DefinitionDefinitionElder (2007) defines critical thinking as ‘self-guided, self-

disciplined thinking which attempts to reason at the highest level of quality in a fair-minded way.’  

Scriven & Paul (1987), “Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing,

applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience,

reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action.”

Why do you think that?

What does this mean?

What does the evidence imply?

How good is our evidence?

How did you come to the

interpretation?

Do we have our facts right?

Why is critical thinking important to Why is critical thinking important to students?students?

In Personal Life◦ Avoid making irrational decisions from ignorance◦ Make better decision from verified information◦ Free one from unexamined assumptions, beliefs, and biasness◦ Be a better informed citizen and voter

In Professional Life◦ Be a better problem-solver◦ Better analyze information and draw appropriate conclusions◦ Communicate a situation logically◦ Make good decisions (based on data, not feelings)

Thinking is the hardest work there is, which is probably why so few engage in it. (Henry Ford)

Noteworthy Quote

Common Barriers for Critical Thinking

Biasness

Close-mindedness

Peer Pressure

Distrust of reason

Stereotyping

Egocentrism

Rationalization

Fear of Change

Self-deception

Wishful Thinking

Overpowering emotions

Short -term thinking

Selective perception

Poor reading Skills

Poor listening

skills

Lack of relevant

information

Lack of interest

What To Do?

To teach critically, teachers must abandon mother robin teaching To learn how to think critically, students must learn to shift to use

reasoning as a pervasive tool of learning

Integration of Technology can empower the students, making them autonomous learners

Don’t Be a Mother Robin Teacher

When we teach in "mother robin" fashion —  mentally chewing up everything for our students so we can put it into their intellectual beaks to swallow…

Integrating TechnologyIntegrating TechnologyBain (2013), ‘ideally, computers can help us foster the

accomplishment of the highest learning objectives we have for our students’.

Chinnery (2014), “If you have stable and predictable access, the Internet provides a virtual goldmine of activities.”

Why Integrating Why Integrating Technology?Technology?

Social Learning

Student Centered Content

Empowered Approach

Collaborative Learning

Personal Learning Network

Active Engagement

Frequent Feedback

Connection to Real-world

Experts

Creativity

Cross-cultural Understanding

Development of interpersonal Skills

Diversity of Perceptions

Make Learning

Fun

Development of Interpersonal

Skills

Making Teaching

MeaningfulMaking

Learning Significant

The Internet as The Internet as Tutor Tutor

Remembering & Understanding•high-quality presentations or lectures•passionate experts and speakers•thought-provoking ideas•Interesting discussions•facilitating connection and communication•identifying problems •Offering solutions

For Resources

The Internet as Tool

Applying•  feedback is truly

instant• peer editing.• peer-to-peer discussion• better collaboration• Ease of Corporate

Communication• Variety of Information

to Share

Analyzing & EvaluationDebating Forums•generate ideas on debating forums•state your case, prove your position with supporting details•refute opposing arguments with facts and evidences•interpret results and draw conclusions

Speech & Text Corpora •offers opportunity for language analysis•provides authentic language samples•Has customize search engines

For Analysis For

Analysis

CreatingDigital Stories•empower students to be confident communicators•reach deeper understanding in all areas of the curriculum•cater all learning styles

Podcasting•enhances listening skills and speaking skills•aims at delivering information to students•promotes a self-directed learning

Blogging•combines technology and writing•gain a deeper understanding of content•sharing ideas and information relevant to their topics•opportunity to share their opinions

For Creativity

For Creativity

Comic StripsMind Map

Story Board

Boar

d G

ames

For Communication

No one to talk to………… Try this out!

For Collaboration

References:• Chinnery, G. M. (2014). Call Me… May be: A Framework for Integrating the Internet into ELT. Retrieved

from http://americanenglish.state.gov/files/ae/resource_files/52_1_3_chinnery.pdf on 02/03/16

• Reasons for Technology Integration in Education (2013) http://edtechreview.in/trends-insights/insights/290-reasons-tech-in-education on 03/03/16

• “The Art of Redesigning Instruction” (excerpt) http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/the-art-of-redesigning-instruction/520 accessed on 04/03/16

• Why Do We Need Technology Integration? (2007) retrieved from http://www.edutopia.org/technology-integration-guide-importance on 03/03/16

• Why Integrate Technology into the Curriculum?: the reasons are many (2008) retrieved from http://www.edutopia.org/technology-integration-introduction on 03/03/16