Post on 04-Aug-2020
Diffusion of E-Scooters: The effect of the purchase of an e-scooter on
individual’s mobility behavior
Heidi Hofmann, 12.06.2012
ECOMM Frankfurt 2012
Heidi Hofmann, University of Berne, Switzerland
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Content
1. E-Scooters Research-Project 2009-2013
2. Presentation of work package “e-scooter users”
3. Results: first trends
4. Conclusion
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Definition
e-bikes / pedelecs
e-scooters are understood as
both two- and three-wheel electric motor vehicles
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1. E-Scooter – Research Project (2009-2013) Objectives: Contribution towards the technical development of e-scooters
Support for the launch on the market of e-scooters
Analysis of the effects of e-scooters on
energy consumption,
the environment and
mobility behavior
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1. E-Scooter – Research Project (2009-2013)
Financed by Swiss Federal Office of Energy Swiss Federal Roads Office Federal Office for the Environment
Interdisciplinary research team: five partners
Lead: Interdisciplinary Centre for General Ecology, University of Berne
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1. E-Scooter – Research Project (2009-2013) Six Work Packages
Interdisciplinary research team: 5 partner
Lead: Interdisciplinary Center for General Ecology, University of Bern
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1. E-Scooter – Research Project (2009-2013) Effect of e-scooters on energy and environment:
cf. life cycle assessment of e-scooters (empa 2011)
Interdisciplinary research team: 5 partner
Lead: Interdisciplinary Center for General Ecology, University of Bern
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2. Work Package 6: User Behavior
Objectives:
How are e-scooters used in daily life?
What are the users’ experiences?
What is the effect of the purchase of an e-scooter on individual’s mobility behavior?
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2. Work package 6: User Behavior
Approach/Method:
Standardized questionnaire (3 month after purchase)
Diary for measurement of energy consumption (summer and winter data)
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3. Results - first trends (N=30), data collection ongoing
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3. Results – first trends
Who buys an e-scooter?
Men aged 47 (average)
43% have university-degree
Circulate in city or in agglomeration areas
40% have been regularly driving motorbikes during last 5 years
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3. Results – first trends
How are the e-scooters used?
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Average
distance per
trip: >15 km
cf.
e-bike per
trip: < 10 km
48%
13%
12%
27%
e-scootertrips(N=179)
Commu ng Shopping AwayonBusiness LeisurePurposes
3. Results – first trends
Which trips are replaced by e-scooters?
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28%
13%
38%
2%13%
6%
Replacedtrips(N=175)
Car Motorbike Publictransport eBike Bike notripsaremade
3. Results – first trends
E-scooter = additional vehicle (60%)
E-scooter = substitute another vehicle (40%)
Which? - 67% Motorbike
- 25% Car
- 8% others
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3. Results – first trends
Reason for e-scooter purchase:
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38%
20%
14%
12%
11%5%
Reasonfore-scooterpurchase
environment
increasedmobility
fun
subsidies
noiseless
image
Compare: e-scooter dealer surveys 2011:
What are the advantages of e-scooters? (open question; multiple responses, N=54)
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others
easy to maintain
low running costs
noiseless
environmentally friendly
low energy costs
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3. Results – first trends
90% of e-scooter users are highly satisfied / satisfied with their new vehicle
No safety-problems on the roads (noiseless)
Costs of operation (energy & maintenance costs) for e-scooters are lower than for motorbikes
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4. Conclusion
Who buys an e-scooter?
E-scooter buyers = early adopters (cf. Rogers Diffusion of Innovation, 2003):
middle-aged and well-educated men, technic-oriented, opinion-leaders
Why do people buy an e-scooter?
environment / increased mobility / low operating costs
•
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4. Conclusion
How are e-scooters used in daily life?
e-scooters are mainly used for commuting
What are the users’ experiences?
e-scooter users are highly satisfied / satisfied
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4. Conclusion
What is the effect of the purchase of an e-scooter on individual’s mobility behavior?
e-scooters substitute trips by car/public transport/motorbike
e-scooter: substitute car/motorbike
trips longer than 15 km are made by e-scooters
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4. Conclusion
E-scooters = high potential for reduction of
energy consumption
greenhouse gases
air pollution
noise
area used for traffic
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Further information: http://www.ikaoe.unibe.ch/forschung/e-scooter/index.html
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