Data Collection and Management with GPS & GIS

Quentin Rund for the High Desert ESD

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section 1 - 2

Logistics• Daily schedule

• Start• Lunch• Finish

• Facilities• Refreshments and break area• Restrooms• Telephones and messages

• Feedback

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section 1 - 3

Teaching methods• Lectures• Exercises• Demonstrations• Class materials

• Getting to Know ArcGIS Exercise book• Course CD• Lecture Notes

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section 1 - 4

Topics covered in Getting to Know ArcGIS• Day One

• Getting to know GIS• Getting started with maps and data• Displaying data

• Day Two• Getting information about features• Analyzing feature relationships

• Day Three• Creating and editing data• Presenting data

Workshop Agenda

Day One• Intro to Precision Ag• Determining Location• Navigating Waypoints• Collecting Waypoints• About Attributes• Data Layers

Day Two• Getting to know ArcGIS• Add data layers to GIS• Working with tables• Editing data• Symbolizing Data• GIS analysis• Discussion of GIS in the

classroom

Me• Quentin Rund• PAQ Interactive• GIS since 1994• Remote Sensing• GIS data analysis• Farm background

Workshop Effectiveness• Pre-Test

• Gauge knowledge• Establish baseline

• Post Test• See if improved (awake)• Evaluate methods

Objectives• Gain experience with a handheld GPS• Collect data• Migrate data to a GIS• Use GIS to map features• Build local map• Discover ways to use GPS/GIS in the classroom

Intro to Precision Ag Technologies

Outline• Precision Ag• Tools of the Trade• Additional Resources

Precision Ag Practices• Fertilizer – variable-rate application• Planting – row control, variable rate, variety• Harvest – collecting yield data• Remote Sensing – growth• Crop Scouting• Chemical Application

Precision Ag Resources• NSF

• AgrowKnowledge• GeoTech Center

• Conferences• International Conference on Precision Agriculture• InfoAg

• Online Resources• Precisionag.com• Precisionagnetwork.com

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section 5 - 12

NSF Resource Centers• www.agrowknow.org • www.geotechcenter.org

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section 5 - 13

Conferences• www.icpaonline.org • www.infoag.org

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section 5 - 14

Online Resources• www.precisionag.com • www.precisionagnetwork.com

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section 5 - 15

Tools Needed for Precision Ag• Location• Data/Analysis• Equipment

Workshop• GPS• GIS• Exercises• In the Classroom

Getting to Know ArcGIS

GPS Technology

Section 5 - 18

GPS Basics • Global Positioning System

• Satellite constellation• Receivers• Ground control system

• Information available• Location• Time• Speed• Direction

Components of the GPS

Control Segment

Space Segment

User Segment

Monitor Stations

GroundAntennas

Master Station

How It Works• Signal sent from satellites• Receiver determines distance from satellite• Uses multiple distances to triangulate position

Signal from One Satellite

The receiver is somewhere on this sphere.

Triangulation (1 sat)

Geometric Principle: You can find one location if you know its distance from other, already-known locations.

Triangulation (2 sats)

Triangulation (3 sats)

Sources of Signal Interference

Earth’s Atmosphere

Metal Electro-magnetic Fields

Solid Structures

Circle of Error

X

Making it Better• WAAS• DGPS• RTK

Geostationary WAAS satellites

GPS Constellation

WAAS Control Station (West Coast)

Local Area System (LAAS)

WAAS Control Station (East Coast)

Wide Area Augmentation System

How GPS Is Used• Determining Location• Returning to Waypoints• Recording Waypoints

GPS-Receivers

Garmin eTrex• Buttons and pages

Coordinate systems

Coordinate Systems• DD – Decimal Degrees 42.675849°• DM – Degrees Minutes 42° 34.5675’• DMS – Degrees, Minutes, Seconds 42° 34’ 23.5”• UTM – Northing 23 484.45

Exercise 1 Collecting Location• Objective

• Become familiar with basic use of receiver• Be able to change coordinate system formats

• Materials Needed• Worksheet• GPS Receiver

• Assignment• Choose series of objects• Walk to objects and record coordinates

Discussion• Observations• Feature Sets

• Types of objects located• Thinking about data layers

• In the Classroom

Post-Lunch• Review morning

• Precision Ag• GPS• Collecting Location

• Waypoints

Waypoints• Examples of Using Waypoints

• Scouting• Remote Sensing Observations• Teacher Locations

WaypointsWaypoints are locations or landmarks that can be stored in your GPS. Waypoints may be defined and stored in the unit manually by inputting latitude and longitude from a map or other reference. Or more usually, waypoints may be entered directly by taking a reading with the unit at the location itself, giving it a name, and then saving the point.

Latitude and Longitude

Your location

Direction of waypoint

Date andTime

Waypoint

Getting to Know ArcGIS Section 1 - 41

Linking features and attributes • Feature classes are tables that store spatial data• Each feature has a record in the table

• Unique identifier links feature and attributes

Exercise 2 Navigate Waypoints• Objective

• Use GPS to navigate to known points• Materials

• GPS Receiver• Worksheet with locations

• Assignment• Walk to coordinates and record features

20 points

• Cache of goodies established by individuals• Coordinates published on Web• Find cache

• Leave a message• Leave some treasure• Take some treasure

• http://www.geocaching.com/

Geocaching

Discussion• Observations• In the Classroom• Rubric (from Terry Brase, Kirkwood College)

Features/Attributes• Feature sets (discuss what’s been discovered)• How a feature set is a data layer

• Identify mappable objects that could become features on a map• Create a Data Outline for these features

• Attributes

Identify Objects• Identify objects around this room that are “mappable” • Which items might be worthwhile to have an ‘inventory’ of?• Select two features from your list• Identify two attributes for each feature that you would want to know

about• Consider attribute values

Exercise 3 Collecting Waypoints• Objective

• Consider features and attributes for spatial data• Choose feature set to inventory• Choose attributes to record• Survey campus for features• Go outside• Discussion

Discussion• Observation• In the Classroom

• Research ways in which GPS is used• Weirdest use of GPS• Best use of GPS

Data Entry• Keying in data

• Type data into excel or txt file• File transfer