Disaster Management Activities in

Sri Lanka

byMajor General Gamini Hettiarachchi (Retd)

Director GeneralDisaster Management Centre

Post Tsunami Disaster Risk Reduction Measures

Legal and Institutional frameworks.

Road Map

Capacity building, Preparedness measures and reaction capacities.

Early Warning systems including forecasting, dissemination of warnings and Last Mile activities.

Legal and Institutional Frameworks

Provides for a Framework for Disaster Risk Management (DRM) in Sri Lanka

Addresses Disaster Management (DM) holistically, leading to a policy shift from response based mechanisms to a proactive approach

Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act; No.13 of 2005

Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act; No.13 of 2005

Floods Droughts Landslides Industrial Hazards Tsunami (Seismic Wave) Earthquakes Air Hazards Fire Epidemics Explosions

Air Raids Civil or Internal Strife Chemical Accidents Radiological Emergency Oil Spills Nuclear Disaster Urban and Forest Fire Coastal Erosion Tornadoes, Lightening

Strikes and Severe Thunder Storms

Hazards that come under the Hazards that come under the purview of the DMCpurview of the DMC

Hazards that come under the Hazards that come under the purview of the DMCpurview of the DMC

National Council For Disaster Management

National Council For Disaster Management

DMC

Social Services

Home Affairs

Health

Defence

Power

Coast Conservation

Housing

Irrigation

Science & Technology

Rehabilitation & Reconstruction

Police

Land

Fisheries & Aquatic Resources

Education

Highways

Water Supply

Urban Development

Foreign Affairs

Finance

Environment

Ministers in charge of

National Council for Disaster Management

Chair Person : H.E. PresidentVice Chairman: Hon. Prime Minister

Ministry of Disaster Management & Human Rights

Ministers in charge of

The Disaster Management Centre (DMC) was established in August 2005 as the lead agency in disaster risk management in the country

In December 2005, the Ministry for Disaster Management was established. On January 2006, above Ministry was renamed as the Ministry of Disaster Management & Human Rights with human right portfolio being added to the Ministry

Organizational Structure Organizational Structure DisasterDisaster Management Centre Management Centre

Organizational Structure Organizational Structure DisasterDisaster Management Centre Management Centre

Disaster Management Centre(Director General)

National Consultants

Personnel & Administration

BranchMedia Unit

Finance Branch

24 x 7 National

Emergency Operation

Centre

Training, Education & Public

AwarenessUnit

Preparedness Planning

Unit

Multi-Hazard Early warning

& Dissemination

Unit

District Emergency Operation Centres(DRM Coordinators)

Disaster Management Assistants

Intermediate & Local Levels

National Level

Tech. Com. in each division

Disaster Management Technology,

Mitigation Unit

Risk Assessment,

Data Collection, Research &

Analysis Centre

DOM

Multi-Hazards Warning Dissemination System

24/7 Emergency Operation Rooms

District Disaster Management Committee

Divisional Disaster Management Committee

Dissemination of Warning

Regional & International Organizations

Multi-Hazards Early Warning Dissemination Unit of the

DMC

Government Agencies, Critical Agencies & Stakeholders

Police

Media & General Public

Military

UN System, INGOs, NGOs

PWTS NBRO

Atomic Energy

Authority

NARA DOI GSMB

Provincial Councils

District Secretariats

Divisional Secretariats

Local Authorities

Police Stations

Hospitals

Government Dpt.

NGOs, CBOs

CCD

Villa level DM Committees

Receiving Early Warnings

Speaker Sys. Bells / Sirens Messengers Riders / Cyclers

Radio Comm

Fax

Internet

Satellite com

SLT/ Dialog, SMS

Police Com

Military Com

Cell Broad.

Warning Towers

DEWNS

Radio / TV

Out Puts

24 x 7 National Emergency Operations Centre

Relief and response work during recent flood & landslidedisasters in the country has been coordinated effectively

Disaster Management

Centre

District SecretaryDistrict Disaster

Management Committee

Prov. Level Disaster Management Committee

District Disaster

Management Coordinators

Local Authority Committees

Emergency Op. Rooms

Govt. DepartmentsMilitary & Police

Private Sector

NGOs/ Civil Societies

Div. Level Committees

GN Committees

Village volunteer

Committees

Early Warning, Medical / Health, Search & Rescue, Camp Management & Security Committees

Business Communities

Disaster Risk Management Mechanism at Disaster Risk Management Mechanism at Sub-national LevelSub-national Level

Disaster Risk Management Mechanism at Disaster Risk Management Mechanism at Sub-national LevelSub-national Level

Devolved Disaster Management Framework

National Disaster Management Coordinating Committee

Provincial / District Disaster Management Committees

Divisional Disaster Management Committees

Community Disaster Management Committee

Sub Committees

Early Warning,

Medical / Health

Search & Rescue

Camp Management

Village Security

National DRM Committees National DRM Committees

National advisory Committee

Emergency Response Committee

Disaster Victim Identification

Building Guideline Committee

Colombo Flood Committee

The Roadmap Towards a Safer Sri Lanka

The Roadmap is a 10 year DRM framework to be addressed in a systematic manner with the involvement of all relevant stakeholders. These priorities of actions are consistent with the Sri Lanka DM Act No. 13 of 2005 and also in line with the Hyogo Framework For Action 2005-2015.

