Post on 26-Dec-2015
Digital Rights Managementon the Web
Dr Renato Iannella
IPR Systems
Chief Scientist
renato@iprsystems.com
http://www.iprsystems.com
10th World-Wide Web Conference
Copyright IPR Systems Pty Ltd 2001
Overview
DRM Definition and New Opportunities Rights Requirements
Modelling & Languages Example Sectors
Ebook (OzAuthors) Video/Audio (MPEG)
DRM Standards Summary Web Architecture W3C DRM Workshop Conclusion
Copyright IPR Systems Pty Ltd 2001
DRM Definition
DRM has always had a “security/protection” emphasis
Broader definition “Digital Rights Management (DRM)
involves the description, identification, trading, protection, monitoring and tracking of all forms of rights usages over both tangible and intangible assets including management of Rights Holders relationships”
Copyright IPR Systems Pty Ltd 2001
DRM Perspectives
DRM
Business
Social Technical
Legal
Governed by AccountingPractices
Transfer of $$
Governed bySocial normsGive a Gift
Governed byTechnical Standards
XML File
Governed by the Lawsof the Jurisdiction
License
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New Opportunities
From “Creation Waterfall” Pay for possession Limited re-use rights available
Create
Trade
Use
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Towards “Creation Life-Cycle” Blurring creation and use towards re-
creation and re-use Pay for usage, not possession Share the rights Share the revenue Require Trusted
services to validaterights and trades
Transparent Rights
New Opportunities
Create
Trade
Use
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Digital Supply Chain
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Rights Requirements
Model Assets and Relationships Trusted Identification
Content (all levels) DOI, ISO ISTC, URI...
Parties: Directories... Licences: Consumer rights
Digital Rights Expression Language Digital Rights Protection Digital Rights Tracking Digital Rights Trading
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Rights Metadata Model
Create/Use
Own
Over
Rights
Users
Digital Items
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Rights Metadata Model
Work
Expression
Manifestation
Item
Expression
Manifestation
Manifestation
Manifestation
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
Item
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Rights Metadata Model
Usage Permissions
Constraints
Reuse
Play
Rights Holders
Obligations
Count Time Territory
Pay
Tracking
Loyalty Points
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Open Digital Rights Lang
Semantics of a core DRM Language Open or Trusted environments Foundation for extensible (ie XML) and
sector-specific rights language Interoperability across sectors/industries Submitted to Ebook and MPEG communities
http://odrl.net/
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ODRL Usage Model
0..*0..*0..*
ODRL-FoundationModel::UsageODRL-FoundationModel::Constraint
ODRL-FoundationModel::Asset
ODRL-FoundationModel::Narrow
ExecutePlay
DisplayLendSell
Copy
AnnotateModify
Reuse
0..*0..*0..*
Use Transfer
Give
1..*1..*1..*
0..*0..*0..*0..*0..*0..*
1..*1..*1..*
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Rights Complexity
Need Balance: Current Technology Offerings Usability
Usages
UsersConstraints
Obligations
RightsHoldersRoles
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Rights Trading
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Ebooks
Significant growth area! Open Standards are required
Electronic Book Exchange (EBX) Secure/certified distribution of ebook
vouchers http://www.ebxwg.org
OpenEBook Forum XML Structure for Content New WGs: metadata, ids, rights and rules http://www.openebook.org
OpenEbook and EBX now merged...
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OzAuthors: Ebook Service
Joint Venture with Australian Society of Authors An online service for rights holders and their
customers Content Providers: Authors, Agents, Publishers Promote their works in a new and safe digital
environment setting usage and payment levels Supports “Fee and Free” Low cost method of digital self-publishing
Value-add services (resources, reviews...) Flexible purchase options (eg parts of ebooks)
http://www.ozauthors.com.au
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Copyright IPR Systems Pty Ltd 2001
Copyright IPR Systems Pty Ltd 2001
Copyright IPR Systems Pty Ltd 2001
Product: DRX
Digital Rights Exchange (DRX) Internet Trading eCommerce Software for
Digital Assets and their Rights Asset upload, mgt, reporting, and payments
PDF (OpenEBook/EBX soon) Flexible Vocabularies
Parties (vCard), Content (ONIX), Rights (ODRL) Interface to “down-stream” Systems
Content protection, tracking Core software for multiple sectors
Ebook, software, learning objects, audio/video
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MPEG (Video/Audio)
Intellectual Property Management and Protection (IPMP)
MPEG-2: Digital TV MPEG-4: The “bits” - IPMP “Hooks” MPEG-7: Descriptions are as valuable as
content MPEG-21: Integrating the pieces:
IPMP: Rights Data Dictionary and Language Call for Requirements (finalised in July) Call for Proposal (October)
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MPEG-21 Core Elements
User A User BTransaction/Use/Relationship
fl Digital Item‡fl Authorization/Value Exchange‡
Terminals &Networks
ContentManagementand usage
IntellectualProperty
managementand
Protection
Digital ItemIdentification
and Description
Digital I tem
Declaration
:••
ExamplesNatural and SyntheticScalability
Examples:•“Container”•“Item”•“Resource”
ContentRepresentation
Examples:•Storage Management•Content Personalisation
Examples:•Unique Identifiers•Content Descriptors
:••
ExamplesResource AbstractionResource Mgt. (QoS)
Examples:•Encryption•Authentication•Watermarking
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Web Architecture
Tim Berners-Lee, Director, W3C, XML 2000 Conference, Washington DC, Dec 2000
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Web Architecture
Need for new/updated technologies Metadata Framework
RDF integrated closer with XML Schema Trust (Digital Signatures) Better Structure Lessons from P3P, CC/PP
Identification URIs: Identification, Location, and Naming URI Activity
XML Packaging and Protocols
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W3C DRM Workshop
DRM Workshop, January 2001 <http://www.w3.org/2000/12/drm-ws/> 65 Attendees, Position Papers, Minutes,
Reports, Presentations Outcomes:
Concerns over Privacy and Accessibility Balance needed between Protection and
Access W3C should investigate a “Rights
Management Framework” for Interoperability Start some smaller Working Groups (eg
Language) Bring work of other groups together
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Conclusion
DRM is emerging as a new way to Enable innovative new business models Foster more Content online
Everyone wants DRM solved but its not an easy solution to generalise
DRM technologies are “embryonic” but evolving fast… DRM technologies need to meet all the
needs of Rights Holders and Consumers (Web Users)
W3C: “Leading the Web to its Full Potential” DRM is that potential . . .