Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

David Smith for the Bordeaux 4 1

DC2 Pulsar studies using known DC2 Pulsar studies using known ephemeredesephemeredes

David Smith forDenis Dumora,Thierry Reposeur, Damien Parent, & Marie-Helène Grondin

CENBG/In2p3/CNRS Bordeaux, France

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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TopicsTopics

1. Census

2. Localization

3. Sensitivity

4. Multiwavelength lightcurves, and ephemeredes quality.

5. Fluxes and Phase-resolved spectroscopy

6. Beyond DC2…

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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1. Census1. Census

• Start from a single .fits file with all 55 days and the full sky, as per Thierry’s method (see e.g. Marcus’ posting, https://confluence.slac.stanford.edu/display/DC2/2006/05/03/New+Merged+DC2+Fits+File

)

• “Damien’s script” – loop over all 98 PSR’s listed in the ephemeredes D4.fits file (“DC2_pulsardb_v2.fits”) and execute gtselect gtbary gtpsearch gtpphase. Translate output to root, output is “storyboard” .pdf file with one page per pulsar, see

https://confluence.slac.stanford.edu/display/DC2/2006/04/24/Automatic+phase+analysis+of+pulsars

• We find 44 pulsars.

• Next slides: examples of script output (a few of the 98 pages…)

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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gtselect on 3° radius. Dark circle shows 0.5° “cookie cutter”.

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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Here, 1° cut.We played with <500/E cut: unsatisfying.

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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5 EGRET pulsars appear clearly.Here is the 6th.We can re-produce Max Razzano’s (*) result for ‘1951+32 but it’s not a “clean detection”,i.e. “stat test” not much above noise level of ~20.

(*) https://confluence.slac.stanford.edu/display/DC2/First+Analysis+of+EGRET+pulsars+with+DC2+Re-generated+data++%28M.Razzano%29

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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Sky map: of 98 pulsars listed in Sky map: of 98 pulsars listed in D4.fits, 44 are easily detected D4.fits, 44 are easily detected

• Of the 98 pulsars listed in the D4 ephemeredes, we pick up 35 (all crosses). Of those, 16(?) are in Jean Ballet’s catalog (other color crosses or other shapes).

• For fun also add Marcus’ sources? Tally overlap of his and the 98 and ours?

• As ‘1951+32 was seen by EGRET but not in 3rd catalog, so we have ones like that.

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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44 of 98: names & addresses44 of 98: names & addresses

44 seen in 2 cut sets

12 more in 1 cut set

“seen” ==1 criteria currently subjective, work in progress…

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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Sky map: of the 44 detections, 27 are Sky map: of the 44 detections, 27 are in J. Ballet catalog. in J. Ballet catalog.

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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27 of 44: names & addresses27 of 44: names & addressesMRF0030_v2 PSR_J1821p17MRF0039_v2 PSR_J2229p6114MRF0054_v2 PSR_J1836m0436MRF0066_v2 PSR_J1837m0559MRF0074_v2 PSR_J1841m0501MRF0082_v2 PSR_J1856p0113MRF0108_v2 PSR_J1852m2610MRF0126_v2 PSR_J1745m0952MRF0167_v2 PSR_B1055m52 EgretMRF0171_v2 PSR_J0633p1746 GemingaMRF0180_v2 PSR_J1739m2903MRF0184_v2 PSR_J0717m1235MRF0197_v2 PSR_J1420m6048MRF0200_v2 PSR_J0904m5008 See Omar's talkMRF0205_v2 PSR_J0955m5434MRF0209_v2 PSR_J1640m4648MRF0216_v2 PSR_J1104m6103MRF0223_v2 PSR_B0833m45 VelaMRF0231_v2 PSR_J1239m6515MRF0237_v2 PSR_J1638m5226MRF0239_v2 PSR_J1707m4729MRF0244_v2 PSR_J1741m3927MRF0249_v2 PSR_B0531p21 CrabMRF0260_v2 PSR_J1735m5757MRF0404_v2 PSR_J1015m5719MRF0470_v2 PSR_J1741m2019MRF0497_v2 PSR_J0837m3515

MRF0233_v2 is 1706-44

MRF0040_v2 is 1951+32

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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2. Localisation2. Localisation

• Science requirement is 0.5 arc minutes = 0.0083 degrees (for

what exposure and what background?). This is called SOURCELOC in the DC2 results we’re supposed to generate,

https://confluence.slac.stanford.edu/display/DC2/DC2+Analysis+Results

• 27 pulsars with known positions in D4.fits ephemeredes database and also positions in J. Ballet catalog (gtsrcid prob >70%)

• Plot distributions of position difference (next slide).

