PHARMACY RESEARCH METHOD

CRITICAL APPRAISAL

Presenter: Dr. Balamurugan Tangiisuran

• Introduction to Critical

Appraisal• Evaluating Evidence• Evaluating Websites

Presentation Outline

What is Critical Appraisal?

• Balanced assessment of the

benefits/strengths and flaws/weaknesses of a study

• Assessment of research process and results

• Consideration of quantitative and qualitative aspects

What is Critical Appraisal?

• Negative dismissal of any

piece of research• Assessment on results alone• Based entirely on statistical

analysis• Undertaken by experts only

Critical Appraisal is NOT

• To find out the validity of the study

are the methods robust?

• To find out the reliability of the study what are the results and are they

credible?

• To find out the applicability of the study is it important enough to change

practice?

Why is evaluating necessary?

• Believe everything• Believe papers in high quality

journals• Read & decide yourself• Let other people read and decide

for you• Read for yourself and make a

structured appraisal

How Do I Critically Appraise the Research?

Critical Appraisal in daily life

Evaluating Evidence

What was the purpose of the

research?

Step 1

What is the background to the

research?

Step 2

Was the research method and study

design appropriate?

Step 3

Was is the research

population?

Step 4

Who took part in the research and

who did not?

Step 5

Are the data reliable and valid?

Step 6

Step 6: Are the data reliable and valid?

How are the data analyzed?

Step 7

Step 7

Step 7

Are the findings interpreted correctly?

Step 8

Step 8

Are the conclusion valid?

Step 9

Did you enjoy reading the

research report?

Step 10

Step 10

EVALUATING WEBSITES

How to evaluate websites?

Criteria for Evaluating Websites

Source Authority Objectivity Currency Coverage

Criteria for Evaluating Websites

Source • Who wrote the webpage• Do they provide their contact details?

Authority • Is the author qualified?• Check the domain of the document

Objectivity

• What goals or objectives does the webpage meet?• How detailed is the information

Criteria for Evaluating Websites

Currency • When was the page last updated?

Coverage • Is the information presented cited correctly?• Do the links (if any) complement the documents’ themes?

• Introduction to Critical

Appraisal• Evaluating Evidence• Evaluating Websites

Presentation Outline

Jom analisa secara kritikal!

Thank You!