Post on 12-Sep-2019
Tohoku University
Takashi Ichikawa
Current status of Dome Fuji
and
2.5m Antarctic Infrared Telescope
Good news
Excellent seeing (0.2”) and thin boundary layer (~15m)
(Okita’s talk)
Strong support from astronomy community in Japan
Science Council of Japan* has nominated “Antarctic
Astronomy” in “Master Plan of Large Research Projects”
(~200 natural and social science programs. 8 from
astronomy)
Budget request in 2014 for the telescopes
*the representative organization of Japanese scientist community ranging over all fields of sciences
subsuming humanities, social sciences, life sciences, natural sciences, and engineering
Bad news
Delay in the scientific and logistics programs of the
Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition due to bad ice
condition around Syowa Station
Very thick ice hampered the
icebreaker from unloading freight
for two years.
Shirase anchored at ~23km away from Syowa station (2012)
In 2013/2014 program, the number
of wintering members will be
reduced.
Probable delay in astronomy program
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
NIP
R
8th 9th 10th
Contraction of winterover station(plan)
overwinter
construction test transport Transport
& assemble
operation
Schedule
We cancelled small infrared and THz telescopes
2.5
m
40cm
Dome Fuji Station in Jan, 2013
PLATO-F (UNSW)
since Jan. 2011
The National Institute of Polar Research Syowa
Dome F (3810m)
SNODAR
TwinCAM
10cmx2 telescopes 16m pole
temperature
(Bonner et al.)
exoplanets
Retired in July, 2011
after operation for 6 months
due to no time for maintenance on
2012/2013 expedition
Aurora cameras
2012/2013 expedition team
• Retrieved data
• Repaired PLATO-F
• Installed Aurora cameras
No in-equal subsidence has been observed
0 25 50 75 100 125
-0.010
-0.005
0.000
0.005
0.010
raw data
calibrated
0.025
An
gle
(d
eg
ree
)
Ou
tpu
t (m
V)
Days
0
Observations will be resumed in next summer.
Basic data for the telescope tower
foundation 9m tower clinometer
Constructed 9m-high stage
2.5m Infrared Telescope Ultra-lightwieght telescope mount (Kurita+2009)
Styrene foam enclosure
with ventilation
New technology of telescope mount
Kurita+ (2009)
Light weight
Easy to assemble
Okayama 3.8m telescope
Snow-wind tunnel test
snow drift
Kim+ 2012
Snow drift Vibration analysis
For safe transportation of 2.5m mirror
Kagawa+ 2013
Atmosphere of solar planets in vicinity to Sun
mixing ratio, velocity, pressure, excitation condition,
temperature, and the vertical information of H2O, CO2,
O3, CO, HO2, ...
• Cold atmosphere: dark infrared sky (50 – 100 times darker)
• The free-atmosphere seeing 0.2”, the best in the world
• Dry atmosphere
• Stable transmittance
• Observations for long periods uninterrupted for months
Good Reasons
Dome-F (winter 25%)
H2
Red-shifted H2
Develop of 17μm laser for H2 observations
17μm H2 28μm H2
(fast detector is a main issue)
Three-Color Infrared Camera (1~5μm)
ORION 2Kx2K x 3
Proto model
2Kx2K VIRGO (1~2.5μm)
256x256x2 InSb (2.5~5μm)
Under assembling
Technology of MOIRCS for 8.2m Subaru
Multi-object Infrared Camera and Spectrograph
simple multi-slit spectrograph
~10 reference stars in large slits
Slit mask of MOSFIRE
McLean+ 2010
J
K
1~5μm
Simultaneous two colors and Sp
R~100
• Cold atmosphere: dark infrared sky (50 – 100 times darker)
• The free-atmosphere seeing 0.2”, the best in the world
• Dry atmosphere: 0.14mmPWV (~10 times lower) in winter
• Stable transmittance
• Long periods of uninterrupted darkness for months
Good Reasons
Point sources with
1 hour integration
S/N=5
Subaru
AIRT
Comparison of Sensitivities with Subaru
diffraction limit
0.12” 0.24”
Unique opportunity for deep, high photometric and spatial precision astronomy
High sensitivity of Subaru telescope
High quality of HST
z=1
THz (200μm) and near-infrared
wide area survey at z>3 z=3
7.7 Gyr
11.3 Gyr
Most active star-forming
era in history
Hershel galaxy at z=6.5
Confusion limit
1 hour integration
Dusty Star Burst Galaxies
Riechers+ 2013
10m THz telescope
2.4μm, S/N=5 (1 hour)
AIRT
SPICA ALMA
STR, stellar mass, morphology, merging
SSA22 (z~3) (Uchimoto+2012)
100Mpcx100Mpc
• quiescent and SF galaxies
• dusty galaxies
• Low mass galaxies (~109Msun)
• Morphology
AzTEC1
Proto-Quasar?
Tamura+ 2010
e.g., Near-infrared and sub-mm observations in SSA22 at z~3
Widest and Deepest High-Redshift Galaxy Survey in K band
FIRES
MODS
MODS
VLT GOODS-S
SDF
(KA
B, 5σ)
MUSYC 4m telescope
8m telescope
(KA
B, 5σ)
Survey area (arcmin2)
De
pth
Our Goal
Subaru+MOIRCS
UKIDSS
VISTA
Complete samples of 109 Msun at z~3
• Cold atmosphere: dark infrared sky (50 – 100 times darker)
• The free-atmosphere seeing 0.2”, the best in the world
• Dry atmosphere: 0.14mmPWV (~10 times lower) in winter
• Stable transmittance
• Long periods of uninterrupted darkness for months
Good Reasons
water-dominated atmosphere on Super-Earths
SPITZER
HST
many molecular lines (H2O,CO2,CH4…)
λ/Δλ~100
Transit and secondary eclipse
Transit observations with low resolution spectrograph with multi-slits
GJ 1214b
• Cold atmosphere: dark infrared sky (50 – 100 times darker)
• The free-atmosphere seeing 0.2”, the best in the world
• Dry atmosphere: 0.14mmPWV (~10 times lower) in winter
• Stable transparency
• Long periods of uninterrupted darkness for months
Good Reasons
TESS (2017)
Bright G、K、M type stars
50cm Schmidt x3
Candidates of multiple systems
CCD camera at Dome-F
Collaboration with Dome A