Post on 02-Jan-2022
Deepwater Horizon Blowout April, 2010
Transocean Horizon Drilling for BP April, 2010
11 of 126 people on Board Died
115 People Evacuated Safely
Where we find oil: porous rock
Hydrocarbon Traps
Images courtesy of http://www.planete‐energies.com
Land Rig Offshore Jack‐up Rig
WATER DEPTH RANGES FOR DEEPWATER PLATFORMS
Safety and Environmental Protection are Critical! Deepwater Horizon
There has not been an offshore accident of this magnitude in the US since the late 1960s.
REGION
Hydraulically operated locking mechanisms,
wedgelocks, lock the ram hydraulically and
hold the rams mechanically closed even when
actuating pressure is released.
The operating system can be interlocked using
sequence caps to ensure that the wedgelock
is retracted before pressure is applied to open
the BOP.
For subsea applications, a pressure balance
chamber is used with the wedgelocks to
eliminate the possibility of the wedgelock
becoming unlocked due to hydrostatic
pressure.
Closing pressure forces the operating piston and pusher
plate upward to displace the solid elastomer donut and
force the packer to close inward. As the packer closes,
steel reinforcing inserts rotate inward to form a
continuous support ring of steel at the top and bottom
of the packer. The inserts remain in contact with each
other whether the packer is open, closed on pipe or
closed on open hole.
Conductor Pipe
Surface Casing
Intermediate Casing
Production Casing
Figure 5.3
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Figure 5.6
Perforated
Cased Hole
Completion
2009 Analysis of U.S. Oil Spillage ‐
API
Source: National Research Council, “Oil in the Seas,”
Table 3.2, 2002
Natural seeps contribute 46% of the oil in oceans worldwide; E&P accounts for less than 4%
IADC 2008 European Water Totals
Total Man‐hours 38,049,523
Total Medical Treatment Incidents 95
Total Restricted Work Incidents 43
Total Lost Time Incidents 51
Total Fatalities
0
Total Recordables
189
LTI Incidence Rate
0.27
LTI Frequency Rate
1.34
IADC 2008 US Water Totals
Total Man‐hours
39,665,580
Total Medical Treatment Incidents 118
Total Restricted Work Incidents 100
Total Lost Time Incidents
26
Total Fatalities
3
Total Recordables
247
LTI Incidence Rate
0.15
LTI Frequency Rate
0.73
Lost Time Incidence Rate = LTIs + FTLs X 200,000Lost Time Frequency Rate = LTIs +FTLs X 1,000,000
World demand for energy expands 45% by 2030
Source: IEA World Energy Outlook 2008
Conclusions
• We are performing a service the world demands• Accidents will happen with disastrous local
effects• Rationing energy use for the next ??? Years will
have much greater global economic and environmental results
• We can never be certain that our systems and procedures will not fail again
• 11 of our fellow workers died• 115 were evacuated safely