Post on 09-Apr-2018
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International workshop Sensing the CityGdensk, Poland (18/10/2009 31/10/2009)
COORDINATORGdansk University of Technology - Politechnika Gdaska Poland www.pg.gda.pl
PATNERSUniversit degli Studi Roma Tre Italy, www.pism.uniroma3.it
- . .
Universit degli Studi dellAquilla Italy www.univaq.it
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Universit degli Studi Roma Tre -
www.uniroma3.itwww.p sm.un roma . t
Dr. Antonio Caperna, PhD
Designing a city for all(senses)
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Medical and Social model
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Disability: Medical and Social model
A disabled person is one
who has a condition called a
his or her ability to perform
one or more activities of
everyday living.For example, locomotion
n oors an go ng outs e ,
getting dressed,
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Disability: Medical and Social model
Form of disabilitiesDisability may involve physical impairment, sensory
mpa rmen , cogn ve or n e ec ua mpa rmen , men a
disorder, or various types of chronic disease.
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Disability: Medical and Social model
Different problems, different needs
Multisensorial design
u t p y approac
To take into account
multiply options and
combine it
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Disability: Medical and Social model
BUT.
disabled is an identity
born with, as disabilities
than congenital.
e.g. TAB, Temporarily Able-Bodied
many people will develop disabilities at some point in
their lives, due to accidents, illness (physical, mental
or emotional), or late-emerging effects of genetics.
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Disability: Medical and Social model
..Disabilit refers to thesocial effects of
h sical emotional ormental impairment
We can talk aboutsoc a mo e o
disability
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Disability: Medical and Social model
the real issue is the societal response todisability
if a community:
a ows p ys ca , arc ec ura ,
transportation, and otherbarriers toremain in place, society is creating
handicaps that oppress individuals
with disabilities.
,
with disabilities can function at much
higher levels
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n v gn p n p
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Universal design principles
Universal design
is an approach to the design of
products, services andenvironments to be usable by as
many people as possible
,
situation.
concept of an inclusive society
and its importance has beenrecogn ze y governmen s,
business and industry.
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Universal design principles
Princi les develo ed b the Centre for Universal Desi n North CarolinaState University
Princi le 1: E uitable UsePrinciple 2: Flexibility in UsePrinciple 3: Simple and Intuitive Use
Principle 5: Tolerance for ErrorPrinciple 6: Low Physical Effort
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Universal design principles
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constrains into
opportunity
Universal Design and urbanenvironment
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WHY/WHATEthics, Social
UNIVERSAL
DESIGN HOW? Change
,
WHERE
Industrial design Web design
.
URBAN
ENVIRONMENT
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Universal Design and urban environment
Problem concern
Indoor
environment
Outdoor
environment
HousesTheoretical aspect
Flatswork-place
public officesTechnical aspect
Existing spaces
New spaces
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UD and Urban EnvironmentUniversal Design and urban environment
Urban Environment
Problem concern
Historicalcities
moderncities
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architectural barriers
p ys ca o s ruc ons
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architectural barriers
,
hierarchy and clear differences
from edestrian s aces and
vehicular traffic,
paving,
pedestrian crossing,
signals
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architectural barriers
informationlack of signals or too much info that allow
the orientation and the reco nizabilit of
the places and the sources of danger
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Universal Design and urban environment
Realization of informationalmodules or tactile maps in tube
station, bus stop, public buildings,etc.
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architectural barriers
,absence of accessible toilettes,
information points,
absence of ublic service or reen areas
etc.
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architectural barriers
differences of levels, slopes
distances
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Universal Design and urban environment
Identification of the needs
piazza Navona
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Universal Design and urban environmentsite
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Universal Design and urban environment
We must consider all aspects of the outdoor environment:
s ree ne wor , s ape an ype;
open space;
materials and kerbs;
street/footway widths;
street furniture, including seating and signage Cultural and Architectural heritage
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Universal Design and urban environment
GOALUrban space should have certain qualities if it is to be responsiveto human feelings and sensibilities
A legible environment - hierarchy of street types, Entrances to places and buildings are clearly
visible and obvious
A distinctive environment - Urban and building form is varied There is a variety of landmarksincluding historic and civic buildings, distinctive structures and
, ,
A safe environment - Bicycle lanes are separate from footways, Paving is flat, smooth and non-slip, Street lighting is adequate for people with visual impairments, Level changes are clearly
Physical and mental health - Opportunities for exercise and access to fresh air
- .
wayfinding ability and ability to go out
Sense of community - Belonging and social support networks
Autonomy and control - Independence, self-actualisation, self-esteem, and self-efficacy
.
