Post on 24-Mar-2020
CIE Division 8 Meeting 6 Nov 2007
Officers present:
Sabine Susstrunk (Div 8 Director), Nathan Moroney (Secretary), Ann McCarthy (Editor)
The Director introduced the new officers of Division 8 and then reviewed current TC work.
Slides for that material are attached.
Additional notes from TC discussion:
TC8-08: “Guidelines for testing HDR rendering”. Note that qualifying the display that will be
used to evaluate the images is critical to this work. If the display itself is limited then HDR
judgment will be impaired.
TC8-09: “Image Archiving”. Note: the committee should look at PDF/A which addresses some
of this.
TC8-10: “Office Lighting for Imaging”. Currently asking for volunteers to do spectral
measurements in various office locations around the world.
TC8-11: CIECAM02-Mathematics: Changjun Li (UK), newly created TC. Terms of reference:
to improve CIECAM02 model to avoid the mathematical inconsistencies; to enable CIECAM02
to work in colour management applications. Lunch Wed Nov 7 to continue the discussion.
Discussion:
1. The colours that are causing the issue are near the spectral locus. Some consider these
colours to have little practical importance. The correction needed is to clarify the
mathematics.
2. Perhaps these colours are important for next generation displays.
3. Part of the discussion in this TC will be to define the applicability of the CIECAM02
model (e.g., PCS, colour difference, spectral colours).
4. The McCann data set was discarded in making the current CIECAM02. It does not fit
well to the overall model. Perhaps that data set should be an indicator of the correction
that is needed.
5. There is debate regarding whether narrow band imaging is intended to be included in
CIECAM02. This TC would appreciate contributions of data sets of narrow band colours.
6. What is needed is canonical closed form method to handle all PCS CIELAB and
CIEXYZ colours in colour management systems.
7. Will the CIECAM02 correction be a mathematical modification within the current
structure, or will behavior need to be changed to address narrow band colour.
8. Perhaps the approach should be for a short term fix (tweak the mathematics) but also to
look at future needs for spectral imaging.
9. Tweaking the mathematics (CAT) will not address the issues of dealing with the full
range of PCS colours.
TC8-12: HVS-based quality assessment for video imaging
Includes dealing with different media and different viewing conditions – regarding how to
evaluate videos on different displays.
Liaison has been established with SC29/WG1. Recommended new liaison with IEC
TC100 TA11. May also need liaisons with I3A CPIQ and MIPC, if cell phones / mobile
devices are included.
Membership discussion:
Q: How does a person become a member of a TC?
A: Most committees have two lists, active contributors and observers. Simply send a note to the
TC Chair to be added to one of these lists. Also, any national committee (one of 40 countries)
can appoint a member to a committee. When the report is done, only the people who actively
contributed are listed.
Meetings and travel:
Note that TC meetings can be held anywhere, e.g., co-located with other meetings as appropriate
per the TC chair. Sabine plans to encourage co-location of the TCs with CIC. Div 8 annual
meeting will likely be located in EU to minimize travel cost for academics. Noted that each
Division can decide where to meet. CIE requirement is for each Division to meet at least once
per 4 years at the CIE Quadrennial meeting. The ICC will have one of its meetings with the CIC
each year and collocating CIE Div 8 with those folks is good. Notice has to be sent 3-4 months
ahead.
Note that in other CIE Divisions the TCs meet once per year. Should ‘customers’ be members of
the CIE committees? Not necessarily.
There are two aspects, meetings for good discussion, and then acting on the outcomes of the
discussion. We need to have follow-up from the discussions to get work done.
CIE is heavily academic, with some industrial participation. Academics can be motivated by
intellectual curiosity. Industry is motivated to enable new product solutions.
Attendees expressed interest in official CIE Div 8 meetings with next CIC and ICC meeting.
Free form discussion of topics for Div 8 work:
Division 1 related works of interest:
1. Clarify and communicate the validity of the colour matching functions. Note: Mark
Fairchild is giving a talk on this in CIC. Address observer metamerism, physiological
colour matching functions.
