Post on 27-Mar-2018
IntroductionB
asic configurations
Water piping elem
entsSystem
safety requirem
entsInstallation exam
ple
3
1 Introduction
2 Basic configurations 2-1 Basic configuration of DVM S WATER
3 Water piping elements 3-1 Heat removal equipment 3-2 Heat supply equipment 3-3 Water pipes 3-4 Pumps 3-5 Expansion tank 3-6 Temperature and pressure measurement points 3-7 Water quality
4 System safety requirements 4-1 External contact connection 4-2 Explanation of optional functions 4-3 Anti freezing protection 4-4 Strainer (Mandatory)
5 Installation example 5-1 Closed cooling tower 5-2 Open cooling tower 5-3 Geothermal heat source
04
0505
07 07 11 1115171718
1919202122
23232425
Design guide for DVM S WATER
4
1 Introduction
DVM S WATER combines all the benefits of DVM system with those of water systems :DVM component of the system - DVM S WATER units and indoor units, refrigerant piping and controls - delivers high efficiency combined with exceptional control flexibility. Heat is transferred via PHE inside of DVM S WATER units to or from the 2-pipe water circuit as required, during cooling and heating cycles respectively.On the water side of the system the heat source (water) is supplied to DVM S WATER units throughout the building via the water circuit, which incorporates ancillary elements such as cooling towers, boilers, heat exchangers, pumps, valves, strainers, expansion tanks, air vents and water treatment equipment etc.
Workscope
Design & Installation R & R (example) - In/out door unit : Samsung - Refrigerant pipe : Samsung - CT/boiler/pump : MEP company - Water plumbing : MEP company - GLHX : Geothermal company
Please note that this document is for guidance only and is not the actual design manual. In practice, construction and plumbing methods may vary acording to the projects and local legislation. To complete design and installation of the system, please consult your local design office.
The operating range of DVM S WATER depends on the temperature of the water circuit, which should be maintained between 10°C and 45°C.
Introduction
5
2 Basic configurations
In temperate climatic regions, excess heat within the water circuit can usually be exhausted via a dry cooler or cooling tower. However, alternative heat sinks can also be used, including natural water sources such as rivers, lakes and bore holes - existing process or chilled water circuits can also be utilized if fitted with heat transfer facilities.
Low pressure hot water from a boiler is generally utilized to maintain the required temperature levels within the water circuit - but steam, district/process/industrial heating systems or even solar energy can also act as the heat source.
2-1 Basic configuration of DVM S WATER
Basic
configurations
Sample #1 - In case of using closed type cooling tower and boiler
Sample #2 - In case of using open type cooling tower and boiler
Cooling Tower (closed type)
Cooling Tower (Open type)
3way V/V
3way V/V
3way V/V
ET
ET
ET
Pump
Pump
PumpPump
Pump
ET(Expansion Tank)
Heat exchanger
Heat exchanger
Heat exchanger
LPHW Boiler
LPHW Boiler
Samsung workscope
Samsung workscope
• Closed type Cooling Tower + 3way v/v(for bypass)
• 3 water loop system. (Open type Cooling Tower + Intercooler)
3way v/v : for bypass in spring and autumn season
3way v/v : for bypass in spring and autumn season
Design guide for DVM S WATER
6
2-1 Basic configuration of DVM S WATER
2 Basic configurations
Basic
configurations
Sample #3 - In case of using geothermal source
Sample #4 - In case of using hydrothermal source
ET
Pump
ground heat exchanger
Samsung workscope
Samsung workscope
• Geothermal heat pump system
ET
Pump
Pump
Heat exchanger
Standing column well
• Ground water heat pump system
7
3 Water piping elements
3-1 Heat removal equipment
Water at the pre set temperature is supplied to all DVM S WATER outdoor units via closed, 2-pipe circuit.Water temperature within the circuit must be maintained at 10 to 45°C and pumps should be of sufficient duty to match the requirements of all DVM S WATER outdoor units.A strainer should be installed to prevent impurities from entering the water flow. Air purging should be carried out in closed circuit systems.Expansion tanks are also important since they allow for water expansion due to temperature changes within the circuit.
• In cooling mode, the purpose of the DVM system is to reject unwanted heat.
• In an air-cooled DVM outdoor unit, cool ambient air is usually drawn across the condenser coil by means of a propeller fans. High pressure refrigerant heat is transferred to a cooler ambient air and rejected.