• Blazars will do this better in the long run, but pulsars have advantages at low galactic latitude, and can be seen quickly enough for ISOC to do monitoring.

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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PSR positions vs LAT Catalog positionsPSR positions vs LAT Catalog positions

RMS=0.014° (0.84 arc min)

Post DC2: better selection

of LAT catalog sources and

use of position uncertainties…

By Damien Parent

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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3. Sensitivity3. Sensitivity

• After closeout truth unveiled, will compare detections vs MC intensity ; pulse widths ; background level ; spectrum hardness…

• Meanwhile: for an idealized pulsar, detection versus intensity. For LAT paper?

Level seen for ‘1951…

Parabola.Here, 1E-6.

By Thierry Reposeur & Damien Parent

/cm²/s (>30 MeV)

Crab intensity

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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Determining pulsar sensitivity…Determining pulsar sensitivity…

• From L.M. Kuiper et al.(2001) pulsar “Total Pulse emission” is 2E-4 MeV/cm²/s, or ~7E-6 /cm²/s for E>30 MeV.• Preceding slide: ~1E-8 detection threshold for “crab” background level, so “sensitivity” is 0.07 Crab after one year.• For background level of PSR B1951+32, about 3 times higher. • After DC2 Truth Revealed will fill in plot for range of pulse shapes, spectra, backgrounds…

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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4a. Multiwavelength light curves4a. Multiwavelength light curves

• Absolute phase critical for much pulsar science, e.g. beam geometry versus energy.

• Radio peak defines phase=0 for most pulsars. Ephemeredes must be accurate and up to date.

B

Radio Cone

On-beam -ray ConeRadio Core

(Cartoon courtesy Alice Harding)

Crab, L.M. Kuiper et al.(2001)

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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6 x EGRET versus DC2 phases6 x EGRET versus DC2 phasesStudy by Denis Dumora

Dotted lines: Fierro light curves from Max R

Colored histos:DC2 results

Absolute phase is strange…

Stable weekly, daily.

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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4b. About ephemeredes quality4b. About ephemeredes quality

• A few of the DC2 pulsars had bad ephemeredes:

1055-52 had an unphysical f2 of 1E-12, making f1>0 within the 55 days (pulsars don’t normally speed up…)

1638-5226 had a database frequency quite different from the observed (gtpsearch) frequency.

• We’re working on having the best radio ephemeredes possible… in real life, accidents happen, so check your numbers (blind test results were useful to us, thanks Marcus).

• Another example on next slide.

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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Frequency drift…Frequency drift…

Several DC2 pulsars have wiiiide single peaks, not EGRET-like. Physics, or messyephemeredes? For this one, clear drift.Sharper peak if you set f1=f2=0.

Pisa made the tower straight but not the plot.

55

days

(MET s

eco

nds)

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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celeste nebula

5. Flux & Phase-resolved 5. Flux & Phase-resolved spectroscopyspectroscopy

• Again, important in understanding beam geometry.

• gtselect doesn’t include “phase” so use fselect instead.

• We have some preliminary non-DC2 likelihood results, but this will be a post-DC2 study.

Kuiper data & fits naïvely extended to 50 GeV

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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6. Beyond DC26. Beyond DC2

• currently fmerge fappend of the 7 one-week files but will want to do gtselect from the GSFC server but won’t want to fill the GUI in by hand for all 250 candidates thus we request a way to submit lists to the server

• Learn how to unpack the irf’s to see parameter vs parameter eg Area versus angle relative to detector?

• In real life, some first-year radio ephemeredes applied to weak gamma candidates will have gaps, overlaps, anomalies. We need to develop & exercise tools to handle this.

• Phase-resolved spectroscopy studies are only at their start.

• 1 GeV search then gtpsearch gives new pulsars, need to feed freq back to pre-cut.

• loosen cuts to get more photons? Go back to the merit tuples and learn how to put them in the right .fits format. Perhaps this will be a post-closeout study. Eduardo and I started looking at the merit files during the very first days of DC2, then bordeaux-psr went off to Science Tools and Fits land.

Pulsar searches with known ephemeredes DC2 Closeout, 1 June 2006

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ConclusionsConclusions

• Discoveries with two months of simulated data multiply the number of known radio-loud gamma ray pulsars by SEVEN.

• For our group, DC2 was a raging success : Before, we were ignorant about Science Tools ; now we’re in the thick of it, with bold plans to prepare for real data.

• For that, many thanks to the people who made DC2 happen.

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AppendixAppendix

Extra slides

Crab Pulsar Limit Ap. J. 566, 343-357 (2002)

60 GeV

(Fierro et al)

CELESTE: Eo<26 GeV

<0.5 /minute