2. Vision understanding related to the contrast sensitivity function.
3. Parameterization of surface and sub surface reflection, absorption, and emission
behavior as a function of illumination SPD and incident angle – with the goal of
understanding how these contribute to visual appearance. achieved via surface + near
surface reflection and absorption behavior. Can these be described using surface pixel
orientation, two layers of “surface” color, opacity of outer surface, texture map of surface,
BRDF? How is visual appearance dependent/independent of location of light source?
Proposed for Division 8:
Looking at vision from a more subjective point of view – how does it really work and how can
understanding more about vision inform the image re-purposing and re-targeting technologies.
A lot of what is done in re-rendering is not about preserving appearance. There are two aspects,
re-rendering for new optimization and preserving appearance.
Is the psychophysical testing method the CIE uses sufficient? In which situations is Thurston’s
case 5 the correct approach?
Professor Luo proposal: To recommend a gamut for real surface colours with associated spectral
reflectance data.
Surface colour industries (e.g., textiles) would like to determine the set of display primary
colorants (the display gamut) needed to represent the full gamut of surface colors. The
use case is to do display and reproduction of material surface colors. Sun Chemical has
contributed a large collection of spectral data based on modern double-beam
spectrophotometers. Inputs also from ISO print gamut, Pointer’s boundary.
Eric and Jack – there is a need for fundamental work in determining the gamut of real colors in
situ as characterized by their spectral radiances. Translumination characteristics are part of this.
No foundation work has been standardized. Understanding the adopted white in the scene is a
required part of this.
Attendees: Name Representing Email
Sabine Susstrunk EPFL sabine.susstrunk@epfl.ch
Sergey Bezryadin KWE II sergey@kweii.com
Ann McCarthy Lexmark International, Inc. almccart@lexmark.com
Mark Fairchild RIT mdf@cis.rit.edu
Mitch Rosen RIT rosen@cis.rit.edu
Ronnie Luo Leeds m.r.luo@leeds.ac.uk
Changjun Li Leeds c.li@leeds.ac.uk
David McDowell Kodak mcdowell@kodak.com
Ellen Carter Konica Minolta ellen.carter@alum.rpi.edu
Ericka Kanematsu Nikon erica.k@nikon.co.jp
Hitoshi Urabe Fuji Film hitoshi_urabe@fujifilm.co.jp
Craig Revie Fuji Film craig.revie@ffei.co.uk
Arkedy Ten Canon Development Americas arkady.ten@cda.canon.com
John Haikin Canon Development Americas john.haikin@cda.canon.com
John Dalrymple Sharp Labs jdalrymple@sharplabs.com
Jason Harrison Dolby Laboratories jason.harrison@dolby.com
Dragan Sekulovski Philips Research dragan.sekulovski@philips.com
Ingrid Vogels Philips Research ingrid.m.vogels@philips.com
Shu Tanabe Toppan Printing stanabe@ta.toppan.com
Takayuki Hasegawa Toppan Printing takayuki.hasegawa@toppan.co.jp
Peter Zolliker Empa Dubendorf peter.zolliker@empa.ch
Yasuki Yamauchi Fuji Xerox yasuki.yamauchi@fujixerox.co.jp
Alessandro Ledda Ghent University ledda@telin.ugent.be
Ivar Farup Gjøvik University College ivar.farup@hig.no
Graeme Gill Argyll CMS graeme@argyllcms.com
Fumio Nakaya Fuji Xerox fumio.nakaya@fujixerox.co.jp
Eric Walowit self rikwalowit@aol.com
Marc Mahy Agfa Graphics N.V. marc.mahy@agfa.com
Veronika Lovell Sun Chemical veronika.lovell@sunchemical.com
Nathan Moroney HP n8@hp.com
Jack Holm HP jack.holm@hp.com
Max Derhak Onyx Graphics max.derhak@onyxgfx.com
Uwe-Jens Krabbenhoeft Heidelberg uwe-jens.krabbenhoeft@heidelberg.com
Geoff Woolfe Xerox geoffrey.woolfe@xeroxlabs.com
Rob Buckley Xerox Robert.Buckley@xerox.com
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 1
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
CIE Division 8 Open Meeting
Sabine Süsstrunk, Director, sabine.susstrunk@epfl.ch
Nathan Moroney, Secretary, nathan.moroney@hp.com
Ann McCarthy, Editor, almccart@lexmark.com
Website: under construction
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Agenda
• Short presentation of CIE Division 8
• Short presentations of existing TCs
• Open discussion about current andfuture work
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 2
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
CIE Division 8
• Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage– International Commission on Illumination
– Internationale Beleuchtungskommission
• 40 National Committees
• 8 Divisions– Div 1: Vision and Colour
– Div 2: Measurement of Light and Radiation
– Div 3: Interior Environment and Lighting Design
– Div 4: Lighting and Signaling for Transport
– Div 5: Exterior Lighting and Other Applications
– Div 6: Photobiology and Photochemistry
– Div 8: Image Technology
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Terms of Reference
• To study procedures and prepareguides and standards for the optical,visual and metrological aspects of thecommunication, processing, andreproduction of images, using all typesof analogue and digital imaging devices,storage media and imaging media.