• By comparison, in a water-cooled DVM S WATER, cooling water is pumped through the plate type condenser. High pressure refrigerant heat is transferred to a cooler condenser water and rejected.
• water must be supplied to the required locations according to the needs of each DVM S WATER outdoor unit
• head and friction losses should be kept minimum
• water velocity should be properly controlled to avoid water streaming noise, pipe vibration or pipe expansion contraction due to temperature differences.
• attention should be paid to water management: impact of the water quality, corrosion prevention, freezing prevention etc.
• enough arrangements should be provided for easy service and maintenance.
1) When designing a water piping system, the following should be considered :
• The cooling tower is still the most common equipment used for water heat rejection. With the current drive towards energy efficiency, ground water, lakes, rivers and sea have been used as an alternative heat sink medium. Environmental concerns and restrictions however, may limit this potential source.
The cooling tower relies on the process of evaporation, enabling the condenser water circuit to be cooled to a temperature below the ambient wet bulb.
Water piping elem
ents
Design guide for DVM S WATER
8
Water piping elements3
Open cooling towers are classified in terms of the airflow configuration. "Forced draught" and "induced draught" towers are the most common types found in the HVAC industry. The forced draught tower is driven by a fan, which blows air through the tower. Induced draught towers pull the air through the tower.Depending on whether the air is drawn against the flow of the water or across the flow of water in the tower, the systems can be further classified as "counter flow" or "cross flow" configurations. When open cooling towers are used it is essential to install intermediate heat exchangers.
This type of unit utilizes axial flow fans and is generally thought to be the most efficient and therefore the most popular, in use today.
Large propeller fans on the air discharge or the top of the tower draw air counter flow or cross flow to the condenser water. Due to the higher discharge velocities they are less susceptible to short air circuits or recirculation. Noise levels are higher due to the low frequency noise associated with propeller and axial fans.
Open type cooling tower
Induced draught tower
3-1 Heat removal equipment
1) Types of cooling towers
Water piping elem
ents
Hot water
Fill
Cold water
Induced draft counterflowtower with fill
Cold water
Hot water distribution
Louvers
FillFill
Sump
Induced draft double-flowcrossflow tower
Forward curved centrifugal fans on the air inlet will force/push the air in either a counter flow or cross flow pattern. Centrifugal fans use more power but generate enough static pressure to overcome any problems associated with internally located cooling towers or those fitted with sound dampers. These towers are quieter than others and are particularly useful for low noise applications. The cross flow tower offers the benefit of a lower profile unit where aesthetics or plant room height may be restricted. On the other hand, the power input is approximately double that of an induced draught tower.
Forced Draught Tower
Fill
Hot water
Cold water
Centrifugal fan
9
Water piping elem
ents
C losed type cooling towers
The water being cooled is contained within a heat exchanger or coil.
Evaporative cooling tower:A secondary open water spray system is used to distribute a film of water to the fins to provide the benefit of evaporative cooling.
Numerous advantages are associated with this arrangement, particularly if the water is pressurized or mixed with chilled water from anexternal source or if the primary pump is sited away from the cooling tower.Closed cooling towers tend to be larger than open models and consequently, more expensive.
On the other hand, since fouling is negligible, closed type systems have lower maintenance costs There are 2 types :
Hot water
Cold water
Centrifugal fan
Dry cooler :The concept is similar to that of an air cooled condenser with condenser water circulating through the tubes and is therefore classed as a closed type system. Due to the higher condenser water temperatures of dry coolers, performance is similar or lower than an equivalent air cooled package.
Design guide for DVM S WATER
10
3 Water piping elements3-1 Heat removal equipment
2) Cooling tower selection
• Cooling tower selection is based on the amount of heat to be rejected (the actual cooling capacity + compressor power) and the optimum method of rejecting this heat depending on the most important design criteria, ie. initial cost, efficiency, footprint and noise.
