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Cycling Facilities in Europe Signs of Acceptance by Low Cost

Prepared by Difu, presented by Jörg Thiemann-Linden

Pardubice, 22nd February 2012

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Content

1. Cycling facilities types, outside settled area, maintenance

2. Bicycle Parking in city center, in dense housing

3. Traffic calming the safety issue, speed limits, mixing the modes

4. OutlookMeasuring cycling, sources

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Introduction: User‘s Perspective

• Other people cycling• Quick and simple from A to B• Feeling safe – a condition for

experiencing the bike in daily life (after having had good experiences from leisure use)

• Cycling is fun!• Visible signs of social and political

acceptance of cycling• Quality Infrastructure

= keeping the potential •

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Cycling Facilities

1. Balanced public space2. Basic Types (sorted from

mixing to separation)- cycle street - “advisory safety lane”- cycle lane - cycle path

3. New elements4. Maintenance 5. Outside settled area

Hannover: Former mandatory cycle path; new cycle lane

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New generation of guidelinesFrom FGSV e.V. – German Transport and Road Research Association

Bases for ERA: 2010: RASt 06 Street design guidelines:„… to design the street from the sides, not from the middle“

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Ascain possible street cross section

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Advisory Cycle Cycle„safety lane path lane“

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Choice of the adequate type of cycling facility

Criteria for pre-selection(to be confirmed in detailconstruction plan)

• Motorized vehicle frequency per day

• Car speed (V85)

I – entire mixed II mixed with assistanceIII potential separationIV separation

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Cycle lanes• Visibility! • Quick and easy travel, cheaper than to build cycle paths• Adequate space at intersections• Self-explanatory design• Enforcement on parking!

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• Separation because of driven speed(but long time effort to create a network – priorities?)

• Bicycle lanes outside ?(not in Germany, but CH, NL, BE, FR)

• Speed limit at 60-70 km/h in minor roads without cycling facilities?

• Focus on entries to villages

Outside settled area

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22nd February 2012

Road separator - for crossing and turning

• Crossing in two phases• Substitute for traffic light • Necessary at the end of

a two way cyclepath

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Visible sign of acceptance

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e.g. bike box, indirect turning(coloured lane in general)

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In future capacity oriented planning?

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Dutch „new tradition“of cycle streets and cycle highways

Reasons for national Cycle Highway programm: -increase commuter distances cycling-Improve health effect -reduce work load of public transport during peak hour-avoid congestion on motorways

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Bridges, worth kilometers of cycle paths

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Tunnels, worth kilometers of cycle paths

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Leisure route for inliners and cyclists (Flämingskate, signed cycle street)

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Greenways on former rail tracks

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Copenhagen „Green Wave“, cycle highways

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No passing cyclist in small roundabout (but plenty of mistakes in detailled design!)

Gdansk bicycle roundabout

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Requirements on Bicycle Parking

• Stability: for locking the bicycle, no front wheel clip• Right location close

to shops• Dry under roof (if

parking for longer time)• Theft-proof: bright at

dark in public area(guarded parking)

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Neighbourhood Bicycle Garages Utrecht, Rotterdam (NL), Antwerp (BE)

• Network of community garages (boxes, new shelters, former shops• Organisation by municipal garage company of civil society bureau. • Utrecht / Antwerpen: funding from municipal car garages‘ assets

(due to public interest to memove any barriers from cycle use)

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Copenhagen: capital of „bakery bikes“

Each fourth familiy with children in central Copenhagen posseses one

1 box for 4 tricycles on 1 car parking lot

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Pedelec parking at work location solar filling station

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Parking capacity problems (Münster, DE); Red carpet – for pedestrians (Groningen, NL)

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City center bicycle parkingmostly for free; Apeldoorn, Den Haag (NL), Münster (DE)

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New station Alphen a.d.Rijn, NL (2010) 30,000 inhabitants, guarded parking + free parking in „bicycle apple“

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Houten, NL (2011); 50,000 inhabitants 3200 bicycles capacity in „station hall“

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Safety – a matter of cycling density

Exposure of the single cyclist

Source: ECF

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Thoughtfullness the rule, not exception

Speed limit

of 30 km/h.