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 3
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Workings of Div. 8
• Technical Committees
– A group of expert working on a topic withdefined terms of references
– Outcome: a report or standard
• Reporterships
– One expert investigating a topic
– Outcome: a report
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TCs and Current Chairs
• TC8-02 "Colour Difference Evaluation in Images", MR Luo (UK),m.r.luo@leeds.ac.uk
• TC8-07 "Multispectral Imaging", chairperson: J Parkinen (Finland),jussi.parkkinen@cs.joensuu.fi
• TC8-08 “Spatial Appearance Models”, G Johnson (US),gmj@mac.com
• TC8-09 “Image Archiving”, R Buckley (US),Robert.Buckley@xerox.com
• TC8-10 “Office Illumination for Imaging”, T Newman (US),Todd.Newman@microsoft.com
• TC8-11 “CIECAM02 Mathematics”, C. Li (UK), C.Li@leeds.ac.uk
• TC8-12 “Video Compression Assessment”, Ch. Fernandez-Maloigne(Fr), fernandez@sic.sp2mi.univ-poitiers.fr
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 4
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TC’s Closed
TC8-01 "Colour Appearance Model for Colour ManagementApplications", chairperson: N Moroney (USA),
TC8-03 "Gamut Mapping", chairperson: J Morovic (UK)
TC8-04 "Adaptation under Mixed Illumination Conditions",chairperson: N Katoh (JP)
TC8-05 "Communication of Colour Information", chairperson: R Buckley (USA),
TC8-06 "Image Technology Vocabulary",chairperson: J Schanda (Hungary),
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Reporterships
• R8-05 Image Appearance, M. Fairchild (USA)
• R8-07 CAT in CIECAM02, S. Susstrunk(Switzerland)
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 5
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Reporterships Closed
R8-01 Grading of Colour Measurement Equipment Y. Ohno (USA)
R8-02 Fluorescence C.McCamy (USA)
R8-03 Potential Interaction Between CIE and IECTA2
H. Ikeda (JP)
R8-04 Effects of Fluorescence in Characterization ofImaging Media
D. Rich (USA)
R8-06 Results of CIECAM02 N. Moroney (USA)
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
PublicationsGuidelines for the Evaluation of GamutMapping Algorithms
TC8-03 CIE 156:2004
A Colour Appearance Model for ColourManagement Systems: CIECAM02
TC8-01 CIE 159:2004
Chromatic Adaptation Under MixedIllumination Condition When ComparingSoftcopy and Hardcopy Images
TC8-04 CIE 162:2004
The Effects of Fluorescence in theCharacterization of Imaging Media
R8-05 CIE 163:2004
Criteria for the Evaluation of Extended-GamutColour Encodings
TC8-05 CIE 168:2005
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 6
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TCs and Current Chairs
• TC8-02 "Colour Difference Evaluation in Images", MR Luo (UK)
• TC8-07 "Multispectral Imaging", chairperson: J Parkinen (Finland)
• TC8-08 “Spatial Appearance Models”, G Johnson (US)
• TC8-09 “Image Archiving”, R Buckley (US)
• TC8-10 “Office Illumination for Imaging”, T Newman (US)
• TC8-11 “CIECAM02 Mathematics”, C. Li (UK)
• TC8-12 “Video Compression Assessment”, Ch. Fernandez-Maloigne(Fr)
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TC8-02: Colour DifferenceEvaluation in Images
• Chair: Ronnier Luo (UK)
– M.R.Luo@leeds.ac.uk
• Report ready for approval by the CIE
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 7
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TC8-07 Multispectral Imaging
• TC Changed chairs to Jussi Parkinen
– parkkine@cs.joensuu.fi
• Terms of references:
– To study, develop, and recommend encodingtechniques and data formats for the exchange ofmultispectral images, and to provide testprocedures for the evaluation of multispectralimaging systems.