Example) Cooling tower selection
Formula (a)
Formula (b)
Condition
Calculation
Result - Cooling tower selection example
Q = Required capacity[kW] (1kW = 860kcal/h)m = total condenser flow rate (kg/h)ΔT = Leaving water temp - Entering water temp (°C)specific heat for water = 1kcal/kg·°C
- Q(required capacity) = (28+5.05)*10 = 330.5kW = 284,230kcal/h- ΔT=Q / (m x specific heat capacity) = 284,230kcal/h÷ (96ℓ/min x 60min/h x 10 x 1kcal/kg·°C x 1kg/ℓ) = 4.93°C
- Cooling tower Capacity : 284,230kcal/h(72CRT) or more at below condition- Entering water temperature : 35°C- Leaving water temperature : 30°C- OD wet-bulb temperature : 24°C 1CRT for cooling tower = 3,900kcal/h
- Leaving Water Temperature is pre-selected within the limits of the DVM S WATER operation range (10°~45°C)- Entering Water Temperature is calculated by formula (b).- With these values, the cooling tower can be selected.
Required capacity(Q) = Sum(Cooling capacity + Power Input) of DVM S Water units (kW)
ΔT=Q / (m x specific heat)
Reference. Nominal capacity condition for cooling - Indoor temperature 27/19°C, Water in temperature 30°C, Standard water flow rate
Water piping elem
ents
Design condition Model Others
ID temp 27/19°COD temp 35/24°C
Water in 30°C
DVM S Water 10HPCooling capacity : 28kW
Power input : 5.05kWWater flow rate : 96ℓ/min
Quantity : 10eaCombi. Ratio 100%
11
3-2 Heat supply equipment
Reference to select intermediate heat exchanger
Example) Boiler selection
Condition
Calculation
Result - Boiler selection example
Boiler Capacity : 225,750kcal/h or more Entering water temperature : 24°C Leaving water temperature : 20°C
- Q(required capacity) = (31.5-5.25)*10 = 262.5kW = 225,750kcal/h- ΔT=Q / (m x specific heat capacity) = 225,750kcal/h ÷ (96ℓ/min x 60min/h x 10 x 1kcal/kg·°C x 1kg/ℓ) = 3.92 °C
An external heat source, usually in the form of a LPHW boiler and associated heat exchanger is necessary in applications in which the operating temperature of the water circuit cannot be maintained due to insufficient heat recovery within the system. The operating temperature of the boiler should be in the region of 90/70°C.
Water piping elem
ents
Design condition Model Others
ID temp 20/15°COD temp 7/6°CWater in 20°C
DVM S Water 10HPHeating capacity : 31.5kW
Power input : 5.25kWWater flow rate : 96ℓ/min
1.2 ~ 2.1Quantity : 10eaCombi. Ratio 100%
3-3 Water pipesThe 2-pipe layout is commonly used and consists out of one pipe to and one from the terminal (fan coil unit or DVM S WATER). Both chilled or hot water can be supplied to the terminal.
Water pipe selection Process
Pipe design - Direct or reverse return
Select pipe size
Select other parts
Calculation total head loss
Select water pump
Pipe route design - Minimization of pipe length
Flow rate calculation Head loss, friction loss calculation
Design guide for DVM S WATER
12
3 Water piping elements
Water piping elem
ents
2) Friction lossesIn order to force a fluid through a pipe, pressure is required to overcome the viscous friction forces. Friction loss occurs when water flow through a pipe.
Note The Darcy equation is the basis of all fluid flow equations and relates the pipe pressure drop required to overcome the fluid
viscous friction forces : ∂P = ( ρ * f * l * v² ) / ( 2 * d )
Where : ∂P= friction losses (Pa)
ρ = fluid density (kg/m³)
f = friction factor, depending on the roughness of the internal surface of the pipe (dimensionless)
l = pipe length (m)
v = fluid velocity (m/s)
d = internal pipe diameter (m)
Most air conditioning systems use steel pipe or copper tubing .
Based on the Darcy equation, the pipe friction / flow tables are made.
3-3 Water pipes
1) Constant water flow
ODU ODU ODU ODU
ODU ODU ODU ODU
a. Constant flow valves
b. Reverse return piping
The constant flow valve maintains a steady flow rate. For the stable operation, This constant water flow valve is required for each DVM S WATER unit.
The constant flow valve maintains a steady flow rate. For the stable operation, This constant water flow valve is required for each DVM S WATER unit.
: constant flow valve
13
Water piping elem
ents
3) Water velocityThe recommended water velocity through the piping is depending on two conditions :• pipe diameter• effect of erosion.
Recommended velocity range Max allowable velocity to minimize erosion
Design water velocity must be decided by the design engineer as Erosion is a function of time.
