboards

Identify input and output options for physically

challenged users

3See Page 187

for Detailed Objectives

What Is Input?

• Input is any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer

4Pages 188– 189

Figure 5-1

What Is Input?

An input device is any hardware component that allows users to enter data and

instructions into a computer

5Page 188

Keyboard and Pointing Devices

6Page 189

• A keyboard is an input device that contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer

7Page 190

Figure 5-2

8Page 190

• Most desktop computer keyboards have…

• An ergonomic keyboard has a design that reduces the chance of wrist and hand injuries

• Ergonomics incorporates comfort, efficiency, and safety into the design of the workplace

9Page 190

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 5, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Ergonomics below Chapter 5

• Keyboards on mobile devices typically are smaller and/or have fewer keys

• Some phones have predictive text input, which saves time when entering text using the phone’s keypad

10Page 191

Figure 5-3

• A mouse is a pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand comfortably

– Most widely used pointing device on desktop computers

• A mouse can be wired or wireless

11Pages 191 – 192

Figure 5-4

Keyboard and Pointing DevicesTr

all • A trackball is a

stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side To

pad • A touchpad is

a small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion Po

k • A pointing stick is a pressure-sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on a keyboard

12Page 192

Figures 5-5 – 5-7

Touch Screens and Touch-Sensitive Pads

• A touch screen is a touch-sensitive display device

13Page 193

Figure 5-8

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 5, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Multi-Touch Screensbelow Chapter 5

Touch Screens and Touch-Sensitive Pads

Microsoft Surface Touch-sensitive pads

14Page 193

Figures 5-9 – 5-10

Pen Input

• With pen input, you touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write, draw, or make selections

15Page 194

Figure 5-11

Other Types of Input

16Page 195

Figure 5-12

• Video games and computer games use a game controlleras the input device that directs movements and actions of on-screen objects

17Pages 196 - 197

GamepadsJoysticks and

WheelsLight guns Dance pads

Motion-sensing

controllersWii Remote

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 5, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Game Controllersbelow Chapter 5

18Page 196

Figure 5-13

• A digital camera is a mobile device that allows users to take pictures and store them digitally

19Page 197

Studio cameras

Field cameras

Point-and-shoot camera

20Page 197

Figure 5-14

• Two factors affect the quality of digital camera photos:

21Page 198

• Resolution is the number of horizontal and vertical pictures in a display device

• A pixel is the smallest element in an electronic display

Resolution

• Voice input is the process of entering input by speaking into a microphone

• Voice recognition is the computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words

• Audio input is the process of entering any sound into the computer

22Page 198

• Music production software allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds

23Page 198

Figure 5-15

• Video input is the process of capturing full-motion images and storing them on a computer’s storage medium

24Page 199

Record video on a digital video (DV) camera or use a video capture card to convert analog signals to digital

Connect the camera to a port on the system unit

Transfer video and images

• A Web cam is a type of digital video camera that enables a user to:

25Page 199

Capture video and still images

Send e-mail messages with

video attachments

Add live images to instant messages

Broadcast live images over the

Internet

Make video telephone calls

• A video conference is a meeting between two or more geographically separated people

26Page 199

Figures 5-16 – 5-17

27Page 200

Figure 5-18

• A flatbed scanner creates a file of the document in memory

– Works in a manner similar to a copy machine

• Optical character recognition (OCR) involves reading characters from ordinary documents

• A turnaround document is a document you return to the company that creates and sends it

28Page 200

Figure 5-19

• Optical mark recognition (OMR) reads hand-drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles

29Page 200

• A bar code reader, also called a bar code scanner uses laser beams to read bar codes

30Page 201

Figure 5-20

• RFID (radio frequency identification) uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object

• An RFID reader reads information on the tag via radio waves

• RFID can track:

31Page 201

Tracking times of runners in a marathon

Tracking location of soldiers

Employee wardrobes

Airline baggageChecking lift

tickets of skiers

Managing inventory

Gauging pressure and temperature

of tires

Checking out library books

Tracking toll payments

• Magnetic stripe card readers read the magnetic stripe on the back of cards such as:

32Pages 201

Figure 5-22

Credit cards

Entertainment cards

Bank cards

Other similar cards

• MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) devices read text printed with magnetized ink

• An MICR reader converts MICR characters into a form the computer can process

• Banking industry uses MICR for check processing

33Page 202

Figure 5-23

• Biometrics authenticates a person’s identity by verifying a personal characteristic

34Pages 202 - 203

Fingerprint reader

Face recognition

system

Hand geometry

system

Voice verification

system

Signature verification

system

Iris recognition

system

Retinal scanners

35Pages 202 – 203

Figures 5-24 – 5-25

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 5, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Biometric Inputbelow Chapter 5

fingerprint reader

iris recognition

system

• A terminal is a computer that allows users to send data to and/or receive information from a host computer

36Pages 204 – 205

Figures 5-26 – 5-28

A POS terminalrecords purchases,

processes payment, and

updates inventory

An automated teller machine

(ATM) allows users to access their bank accounts

A DVD kiosk is a self-service DVD rental machine

What Is Output?