• Needs active participation!
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TC8-08
• See end of this document
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 8
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TC8-09 Image Archiving
• Chair R. Buckley
– Robert.Buckley@xerox.com
• Terms of References:– To recommend a set of techniques for the accurate capture,
encoding and longterm preservation of colour descriptions ofdigital images that are either born digital or the result ofdigitizing 2D static physical objects, including documents,maps, photographic materials and paintings.
• Needs active participation!
Division 8 - Imaging TechnologyDivision 8 - Imaging Technology
TC8-10 Office Lighting for Imaging
What is “typical” office lighting?
A sample of potential sources Sources found in my building
Develop guidelines for the experiment
Develop a questionnaire to use with each measurement set
Conduct a pilot study to test the methodology
Revise methodology based on the pilot study
Hold Workshop at CIE Session to start the worldwide study
• Conduct the study – measure lighting in many offices
• Analyze results
Work plan and status:
TC Meeting: Thursday, Nov. 8, Alvarado A/B/C/D 4:30-5:30We need more researchers; please join us
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 9
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TC8-11
• See end of this document
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TC8-12
• See end of this document
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 10
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
• Term of reference– To recommend a gamut for real surface colours with
associated spectral reflectance data.
• Application– To provide relevant data for colour management system,
and associated profile evaluation in an open environment
Real Colour Gamut
-100-50
050
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(c)
-100-50
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(d)
(a)
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(b)
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Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Rationale
1. To recommend a gamut based on reflectance data that can beused to compute colorimetric coordinates for anyilluminant/observer combination.
2. Based on the 'absolute colorimetry' of many real samples ofwhich measurements were made relative to the perfect reflectingdiffuser.
400 450 500 550 600 650 7000
0.1
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400 450 500 550 600 650 7000
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(b)
CIE Div 8 Open Meeting
November 6, 2007 11
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Rationale
3. A large collection of spectra data based on modern double-beamspectrophotometers
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
x 104
Sun ChemicalMunsell
NCSDIN
Munsell L.C.C.Du Pont S.M.
NaturalISO (Cal. Data)
ISO (Skin)ISO(Flowers)
ISO (Graphics)ISO (Krinov)ISO(Leaves)
ISO (Paint)ISO (Photos)ISO(Printer)ISO(Textile)
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Rationale
0 20 40 60 80 100 1200
10
20
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100 hue = 200
Blue Curve: ISO boundary
Black Curve: Pointer’s Boundary
Isolated Points from
ISO Printer data set
4. To be more consistent
than the existing gamuts.
1
CIE TC8-08
Goals of TC8-08: Guidelinesfor testing HDR rendering
• Standardized HDR Vocabulary
• Summarize State-of-the-Art HDRExperimentation
• Provide Recommendations for Future VisualExperimentation Techniques
2
Standardized Vocabulary• Most important contribution to the community!
• Distinct differences between bit-depth and HDR
• Distinct differences in rendering intent:maximize visibility, pleasant reproduction, colorappearance matches, contrast matching, etc.
• Akin the the color appearance vocabulary:brightness v. lightness, chroma v. colorfulness,etc.
Current Research• Provide an up-to-date reference of existing
HDR experimentation
• Techniques used in existingexperimentation: ranking, magnitudeestimation, paired comparison
• Comparisons to original scenes, or usingHDR displays as an original? Are theredifferences?
3
ExperimentalRecommendations
• Based upon what we have learned fromcurrent research, what guidance can weprovide to future experiments?