1year = 8760hr
Velocity ReliabilityHigh Erosion accelerating & noise may occur by contained air & sand & small particleLow Corrosion accelerating & Air may be stuck in the pipe
DiameterVelocity range[m/s]
[mm] [inch]125 or more 5 or more 2.1~2.7
50~100 2~4 1.2~2.1About 25 About 1 0.6~1.2
Running time (hr/year) Velocity(m/s)1,500 3.002,000 2.903,000 2.754,000 2.456,000 2.158,000 1.80
Pipe selection guide
v=10.0m/s
v=7.0m/s
v=5.0m/s
v=4.0m/s
v=3.0m/s
v=2.5m/s
v=2.0m/s
v=3.0m/s
v=2.5m/s
v=2.0m/s
v=1.5m/sv=1.0m
/s
v=0.8m/s
v=0.7m/s
v=0.6m/s
v=0.5m/s
v=0.4m/s
v=0.3m/sv=0.2m
/s
v=0.1m/s
v=1.5m/s
C=13010,000
8,000
6,0005,0004,000
3,000
2,000
1,000800
600500400
300
200
10080
6050
40
30
20
Friction loss(kPa/m)
Flo
w r
ate
(ℓ/m
in)
10
8
654
3
2
10.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.050.06 0.08 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1 2 4 6 8 10
300 Su
250 Su
200 Su
150 Su
125 Su
100 Su
80 Su
75 Su
60 Su
50 Su
40 Su
30 Su
25 Su
20 Su
13 Su
10 Su
v=1.0m/s
v=0.8m/s
v=0.7m/s
v=0.6m/s
v=0.5m/s
v=0.4m/s
Type : Stainless steel pipe
Design guide for DVM S WATER
14
3 Water piping elements3-3 Water pipes
4) Example of dimensioning the water pipes :
Water piping elem
ents
v=10.0m/s
v=7.0m/s
v=5.0m/s
v=4.0m/s
v=3.0m/s
v=2.5m/s
v=2.0m/s
v=3.0m/s
v=2.5m/s
v=2.0m/s
v=1.5m/sv=1.0m
/s
v=0.8m/s
v=0.7m/s
v=0.6m/s
v=0.5m/s
v=0.4m/s
v=0.3m/sv=0.2m
/s
v=0.1m/s
v=1.5m/s
C=130
40mmhigh friction loss
(2.04kPa/m)
10,000
8,000
6,0005,0004,000
3,000
2,000
1,000800
600500400
300
200
10080
6050
40
30
20
Friction loss(kPa/m)
Flo
w r
ate
(ℓ/m
in)
10
8
654
3
2
10.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.050.06 0.08 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1 2 4 6 8 10
300 Su
250 Su
200 Su
150 Su
125 Su
100 Su
80 Su
75 Su
60 Su
50 Su
40 Su
30 Su
25 Su
20 Su
13 Su
10 Su
1.2m/s
2.0m/s
v=1.0m/s
v=0.8m/s
v=0.7m/s
v=0.6m/s
v=0.5m/s
v=0.4m/s
75mmlow velocity
(0.79m/s)
v=10.0m/s
v=7.0m/s
v=5.0m/s
v=4.0m/s
v=3.0m/s
v=2.5m/s
v=2.0m/s
v=3.0m/s
v=2.5m/s
v=2.0m/s
v=1.5m/sv=1.0m
/s
v=0.8m/s
v=0.7m/s
v=0.6m/s
v=0.5m/s
v=0.4m/s
v=0.3m/sv=0.2m
/s
v=0.1m/s
v=1.5m/s
C=130
40mmhigh friction loss
(2.04kPa/m)
10,000
8,000
6,0005,0004,000
3,000
2,000
1,000800
600500400
300
200
10080
6050
40
30
20
Friction loss(kPa/m)
Flo
w r
ate
(ℓ/m
in)
10
8
654
3
2
10.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.050.06 0.08 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1 2 4 6 8 10
300 Su
250 Su
200 Su
150 Su
125 Su
100 Su
80 Su
75 Su
60 Su
50 Su
40 Su
30 Su
25 Su
20 Su
13 Su
10 Su
v=1.0m/s
v=0.8m/s
v=0.7m/s
v=0.6m/s
v=0.5m/s
v=0.4m/s
75mmlow velocity
(0.79m/s)
Hazen-Williams Equal
Example
• Condition - Type : Stainless steel pipe - Water flow : 200l/min - Friction loss : less than 1.2kPa - Select pipe size : ??