• Output is data that has been processed into a useful form

37Pages 206 – 207

Figure 5-29

What Is Output?

• An output device is any type of hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

38Page 206

Display devices

PrintersSpeakers,

headphones, and earbuds

Data projectors

Interactive whiteboards

Display Devices

• A display device visually conveys text, graphics, and video information

• A monitor is packaged as a separate peripheral

– LCD monitor

– Widescreen

39Pages 207 – 208

Figure 5-30

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 5, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Widescreen LCD Monitors below Chapter 5

Display Devices

• Liquid crystal display (LCD) uses a liquid compound to present information on a display device

40Page 209

Resolution Response time Brightness

Dot pitch Contrast ratio

Display Devices

• Plasma monitors are display devices that use gas plasma technology and offer screen sizes up to 150 inches

41Page 210

Figure 5-32

Display Devices

• A CRT monitor is a desktop monitor that contains a cathode-ray tube

42Page 210

Figure 5-33

Printers

• A printerproduces text and graphics on a physical medium

• Before purchasing a printer, ask yourself a series of questions

43Page 211

Figure 5-34

Printers

44Page 212

Figure 5-35

Printers

• A nonimpact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually striking the paper

45Page 213

Ink-jet printers

Photo printers

Laser printers

Thermal printers

Mobile printers

PlottersLarge-format printers

Printers

• An ink-jet printer forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto a piece of paper

– Color or black-and-white

– Printers with a higher dpi (dots per inch) produce a higher quality output

46Page 213

Figure 5-36

Printers

47Page 214

Figure 5-37

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 5, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Photo Printers below Chapter 5

A photo printer produces color photo-lab-quality pictures

• Most use ink-jet technology

• PictBridge allows you to print photos directly from a digital camera

• Print from a memory card and preview photos on a built-in LCD screen

Printers

Laser printer

High-speed

High-quality

Black-and-white

48Pages 214 – 215

Figure 5-38

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 5, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Laser Printers below Chapter 5

Printers

• A multifunction peripheral (MFP) is a single device that prints, scans, copies, and in some cases, faxes

– Sometimes called an all-in-one device

49Page 215

Figure 5-39

Printers

• A thermal printer generates images by pushing electrically heated pins against the heat-sensitive paper

50Pages 215 – 216

Figure 5-40

Dye-sublimation

printer

Printers

• A mobile printer is a small, lightweight, battery-powered printer that allows a mobile user to print from a mobile device

51Page 216

Figure 5-41

Printers

• Plotters are used to produce high-quality drawings

• Large-format printers create photo-realistic quality color prints on a larger scale

52Page 216

Figure 5-42

Printers

• Impact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper

53Page 217

Dot-matrix printer

Line printer

Printers

• A dot-matrix printerproduces printed images when tiny wire pins on a print head mechanism strike an inked ribbon

• A line printer prints an entire line at a time

54Page 217

Figure 5-43

Other Output Devices

• An audio output device produces music, speech, or other sounds

55Page 217

Figure 5-44

Most computer users attach speakers to their computers to:

• Generate higher-quality sounds for playing games

• Interact with multimedia presentations

• Listen to music

• View movies

• Headphones are speakers that cover or are placed outside of the ear

• Earbuds (also called earphones) rest inside the ear canal

56Page 218

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 5, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Earbudsbelow Chapter 5

Voice output occurs when you hear a person’s voice or when the computer talks to you through the speakers

• Some Web sites dedicate themselves to providing voice output

• Often works with voice input

• VoIP uses voice output and voice input

57Page 218

• A data projector is a device that takes the text and images displaying on a computer screen and projects them on a larger screen

58Page 218

Figure 5-45

Putting It All Together

59Page 219

Figure 5-47

60Page 219

Figure 5-47

61Page 219

Figure 5-47

Input and Output Devices for Physically Challenged Users

Braille printer

62Pages 220 – 221

Figures 5-48 – 5-49

Head-mounted pointer

Summary

Various techniques for entering input and several commonly used input device

Various methods of output and several

commonly used output devices

63Page 222

Discovering Computers

Fundamentals,

2011 Edition

Living in a Digital World

Chapter 5 Complete

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