Community Capacity Building, Preparedness

Measures &

Response Capacities

Risk Awareness &

Knowledge Building

Awareness and Knowledge Creation among the Stakeholders

Training of Stakeholders

Knowledge and Awareness Building in Communities and

Stakeholders for Risk Reduction

Community

Awareness

Participatory Hazard Mapping to identify safe routes and safe

areas

Participatory Hazard Mapping in Vulnerable Communities

Mock Drills to ensure response capacities

Community Evacuation Plans

Evacuation Mock Drills

Community De-briefing

Lidar Survey of the coastal belt was carried out with Italian Government sponsorship.

Community Response Capacity

Community response capacity enhance through the training of village level volunteers for the following;

First Aid

Life Saving

Swimming

Boat handling

Leadership (Outward Bound Training)

Search & Rescue

Camp Management

Preparedness & Response Plans

National Level Plans

Provincial Level Plans

District Level Plans

Divisional Level Plans

Gramaniladhari Level Plans

Preparation of SOPs

Preparation of SOPs at National, District, Divisional and Community Levels.

Disaster Management Plans

School Preparedness Plans.

Institutional Preparedness Plans

Hospital Preparedness Plans for mass casualty transfer.

DMC has established a Committee for Development of Guidelines for Construction in Disaster Prone Areas

Hazard specific Building Codes for Landslides, Cyclone, Flood prone areas and for Seismic Activity has been finalized.

The Department of National Housing has compiled Building Codes for Tsunami prone areas which are pending finalization.

Building Codes

Early Warning Systems including Forecasting,

Dissemination of Warnings and Last Mile Activities

Technical Agencies involved in issuing

warnings

Meteorological DepartmentNational Building Research OrganizationIrrigation DepartmentCoast Conservation DepartmentNational Aquatic Resources AgencyGeological Survey & Mines BureauHealth Department (Epidemiology Unit)

Multi-Hazard Early Warning System

Warning Given by Technical

Agencies

DMC & Other Relevant Agencies

Vulnerable Communities

Methods of Dissemination

Mass Media (TV/Radio/News papers)Police/Military CommunicationMulti Hazard Warning TowersDEWN DevicesHF/VHF CommunicationsTelephones/CDMA/GSMSatellite CommunicationInternetCell Broadcast/ SMS RANET

Seeking a Reliable Communication System for “Last Mile”

DMC

Police

Media

DistrictDivision

TV & Radio

DEWN Multi hazardEW tower

Loudspeaker car

Loudspeaker

Handy speaker

SMS

Temple Bell

Government Community

Flood Warning

Evacuation Instruction

Communication Tools

In cooperation withCBDM

Last Mile ActivityCommunity

levelMessengers/Runners

Motor cyclists/Cyclists/Three Wheelers

Sirens/Bells

Speaker systems in villages

Telephone/Mobiles

Police vehicles with speakers

Hand held VHF set

DEWN

TVTV

TelephonesTelephonesMobile/SMSMobile/SMS

RADIORADIO

E-E-CommuniCommuni

cationcation

RANETRANET

Warning Warning TowersTowers

LANDSLIDE

WARNING

Public Announcements through Radio, TV (Cyclones, Floods, Landslides)

NBRO

Traditional communication

systems in villages

Public Evacuation

Near Real Time Landslide Early Warning

DMCDistrict NBRO

Police

DOI

Media

Intra-gov. Network

DOM

Community

Information Transfer

Information TransferData Analysis

Warning WarningEvacuation

Early Warning NetworkObservation

Observation

JICA Funded

End-to-End EW System in Pilot Project

Satellite

Telephone

Line

AWS DOM

DOIRainfall Gauge Waterlevel Gauge

DMCDistrict

DM Coordinator

Grant Aid Project

Pilot Project in Kelani River Basin

DS Office

Last Mile

Grant Aid : Meteorological Information Network

38 Automatic Weather Stations

Satellite

DOM

Real Time Monitoring of Meteorological Data

50 x Tsunami Warning Towers in the coastal zones. VHF / HF Radio Communication System to be established. 10 line call centre to be established. Establishment of 10 EOCs at District levels. Establish community based Fire fighting capacity. Community based rainfall assessment for localized Early Warning capacity. Last Mile Warning Dissemination to be strengthened . Vertical Tsunami evacuation structure to be built at selected locations.

National Level ActivitiesNational Level Activities National DM plan to be approved National Policy to be approved DesInventar to be consolidated SLDRN to be consolidated Risk Profile to be completed SMS & Cell broadcasting on going Safety Day Celebration to be continued CBDRM Manual Streamlining gender to Disaster Management ICS to be integrated Ranet to be consolidated Colombo Flood Mitigation Programme to be completed JICA Projects on going USTDA Projects (SIAC) DM Communication & Response Capacity Development Project -

ICET Strengthening Local Authorities UNESCAP – Communication Project School Disaster Management Activity -UN OCHA funded Environmental Project – Funded by the Korean Government

Consolidation of DM Activities in Line with the

HFA