• Result #1 - Pipe : 50mm - Velocity : 1.99m/s - Friction loss : 1.05kPa
• Result #2 - Pipe : 60mm - Velocity : 1.28m/s - Friction loss : 0.36kPa ( lower than 0.4kPa - not efficiency)
Model 10HPWater Flow 96ℓ/minFriction loss 0.52kPa/m
Velocity 1.25m/sDiameter 40mm
Model 20HPWater Flow 192ℓ/minFriction loss 0.97kPa/m
Velocity 1.91m/sDiameter 50mm
Model 30HPWater Flow 288ℓ/minFriction loss 0.71kPa/m
Velocity 1.85m/sDiameter 60mm
15
3-4 Pumps
1. H_a : Head pressure by Level difference - Value is 0 in closed loop as no level difference
2. H_p : Friction loss by straight pipes
3. H_f : Equivalent length of friction loss by fittings - refer to the manual of manufacture
4. H_u : Friction loss from the condenser / evaporator in the units(cooling tower & DVM)
Water piping elem
ents
Water pump selection
3 Factor for pump selection
Flow rate :
Power
Total Head
Flow rate / Total head pressure / Power
Sum of required flow rate of each DVM Water.ex) 10HP DVM water 5ea : Total flow rate = 96l/min*5 = 480l/min
- To calculate motor power- This value will be used to select motor of water pump.
Power[kW] = q x ρ x g x h / (3.6 x 106) / η
q = flow rate (m3/h) ρ = density of fluid (kg/m3) (1,000 for water) g = gravity (9.81 m/s2) h = differential head (m) η = pump efficiency
H_t = H_a + H_p + H_f + H_u H_a : Head pressure by Level difference ( H_a value is 0 in closed loop ) H_p : Friction loss by straight pipes H_f : Equivalent length of friction loss by fittings H_u : Friction loss from the condenser / evaporator in the units(cooling tower & DVM)
Pipe size[mm] 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80Elbow 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.1 3.0T-connection straight through 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.7T-connection through branch 1.0 1.3 1.8 2.3 2.8 3.5 4.2 5.7Globe valve 4.5 6.5 9.0 11.0 16.0 21.0 26.0 30.0
Example : equivalent length of friction loss by fittings , [m]
Actual head of Delivery
Actual head of Delivery Actual head of
Delivery
Water head
Actual head of suction
Actual head of suction
Design guide for DVM S WATER
16
3 Water piping elements3-4 Pumps
Water piping elem
ents
Water pump selection
examplePlease select proper pump for below case
DVM Water 10HP Supply Return
Required flow rate : 96l/minPressure loss of PHE : 30kPa
Pressure loss of Cooling tower : 50kPa
Flow rate : 96l/minLength : 20m
Pipe Diameter : 32mmVelocity : 1.55m/s
Friction loss : 90mmAq/m
Flow rate : 96l/minLength : 25m
Pipe Diameter : 32mmVelocity : 1.55m/s
Friction loss : 90mmAq/m(kg)
H[m]
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Q[m3/h]
4
8
-330/2
-260/2
-220/2
-160/2
-80/2
12
16
20
24
28
32
Answer - Flow rate : 96l/min = 5.76m3/hr - Total head pressure(H_t) = 39.7+3.88+80 = 123.58kPa(12.6mAq) H_a : 0 H_p : H_(20+25)*90 = 4050mmAq = 39.7kPa H_f : 1.1*4*90 = 396mmAq = 3.88kPa(Elbow 4ea) H_u : 30kPa(PHE) + 50 = 80kPa - Power =5.76m3/h x 1,000kg/h x 9.81m/s2 x 12.6m ÷ 0.6 ÷ (3.6 x 10^6)kWh/Ws=0.33kW
Check from Catalogue
Cooing Tower
10HP DVM Water
IDU IDU
10m
17
3-6 Temperature and pressure measurement points
Temperature and pressure measurement points should be located at each DVM S WATER condensing unit.
Water piping elem
ents
P
P
P
PT
T
T
T
3-5 Expansion tank
The purpose of the expansion tank is to maintain system pressure by allowing the water to expand when the water temperature increases in order to prevent pipes from bursting. It also provides the means for adding water to the systemAn expansion tank is required in a closed system. In an open system, the reservoir acts as the expansion tank.