Closer to cycling speed

The reasons(from info on new trafficlaw in France):

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Speed limit of 30 km/h !

Reasons:

Thoughtfullness the rule, not exception

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New street law in France

French Highway code since 2008

„Zone de rencontre“• Switzerland• Belgium• France

fomal status of street

maximum speed

balanced traffic / local function

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Hierarchy of streets:

Self-explaining roads30 km/h in most streets

(EP 2011: „the rule, not exception)

50/70 km/h in some streets(with cycling facilities)

some Ped. Zone and 20 km/h streets

Key for good cycling condition:

>> balanced spaces for the modes

>> low speed of motorized modes

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Shared Spaces squares Duisburg / Ulm / Lüneburg (DE), Haren (NL)

All driving at cyclist speed

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Mixing the modes in peaceful co-existance

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Respect! Pedestrians‘ Needs

Relaxed joint use :•Common “green paths” with pedestrians: sufficient space•Avoiding (mountain) bike routes on high level hiking paths•The cycling speed issue•Bicycle parkings and handicapped pedestrians

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Measuring Cycling

Simple methods: •Counting cyclists at central spots (bridges) year by year, or steadily for public awareness•Users satisfaction survey by interviews •„Point out“ problem spots on open map (wiki mapping?) •Hands-up in school classes before,after „cycling to school“ action

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Copenhagen bicycle balance - users‘ satisfaction

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Netherlands bicycle balance by test rides

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Utrecht compared to Groningen

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Bicycle portal www.nrvp.de

Public repository of pooled know-how with 5000 entries:

federal initiatives and funding measures,

(inter)national practical examples

news updates literature database list of events

Internal working platform for cooperation

Newsletter to 1500 recipients

English section www.nrvp.de/en CyE download section news updates international practice

examples

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For sharing experiences with CMBCycling Expertise“ files on www.nrvp.de

(print & download, slides series, newsletter)

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More Cycling Portals

• ELTIS.org• Fietsberaad.nl• www.kk.dk/cityofcyclists

(and Danish Cycling Embassy)• PRESTO.Project!• ECF.org

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Manual From PSWE, Pomerania (PL)

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Thank you

Difu

Jörg Thiemann-LindenTilman Bracher

Zimmerstrasse 13-1510969 Berlin

++49 30 39001-138

www.nrvp.de, cycling-expertise@difu.de

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Sources and Links

National Cycling Plan 2002–2012 “Ride Your Bike”: www.nrvp.de (http://edoc.difu.de/edoc.php?id=YFGDITZ2) Second German federal government cycling report on the state of cycling in the Federal Republic of Germany, 2007: www.bmvbs.de/Anlage/original_1018367/Zweiter-Fahrradbericht-der-Bundesregierung-barrierefrei.pdf (in German) Funding guidelines, application forms, bulletins: www.nrvp.de/foerderung-bund/foerderung-nrvp/antragstellung.phtml (in German)Measures supported within the context of the National Cycling Plan: www.nrvp.de/foerderung-bund/foerderung-nrvp/massnahmen.phtml (in German)

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Sources and Links

Second German federal government cycling report on the state of cycling in the Federal Republic of Germany, 2007: www.bmvbs.de/Anlage/original_1018367/Zweiter-Fahrradbericht-der-Bundesregierung-barrierefrei.pdf (in German)www.nrvp.de/foerderung-bund/foerderung-nrvp/massnahmen.phtml (in German)Mecklenburg-West Pomerania www.mv-bike.net North-Rhine Westphalia www.fahrradfreundlich.nrw.de Route planner www.radroutenplaner.nrw.de/RRP_home_02_en.html (in English) NRW Cycling Network www.radverkehrsnetz.nrw.de/downloads/Rad_info_english.pdf (in English) Baden-Württemberg www.fahrradland-bw.de