CTS130 Spreadsheet

Lesson 8

Rounding and Nesting Functions

INT Function (cont’d) INT stands for “integer.” An integer is a whole number - a number

with no decimal or fractional parts. The INT function shows the nondecimal portion of a number. Excel stores the full number of decimals that are keyed/calculated in a

cell, even if cell is formatted to show fewer decimal places.

Example: If you key in 1.2345 but format the cell for two decimal places, Excel displays 1.23 in the cell. In a calculation, Excel uses the full value, 1.2345, when you see it in the formula bar.

The INT function has one argument, the value or cell to be adjusted.

INT Function (cont’d)

The ROUND Function The Round function “rounds” a value to a specified digit to the left

or right of the decimal point. “Rounding” means that it is made larger or smaller, a greater or

lesser value. The Round function uses two arguments: the value to be rounded

and the number of digits used for rounding.

The ROUND Function (cont’d) If a value referenced in a formula is rounded, the rounded value is used in

the calculation. If a value is formatted in a way that it appears rounded, the precise value is

used in the calculation.

The ROUND Function (cont’d)

Using Date and Time Arithmeticto Determine Ages

To determine a person’s age, subtract the person’s birthday from today.

The result is a serial number that can be converted to the person’s age.

=today( )

Dividing by 365.25 includes a leap year once every four years.

Using Time and Date Arithmetic to Determine Time Worked

Subtract the beginning time from the ending time. Excel shows time as a fraction of a 24-hour day. To convert to hours, multiply the results by 24.

=(C4-B4)*24

# of hours in a day

How to Group Worksheets

When you want what you are doing on one worksheet to appear on all the worksheets, you can first group the worksheets.

To group worksheets, hold down the [CTRL] key and click each worksheet’s tab. All the worksheets will be selected.

To ungroup worksheets, click a single worksheet tab or right-click a worksheet tab and select the “Ungroup Sheets” option.

Grouped Worksheets Ungrouped Worksheets

How to Hide and Unhide a Worksheet You can hide a worksheet so that you do not see its tab while

the workbook is open. This allows you to hide sheets that include sensitive

information that should not be easily visible.

Format Menu > Sheet > Hide

Format Menu > Sheet > Unhide

A dialog box will appear displaying all the worksheets that are hidden.

Nested Functions

A nested function is a function inside another function.

This is an example of a nested round and sum functions.

Function Name box

Function Name box

Formula bar

Formula bar

=ROUND(SUM)(H4:H8)

Nested Functions (cont’d)

=IF(B9>400,”Over 400”,IF(B9>375, “Over 375”, Under Quota))

If TRUE If FALSE If TRUE If FALSE

NESTED

Nested Functions (cont’d)First IF expressionFirst IF expression

Formula barFormula bar

Nested IF expressionNested IF expression

=IF(B9>400,”Over 400”,IF(B9>375, “Over 375”, Under Quota))

Nested Function Examples

Creating a Hyperlink A hyperlink is a clickable object or text that, when clicked, displays

another file, opens another program, shows a web page, or displays an email address.

As you insert hyperlinks, Excel keeps a list of the addresses and shows them in the “Insert Hyperlink” dialog box.

You can key a new entry or choose existing name from the list. Ways to insert a hyperlink:

- Click the “Insert Hyperlink” button.

- INSERT Menu > Hyperlink

- CTRL + K

- Right-click > Hyperlink

Creating a Hyperlink (cont’d)

Creating a Hyperlink (cont’d)

Saving a Workbook in Different Format

If you send a workbook to someone who uses a different version of Excel or a different electronic spreadsheet program, you can save the file in an appropriate format for them.

Two popular formats are: WK4 (Lotus) CSV (comma-separated values.