The expansion tank can be of the open or closed type.The open expansion tank (reservoir) is located at the suction side of the pump, above the highest point in the system. At this location, the tank provides atmospheric pressure equal to or higher than the pump suction, preventing air from leaking into the system.The closed expansion tank is used in small systems. The tank is located at the suction side of the pump.The capacity of a closed expansion tank is greater than that of an open expansion tank operating under the same conditions. It is recommended that closed type expansion tanks should be used.When sizing the expansion tank, the engineering supplied by the tank manufacturer should be consulted.
Pressure gauge Drain valve
Temperature gauge
Constant flow valve
Stop valve Strainer
2way valve Flexible joint
Service port
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
TManual valve
Electric valve
Flow switch Flow switch
For cleaning
Drain Drain
* interlocked with the system
Design guide for DVM S WATER
18
3 Water piping elements
System safety
requirements CAUTION
• Circle (O) denotes the factor relevant to corrosion or water scale.
• When the water temperature is over 40˚C, steel without protective coating may corrode when exposed to water. Applying corrosion prevention material or degassing can be an effective measure to prevent corrosion.
• For the cooling water and the make-up water, used under closed circuit water system with closed circuit cooling tower, should satisfy the standard shown in above table.
• Supplied water or make-up water should be tap water, industrial water or groundwater. Purified water, neutralized water and softened water should not be supplied.
• 15 items in the above table is a typical factor for corrosion and/or water scale.
3-7 Water quality
1. Standard of cooling water quality for air conditioning and the number of water quality inspection
Make sure to comply with the standards of water quality management.
�Cooling water with high level of external substances can cause pipe corrosion or creation of water scale which effects the product's performance and lifespan. (Use the appropriate heat source water according to the below table) If the system water is sourced from anything other than the local water supply, make sure to check the quality of water.
For water quality management on the heat source water of closed circuit water cooling must be done according to the below table. If the water quality is not managed according to the below table, it may decrease the performance of air conditioner and cause serious problem on the product.
Classification ItemClosed circuit system Effects Recommended
number for waterquality inspectionHeat source
waterMake-up
waterCorrosion Scale
Standardvalue
pH[25 °C] 7.0~8.0 7.0~8.0
Twice a monthElectric conductivity [25 °C] Twice a month (mS/m)
30 or below 30 or below
Chloride ion (mg Cl-/L) 50 or below 50 or below
Once a month
Sulfate ion (mg S04 2-/L) 50 or below 50 or below
M alkali level [pH 4.8](mg CaCo3/L)
50 or below 50 or below
Total hardness (mg CaCo3/L) 70 or below 70 or below
Calcium hardness (mg CaCo3/L)
50 or below 50 or below
Ionized silica (mg SiO2/L) 30 or below 30 or below
Reference
Iron (mg Fe/L) 1.0 or below 0.3 or below
Once a month
Copper (mg Cu/L) 1.0 or below 1.0 or below
Sulfate ion (mg S2-/L)Not to bedetected
Not to bedetected
Ammonium ion (mg NH4+/L) 0.3 or below 0.1 or below
Residual chlorine (mg Cl/L) 0.25 or below 0.3 or below
Free carbon dioxide (mg CO2/L) 0.4 or below 0.4 or below
Stability index lass lass
19
4-1 External contact connection
F low switch connection (Mandatory connection)
Pump out connection
• When flow switch is used, it will receive signal of the heat source water circulation and detects if there is any problem on water circulation before operating the outdoor unit.
• When there is no contact signal input to the flow switch, it will be diagnosed as 'Problem with the heat source water circulation' and outdoor unit will stop operating to protect outdoor unit.
• When the main pump is installed to common water pipe, powerless contact signal will be provided. (Refer to 'Installation example of extra controller such as 2way 2way solenoid valve and pump etc' in page 20.)
Flow switch turns on when flow amount increases
Connect flow switch wire to the FLOW-SW IN terminal regardless of the polarityPUMP OUT 2WAY V/V FLOW S/W Flow control
Water Hub PBA
Pump
Power source
Controller
PUMP OUT2WAY V/V FLOW S/W Flow control
Water Hub PBA
CAUTION• Pump out, 2way solenoid valve, flow switch can be used individually or together.
System safety
requirements
2Way solenoid valve
• When installing multiple number of outdoor units to a common water pipe, 2way valve will cut the cooling water supply to an outdoor unit that is not operating, so it will increase the overall efficiency of the system. 2Way solenoid valve will operate automatically depending on the operation status of the indoor and outdoor units. (Outputs contact signal)
• You may select either internal or external power cable connection for the 2way solenoid valve.