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Basic Access refers to peoples ability to access goods, services andactivities that society considers particularly important (also called essentialor lifeline).
Basic Access typically includes:
Emergency services (police, fire, ambulances, etc.) Public services and utilities
Basic food and clothing Education and employment (commuting)
Freight delivery A certain amount of social and recreational activities
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Application
ANALYSIS
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Universal Design and urban environmentANALYSIS
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Universal Design and urban environment
Road network
Parking areas
Pedestrian areas
Small roads
Bus stop
ax s a on
Source. Prof. Arch. Fabrizio Vescovo, Progetto pilota per il centro storico
U i l D i d b i
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Universal Design and urban environment
services
Religious building
Public offices
Cultural buildings
ea serv ces
Commercial roads
Source. Prof. Arch. Fabrizio Vescovo, Progetto pilota per il centro storico
U i l D i d b i t
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Universal Design and urban environment
rc tectura er tage
Source. Prof. Arch. Fabrizio Vescovo, Progetto pilota per il centro storico
U i l D i d b i t
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Universal Design and urban environment
Source. Prof. Arch. Fabrizio Vescovo, Progetto pilota per il centro storico
Universal Design and urban environment
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Universal Design and urban environment
Obstacles and protruding elements in the
path of travel
Low overhanging signs
Lack of warning signs aroundobstructions
Sidewalk narrow
Rubbish skips
ar par ng
disconnected road is cause of danger Absence of blind guide
-
Sidewalk
Paving of the road improve the sound of
Car/motorbyke parking
Low level of communication
Source. Dr. Antonio Caperna, Accessibilit nel Rione Monti di Roma
Universal Design and urban environment
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Universal Design and urban environment
Theoretical and technical Suggestion
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Universal Design and urban environment
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Universal Design and urban environment
Primary ways
Secondary roads
Main nodes
Reserved parking
Informational pointsElectric cars or scooters
Electric busses
Blind guide
Source. Prof. Arch. Fabrizio Vescovo, Progetto pilota per il centro storico
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Universal Design and urban environment
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Universal Design and urban environment
PATHWAYS
To provide clear, obstruction-free, level and wide pathways for the
convenience of all users
PROBLEM Uneven curbs with obstacles and holes.
Inconvenient or dan erous interru tions in the ath of travel.
Insufficient width.
Changes in level.
CONSIDERATIONSStreet pavements,
pedestrian passages in open spaces and recreational areas,pedestrian underpasses and overpasses are all considered pathways or
ramps.
Universal Design and urban environment
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Universal Design and urban environment
Questions(check-list)
Is the pathway clear of obstructions?
Is the path of travel free of steps or stairs?
Is the path of travel easy to detect?
Is the pathway at least 0.90 m wide?
Is the surface, level, smooth and non-slip?
Are manholes placed outside the pedestrian path of travel?
Are the grating openings narrow, not more than 13 mm?
Are the edges of raised pathways protected?
Are the plant varieties used obstructive to the pathway?
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Universal Design and urban environment
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Universal Design and urban environment
PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGSPRINCIPLETo facilitate the safe and independent crossing of all people.
PROBLEM Uneven road surface.
Lack of guide strips.
Lack of warning marking for crossings.
Gratings on the road surface.
CONSIDERATIONSe es r an cross ngs s ou e equ ppe w ra c con ro s gna s
Low-traffic crossings frequently used by disabled people can be controlled by a
pedestrian push-button system
recommended for the safety of all road users
The road surface should be firm, well-drained, non-slip and free of construction
Universal Design and urban environment
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g
Pedestrians should have priority to the road trafficIt is important to force the drivers to reduce their speed.This can be achieved in different ways:
crossed
The road surface at pedestrian crossings can be raised to the same level as the pathway
Speed control measures: speed humps orchicanesjust before the pedestrian crossings
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Universal Design and urban environment
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g
Traffic islandLight, ..
Source. Prof. Arch. Fabrizio Vescovo
Universal Design and urban environment
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STREET FURNITURE
To design accessible amenities convenient to all people, without obstructing the free
passage of pedestrians along travel routes.
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION Lack of or improper design of street furniture.
Obstructed pathways.
.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONSstreet furniture includes
bus stops, mail boxes, lampposts, signboards, telephone booths, public toilets, newspaper
kiosks, planting tubs, garbage bins, etc.
