Post on 28-Mar-2015
University California Santa Barbara
Demand ResponseMay 9, 2008
United States◦ 40 Million People◦ 8 States
Canada◦ 10 Million People◦ 7 Provinces
Cost $6.0 to 10.0 Billion
North East Blackout 2003
Power Grid Infrastructure 50 to 100 years old
Forecasted growth way under estimated Did not anticipate new electronics
◦ Computers◦ Air Conditioners◦ Game Boys◦ Televisions ◦ Cell Phone Chargers◦ Passive Drain
Cell Phone chargers, TV’s, Microwave, DVDs Cell Phone chargers (not charging phone) consume
over 900,000 Mw-hours/year
Why do we need Demand Response?
Grid Overloaded during Summer Months Power consumption continues to grow over
2% per year Reduce burning fossil fuels, and generating
greenhouse gasses Eliminate Spinning Reserve
Why do we need Demand Response?
Power can be disrupted during Summer General public does not understand
shortage of power Large commercial and industrial users
consume 70% of power Commercial and industrial users have not
understood their role in power management◦ Have the ability to mitigate rolling blackouts
Residential customers are at work or school
General Public Un-informed
Without demand response CAISO does not have enough control of grid
Rolling blackouts are still a threat Large consumers can change rolling
blackout risks
Commercial and Industrial
Three methods that help power consumption and generation◦ Efficiency
CFL, high efficiency A/C ect.◦ Wind
Generates non-polluting clean energy Out of sequence with peak demand
◦ Solar Best method that helps peak reduction
Can these methods keep up with 2% growth in power consumption?
Solar, Wind, Efficiency?
Building new power plants is not an option◦ 3% to 7% of the year there is a problem on the
Grid No problem in October, small time during summer
◦ Not feasible Cost Pollution
◦ Transmission lines Cost Permits
We need to better manage our grid◦ Energy act 2005
Build New Infrastructure?
Reduce energy costs◦ Curtail interruptible load at peak price◦ User Selected
Air Conditioners Lights Non-critical machines, pool pumps ect
◦ Critical Loads are not affected Computers/Servers Inner area lights Ventilation
What is Demand Response?
User selected Loads◦ Critical and Non-critical
If CAISO calls Stage 2 Emergency ◦ Mica-Tech system sends signal to user Energy
Management System EMS to reduce selected◦ Pre-cooling
CAISO will notify day ahead warning Set Thermostat 2 deg cooler prior to event
How Does it Work?
One Event per Day 4 hours maximum Will not exceed 120 hours per year
How Often?
Power Grid System Security and Reliability◦ Transmission Substation
Highest level of SCADA Power Grid Control 2000 and 2001 Rolling blackouts
◦ Utilized Mica-Tech Network (over 20,000 Mw) Single Largest Demand Response Action with Mica-
Tech equipment
Why Mica-Tech?
SCADA-Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition◦ 50,000 Sq Mi territory Southern California◦ Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Nebraska and
Arizona◦ Over 10 years live grid
Reliable and Secure◦ Transmission Substations and Hydro sites (Dams)
Mica-Tech Inc.
Secure not internet based◦ CIA: Hackers to Blame for Power Outages
Hackers literally turned out the lights in multiple cities after breaking into electrical utilities and demanding extortion payments before disrupting the power, a senior CIA analyst told utility engineers at a trade conference.
◦ Bank hack attacks up 81% Mica-Tech System private satellite network
◦ Over 10 years cannot be hacked◦ Demand Response should not put operations at
risk CAISO has been hacked CAISO/Mica-Tech Joint Project
Why Mica-Tech?
No Cost- Installation and Management Technical Assistance
No Training of Personal -fully automatic No Penalties Cash incentive
Program Details
Could work to cut usage just like power Where?
◦ Pump water back over dam◦ Farms not economically feasible crops die◦ Lawns? Yes
Limit use Schedule best time to water Cut use entirely
Demand Response Water?
University California Santa Barbara