PUMP OUT 2WAY V/V FLOW S/W Flow control
(External power)
Power source
External controllerWater Hub PBA
(Internal power)
2Way solenoid valve
Connect the 2way solenoid valve cable to the 2way valve terminal regardless of the polarity. (However, Use external power if the load of solenoid valve is maximum 250 V and current over 0.2 A.)
4 System safety requirements
Design guide for DVM S WATER
20
4 System safety requirements
System safety
requirements
4-2 Explanation of optional functions
Flow control
Wiring method for optional functions
• After setting the outdoor unit option switch, you may connect variable flow control valve that is controlled at 0 ~ 10 V of input signal.
• If the power of variable flow control valve is 220-240 V, you may use the internal power of the outdoor unit.
• Use the external power if the load of variable solenoid valve is maximum 250 V and current over 0.2 A.)
• Output range of the variable flow control valve is different depending on the setting of the outdoor unit option switch
• 2way solenoid valve is a type that works at AC 220-240 V 50/60 Hz and supports product with 0.2 A or low. - For 2way solenoid valve with over 0.2 A, connect external power.
- For external power cable for 2way solenoid valve must use 600 V flame-resisting double layered cable.
• Product will not operate when flow switch is not installed.
When valve load is over 0.2 A use external power.
PUMP OUT 2WAY V/V FLOW S/W Flow control
Water Hub PBA
Variable flowcontrol valve
Power source
(External power)(Use internalpower)
Installation example of AC 220-240 V, direct operation type 2way solenoid valve
PUMP/2Way solenoid valve controller (PBA )
Controller
Outdoor unit
2Way solenoid valve
Flow switch
AC 220-240 V AC 220-240 V
2Way solenoidvalve OUT
PUMP OUT
PUMP F/B IN
Relay
Relay
Caution for wiring
Internal part of outdoor unit External part of outdoor unit
21
Wiring method for optional functions
• If the operation type of 2way solenoid valve is different, use extra controller.
- Also use external controller for pump.
- Outdoor unit only provides contact signal needed for 2way solenoid valve and pump operation. Therefore, do not use the contact signal from the air conditioner directly.
• Product will not operate when flow switch is not installed.
• Note 1) : Anti-freeze must be used when temperature of water inlet for heating is below 10°C or ground heat source is used. Maintain appropriate concentration level of anti-freeze according to temperature of water inlet.
• Note 2) : Strict management of anti-freeze concentration level is required. Consult Samsung before application.
• Note 3) : When inlet water temperature is outside of limit, consult Samsung before application.
Installation example of extra controller such as 2way solenoid valve and pump etc.
4-3 Anti freezing protection
PUMP/2Way solenoid valve controller (PBA)
Controller
Outdoor unit
2Way solenoid
valve
Flow switch
AC 220-240 V AC 220-240 V
2Way solenoid valve OUT
PUMP OUT
PUMP F/B IN
Relay
Relay
Caution for wiring
PUMP
AC 220-240 V
2Way solenoid valve, Pump controller
2Way solenoid valve, Pump
controller
Internal part of outdoor unit External part of outdoor unit
FUSE
• When inlet water temperature is lower than 10°C, appropriate anti-freeze must be used according to the temperature. (Set the outdoor unit option switches K21 and K22 according to the usage temperature.)
- When lowest inlet water temperature is -5°C, freezing point of anti-freeze must be lower than -8°C
- When lowest inlet water temperature is -10°C, freezing point of anti-freeze must be lower than -15°C
Design condition
TypeCirculating
waterOperation
Inlet water temperatureRemarks
Main usage range Usage range limit Note 3)
Heat sourcewater
Water loopCooling
20 ~ 35 °C 10 ~ 45 °CRefer to
'Cooling watermanagement'
Heating
Ground heatsource Note 1) Ground loop
Cooling 15 ~ 35 °C 10 ~ 45 °C
Heating 5 ~ 25 °C-5 ~ 45 °C
(-10 ~ 45 °C) Note 2)
System safety
requirements
Design guide for DVM S WATER
22
4 System safety requirements
System safety
requirements
• When using ground heat source, use anti-freeze to manage the freezing point. If you do not use anti-freeze, it will cause the pipes to freeze and burst. Note that the manufacturer does not take responsibility for any damage caused.