• Are there any techniques that have provento be easier, more useful, or provide morerobust results?
• Can we use HDR displays to aid in testingrendering techniques?
1
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
TC8-11: CIECAM02-Mathematics
• Formed During CIE 26 Session in Beijing, July2007.
• Terms of Reference: To investigate theimprovements to the CIECAM02 model to avoidmathematical inconsistencies;
• Members: Michel Brill , Mark D Fairchild;Youngshin Kwak; Changjun Li; M Ronnier Luo;Nathan Moroney; Sabine Suesstrunk; FranciscoMiguel Martínez Verdú
Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Problems With CIECAM02
has an infinite slope at the HPE
triangle edge.(Brill, 2006)
Yellow-Blue and Purple Problems
or non nested problem .(Brill &
Suesstrunk,2006)
Failure of computing J = 100
(A/Aw)cz when A = [2 R’a + G’a +
B’a/20 – 0.305]Nbb is negative
(Li & Luo (2005) , Brill &
Suesstrunk (2006) );
( )
( )1.0
100/'13.27
100/'400
42.0
42.0
' +
+
=
RF
RF
R
L
L
a
-0.01 -0.008 -0.006 -0.004 -0.002 0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.01-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
-0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2-0.1
0
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Division 8 - Imaging Technology
Problems With CIECAM02 and How to solve theproblems
CAT02 gives corresponding colours
with negative X or Y or Z (Verdú
(2006), Spain)
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10
0.1
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1
More than 4000
samples under 10
illuminants
Brill & Suesstrunk (2006) proposed to
change CAT02 matrix, but the
problems remain.
The problems have a solution or
The answer seems YES. For example, replace the CAT02 matrix by an
identity matrix.
So our main task is to find a matrix so that the resulting CAT fits
corresponding data sets well and resulting CIECAM02 fits the
appearance data sets well.
not if the structure is not changed?
1
HVS-based quality assessment :
Application to image sequences compression
Pr. Christine Fernandez-MaloigneLaboratory SIC- CNRS 2731
Signal Image Communications
University of Poitiers, FRANCE
tel : 33 5 49 49 65 73 – fax : 33 5 49 49 65 70
email : fernandez@sic.sp2mi.univ-poitiers.fr
TC 8-12
TC’s Purpose
Quality assessment is becoming an important
issue with the wide existence of visual
contents.
Several tools have been defined but standards
are very restricted to one domain
TC8-12 aims to provide to the community
subjective tools to deal with different media
and different viewing conditions
2
Addressed domains
Mobile phones, Smart-phones, PDASmall devices and various viewingconditions
Web
Multimedia content
Television, High definition television
Link with MPEG
Digital cinema
Link with JPEG and TC 1-58
Related works
ITU Video Quality Expert Group (VQEG):Test plans: RRNR-tv, Multimedia, HDTV, Hybrid
Mainly objective tools
Advanced Image Coding (AIC) Adhoc groupISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG1
Assessment methodologies dedicated tocompression
Objective and subjective tools
! Do not address different media and differentviewing conditions
3
Proposal
Part1 : models of human perception used forquality assessment
Study of the role of human perception in the task ofquality assessment
Part2: Assessment protocolsDefine subjective paradigms adapted to differentmedia and different viewing conditions
Part3: Subjective DatabasesProvide quality assessment databases for differentmedia and viewing condition that allow to study thecorrelation of developed metrics
Liaison with other groups
Liaison statement with JPEG2000
(ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG1)
Dr M.C. LARABI
Liaison statement with VQEG ?
4
Participants (to be completed)
Dr M. Brill, Datacolor, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
Pr C. Fernandez-Maloigne, University of Poitiers,France
Dr M.C. LARABI, University of Poitiers, France
Pr R. LUO, University of Leeds, UK
Dr L. Gloetzer, Technische Leitung, SCHWARZ FILMAG, Switzerland
Dr M. MAHY, Agfa Gevaert , Belgium
Dr H. SAADANE, Polytehnica School, Nantes, France
Dr. Didier Nicholson, Thalès, France
Prof. Sabine SUSSTRUNK, LCAV, EPFL, Switzerland