Development of a Detailed Multi-Body Computational Model of an ATV to Address and Prevent Child Injuries

Chandra K. Thorbole , Ph.D.

MADYMO USERS MEETING September 27, 2016

UMTRI ,Ann Arbor, MI

MADYMO USERS MEETING UMTRI, University of Michigan

September 27,2016

Presentation Outline

Goal

Research Importance

Engineering Intervention

Observations

Discussion

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What is an ATV ? An ATV (All Terrain Vehicle) is a off-road gasoline powered engine vehicle with straddle seat and handle bar for steering inputs. ATV’s are considered as rider active vehicle as the rider shift their body weight to precisely control the ATV and its stability during turns.

Image Source : GAO-10-418 Report

Engine size < 90 cc 90 cc <Engine size < 1000 cc

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ATV use in the U.S In the U.S the major use of an ATV is for recreational activity followed by farming and industrial application.

Graph Source : GAO-10-418 Report

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Young riders and adult ATV ATV’s are rider active machines and because of their design, ATV's are dynamically unstable and require the operator to perform balancing act while riding to maintain the ATV stability. Young riders on adult ATV’s are unable to reach foot paddle, fail to execute the active participation as required by the ATV’s during operation. This lead to fatal accidents of young rider on adult ATV’s.

MADYMO USERS MEETING UMTRI, University of Michigan

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ATV related fatalities & injuries among young riders in the U.S

ATV-related injury admissions to ACH 2000-2010

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Main focus of this research phase is the primary prevention (Accident prevention)

Goal

Injury Prevention

Primary Prevention Secondary Prevention

Primary Focus is preventing the accident

occurrence

Primary Focus is preventing the occupant

injury during the accident

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Goal

Primary Prevention

Social Awareness

Behavior Change

Law

Education

Technology

Engineering

Innovation

Evaluation

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Social Awareness Behavior changes

Law Education

Technology Engineering Innovation Evaluation

Successful Injury

Prevention

Research Importance

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Engineering Intervention

Engineering Method

Educational Intervention

Method

In this research phase

Complements

Engineering simulations are used to evaluate ATV and young rider motion for a particular accident mechanism. This motion information will be used to create more realistic video for educational purpose.

How?

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Engineering Intervention

ATV MADYMO Model

Laboratory Testing For ATV Dynamic Characteristic

CAD model

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Engineering Intervention

C.G. Identification

Mass Moment of Inertia

Suspension Characteristic

C.G Mxx

Myy

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Computational Model

Engineering Intervention

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Engineering Intervention

Tilt Table Test

Experimental Result 43.5 deg

Computational Result 45 deg

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September 27,2016

Drop Test

Engineering Intervention

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September 27,2016

Engineering Intervention

Image Source : GAO-10-418 Report

MADYMO USERS MEETING UMTRI, University of Michigan

September 27,2016

Engineering Intervention

Accident Scenario 1

How the ATV speed and the slope characteristic influence the injury kinematics?

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Factorial Design

Engineering Intervention

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0.38 sec 0.78 sec 1.18 sec

1.38 sec 1.58 sec 1.72 sec

ATV Speed 10mph Slope 30 degree Slope length 2m

Observation

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Future Work

Motion Data Output

MAYA 3D Animation software

Engineering Method Accident Mechanism Realistic Video Generation

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Primary Hypothesis

“ The crash scenario intervention would shift parental risk perception of ATV use by Children from safe to unsafe”

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MOVIE

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Perception of adult ATV’s as unsafe for children changed from 48% (pre-intervention) to 73% (Post-intervention) Video intervention caused parents to perceive adult ATV’s unsafe for children's.

Young and non-Caucasian parents were more likely to encounter change in belief.

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