1) All the circulating water (anti-freeze) and additives (corrosion inhibitor, bacteria inhibitor, foam inhibitors) must be used after consulting with local regulations or relevant authorities for its impact on environment, toxicity, corrosiveness, harmfulness to human and management plan.
2) Designer/engineer must take extra care regarding on handling, packaging and transporting regulations and procedure of the anti-freeze.
3) Do not use the anti-freeze that is harmful to humans or equipment. In addition, anti-freeze must be injected to the pipe according to specification and concentration level that is actually required by system. (Do not directly inject undiluted solution, consult business ordering party or supervisor when undiluted solution was brought to the site)
4) Before injecting the anti-freeze, evacuate any air that may remain in the system and apply pressure to check for leakage.
5) User must monitor and manage periodically to maintain initially designed concentration level of the anti-freeze. If the concentration level decrease due to leakage or over certain period of time, it may cause due to pipe to freeze and burst.
6) Usage condition of the anti-freeze when ground heat exchanger is installed (mandatory)
- Flash point: Flash point of the anti-freeze must be over 90 °C.
- Biochemical oxygen demand: A mount of oxygen in 1 g of anti-freeze at 10 °C must be within 0.1~0.2 g and this value must be maintained for 5 days.
- Freezing point: Maintain concentration level of the anti-freeze so that freezing point of the anti-freeze complies to the setting of the option switch (K21/K22).
- Toxicity : LD50 per each 1 kg of anti-freeze must be less than 5 g.
- Storage stability : It must not be separate when heated or cooled, and also turbidity should not be increased.
- Corrosion resistance : It must be corrosion resistant to all the metallic material used for ground heat pumps and pipes.
- Scale : Scale that has been accumulated on the plate type heat exchanger for one year of performance should not cause performance decrease over 15%.
• Standard data for status of Anti-freeze (Based on temperature of anti-freeze at 15 °C)
Samsung guide
Type of anti-freeze (Based on 15 °C) Concentration [% Wt.] Freezing temperature Density [kg/m3]
Methanol10 -5.6 983.6020 -11.7 975.60
Ethanol10 -3.9 983.6020 -8.3 972.40
Ethylene glycol
10 -3.2 1014.8720 -7.8 1031.3930 -14.1 1047.0740 -22.3 1061.65
Propylene glycol
10 -3.3 1009.7520 -7.1 1020.9130 -12.7 1030.5140 -21.1 1038.65
4-4 Strainer (Mandatory) Purpose : To filter the water and protect plate heat exchanger against dirt.
Installation : Install strainer 50mesh or more for each water inlet of outdoor unit.
Strainer screenFluid Pressure Mesh size Material(strainer/mesh)Water 1.96MPa 50 Mesh or more AISI316 / SUS304
Type Mesh Type Punching Type Mixed Type
Feature
Type Wire Punching in plateWire Type(inner) +
Punching Type(outer)
FeatureFiltration area : large
Stiffness : badFiltration area : small
Stiffness : goodFiltration area : large
Stiffness : good
Water O
4-3 Anti freezing protection
23
Installation example
5-1 Closed cooling tower
P T P TP T P T P T P T
Heat e xchanger
Expansion tank
Expansion tank
Boiler
Cooling to wer
Valve Pressure gauge
Air Vent Temperature gauge
Pump Strainer
3way valve Flexible joint
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
5 Installation example
Design guide for DVM S WATER
24
5 Installation example
Installation example
5-2 Open cooling tower
P T P TP T P T P T P T
Heat e xchanger
Expansion tank
Heat e xchanger
Cooling to wer
Expansion tank
Boiler
Valve Pressure gauge
Air Vent Temperature gauge
Pump Strainer
3way valve Flexible joint
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
25
5-3 Geothermal heat source
P T P TP T P T P T P T
Geothermal Trench
Makeup water tank
Supply header Return header
Geothermal boring hole
Expansion tank
Valve Pressure gauge
Air Vent Temperature gauge
Pump Strainer
3way valve Flexible joint
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
P
T
Installation example
2014.04
Samsung Electronics Co., LTD.B2B PM / SEHead Office (Suwon Korea) 129, Samsung-Ro, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon City, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea 443-742Website : www.samsung.com/global/business/system-air-conditioner Email : airconditioner@samsung.com
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