Universal Design and urban environment
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Park benchesSource. Prof. Arch. Fabrizio Vescovo,
Universal Design and urban environment
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p ma s ance e ween par enc es
Adoption of ischial sittings
Source. Arch. Fabrizio Vescovo
Universal Design and urban environment
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For outdoor parking, accessible parking
spaces should be located not more
than 50 m from accessible building
entrances.
PARKING
Universal Design and urban environment
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Inaccessible building entrances due to
difference between indoor and outdoorRAMPS
levels.
Inaccessible routes due to differences
in level.
The maximum recommended slope of
ramps is 1:20. Steeper slopes may be
allowed in special cases depending onthe length to be covered
Universal Design and urban environment
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Natural and artificial guide
Universal Design and urban environment
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Natural orientationpoints
Smelling elements such as flower
boxes with stron smellin lants
the exhaust of busses
Acoustic elements such aswater (fontain), by using the
own footsteps and those of
other people can be heard
Universal Design and urban environment
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Tangible elements such as diffrents ruc ures n e oor, reezes,
Tangible tiles have diffrent functions:
- Give orientation and direction
- Indicate danger
- Symbolic value
Universal Design and urban environment
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Handrail. tactile maps in tube station,, , .
Universal Design and urban environment
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Train platform
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Universal Design and urban environment
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ss s ve ec no ogy or u en s sa es
Universal Design and urban environment
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PILOT LIGHT - miniradarCon il PILOT-LIGHT il non-vedente potr:-
- conoscere il numero di linea e l'eventuale direzione dei mezzi
pubblici (es. autobus numero 5 diretto alla stazione)- trovare le cabine telefoniche , sapere se sono libere od occupate
- "leggere" i tabelloni-orari-partenze dei treni o degli aerei- rovare nar par enza, pos po z a, g e er e, ar, o e e,
deposito bagagli, taxi, eccetera.
- visitare i musei, individuare le opere esposte ed averne la
descrizione
- servirsi del Bancomat ed essere pilotato nelle varie fasi
- andare a teatro ed avere la descrizione delle scene
- , si sono attrezzate banche, farmacie e la stazione ferroviaria..
Blind people can:
-Cross the main street because the system is connected
with the traffic light
-- w c us go o e ma n s a on- read the time table, know the platform, the police
station, ticket point, left luggage office, bar, toilette
- o to theater and have a descri tion of the scenes
Universal Design and urban environment
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Universal Design and urban environment
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MUSEUM
Uffizi quattro capolavori in rilievo per i non vedenti'Ritratto del Duca di Urbino' di Piero della Francesca del 'Ritratto di
Museo Tattile Statale Omero
Touching art
giovane con medaglia' di Botticelli, del 'Ritratto di Cosimo il Vecchio' del
Pontormo e della splendida 'Madonna del cardellino' di Raffaello
, , , ,discover volumes and perspective with your ownhands.The Museo Tattile Statale Omero was created to fill
-
sighted, and also to offer an innovative space where
artistic perception passes through multi-sense, and notjust visual, stimuli.
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Universal Design and urban environmentUniversal Design and urban environment
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Coliseum
Universal Design and urban environmentUniversal Design and urban environment
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Musei Capitolini
Universal Design and urban environmentUniversal Design and urban environment
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Musei Capitolini
Universal Design and urban environmentUniversal Design and urban environment
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Villa dEste (Tivoli, Rome)
Terraced garden
Universal Design and urban environmentUniversal Design and urban environment
Vill dE (Ti li R )
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Villa dEste (Tivoli, Rome)
Universal Design and urban environmentUniversal Design and urban environment
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PALATINO FORUM -ARCHEOLOGICAL AREA
Universal Design and urban environmentUniversal Design and urban environment
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PALATINO FORUM
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REFERENCES Vescovo F. (1996). Progettare per tutti senza barriere architettoniche. Criteri ed
orientamenti per facilitare l'accessibilit urbana ed il comfort ambientale. Maggioli
Empler T., (1997). Progettare il confort urbano e d'interni. Guida a una progettazione
. Norvegian State Council on Disability, Universal Design. Planning and Design for All,Oslo, Sweden 1997 Ostroff, E., reiser, W. F.E. eds. , Universal Desi n Handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York,2001
Clarkson P.J., R. Coleman, S. Keates (2003). Inclusive Design: Design for the WholePopulation, Springer
., ., ., ,per una utenza ampliata, DEI, Tipografia del Genio Civile, 2004 Laura A. (a cura di), Persone reali e progettazione dell'ambiente costruito.L'accessibilit come risorsa per la qualit ambientale, Maggioli, Rimini, 2003.
Internetwww.progettarepertutti.org
. .
http://www.pism.uniroma3.it
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