Created by :Gaurav Shrivastava contact:-gaurav9915969367@ymail.com 1.

created by :Gaurav Shrivastava contact:-gaurav9915969367@ymail.com 1

Generally Intel has been the dominant producer of microprocessor chips

AMD has proven to be a fierce competitor Competition stimulated the industry by

producing new and innovative microprocessors

In the mid nineties Intel begins to face true competition

1980’s-Intel was the only true producer of marketable computer chips

1982-introduce 80286 286 was able to run software of its prior

microprocessor

Within 6 years, 15 million 286’s are

installed around the world

Intel contracts third party companies to

produce 286’s and variants

AMD was one of these third party

companies

AMD became very efficient and capable

of being its own producer of

microprocessorscreated by :Gaurav Shrivastava contact:-

gaurav9915969367@ymail.com 4

1985, Intel releases its 32-bit 386 microprocessor. Faster and capable of multitasking AMD, under licensed production, produces 386

chips allowing Intel to meet market demands

During the reign of the 386, AMD decides to produce its own CPU.

1987-AMD began legal arbitration over rights to produce their own chips.

After 5 years of battle, the courts sided with AMD.

1989-Intel releases its 486DX. Allowed point and clicking Initially twice as fast as its predecessor. Intel continued to upgrade to speeds

reaching 66MHz.

1991-AMD released Am386 Intel’s 486 released two years prior AMD believed there still existed a

market By October, AMD sold one million units

1993-AMD releases first competing chip: Am486

1994-AMD improves chip with Am486DX Am486DX processes up to 100MHz

1993, Intel realizes it cannot trademark numbers “x86.”

This allows AMD the ability to essentially clone Intel’s chips

Intel’s solution: dubs its new chip the Pentium instead of releasing it as the “586”

Handles and processes more media types

such as speech, sound , and photographic

images.

It Offered multiple processing speeds up

to 200MHz.

It became well entrenched in the market

During this time, Intel truly dominated

1995- AMD’s first attempt to compete with the Pentium by introducing Am5x86

It was really for those who wanted to upgrade their 486 motherboards without making a jump to the Pentium motherboard

AMD did not fare well with this chip

1996-K5 introduced

First chip comparable to the Pentium

Could be placed in the same motherboard as

the Pentium, making it compatible

Because it was released 3 years after the

Pentium, it was met with cool reception

In the previous year, Intel released the Pentium Pro

Able to handle more instructions per clock cycle

Intel’s ability to get a new chip on the market before AMD has had the effect of overshadowing any of AMD’s microprocessors

1996-AMD purchases the company NexGen who were making a microprocessor of their own

AMD uses their core 686 processor to develop the AMD K6

Additionally, they slap on Intel’s MMX code making it compatible with Pentiums.

K6 was released in 1997 and reached

speeds of 166Mhz to 200Mhz

K6 was significantly cheaper than the

Pentium

K6 was able to move up to speeds as

high as 300MHz, out performing the

Pentiums

Intel was ready for the challenge

Later than year, Intel unveils the Pentium II

It was equipped with MMX instructions,

ready to handle video, audio, and graphics

Better capable of handling video editing,

sending media via the Internet, and

reprocessing music

By 1998, the Pentium began to climb in

processing speeds up to 450 MHz.

K6 was doing well as a cost effective alternative to the Pentium II, although it was an inferior chip

In response, in 1998, Intel introduced its own cheaper and inferiror microprocessor: the Celeron

It was a stripped down version of the Pentium II

AMD fights back with an enhanced K6 to take on

the Pentium II: the K6-2

Their K6 chip included what they called “3DNow”

technology

3DNow is an additional twenty-two instructions to

better handle audio, video, and graphic intensive

programs

AMD then releases K6-3 and proves to be a threat

to Intelcreated by :Gaurav Shrivastava contact:-gaurav9915969367@ymail.com 19

1999-Intel responds by coming out with the Pentium III

It had an additional 70 instructions, improving its ability to process advanced imaging, streaming audio, video, & speech recognition programs

One goal of the Pentium III was to enhance the Internet experience

The Athlon was a new chip from the ground up It was capable of doing everything the Pentium

III could do, but was much cheaper The Athlon was beating out the Pentium III

In 2000, Intel decides to launch a two pronged

attack against AMD

First, Intel fights for low-end market by

introducing the Celeron II

It ranges in speed between 500 and 1100MHz.

It was a stripped down processor with enhanced

It was fairly cheap, making it competitive

Intel also introduces the Pentium IV

It uses four main new technologies: Hyper Pipelined

Technology, Rapid Execution Engine, Execution

Trace Cache and a 400 MHz system bus

Its major improvement was increased speed, initially

starting at 1.5Ghz with ability for expansion

Today it’s reaching upwards to a remarkable 3GHz

The Pentium IV can now produce high quality video

stream radio and TV quality information across the internet

Render upscale graphics in real-time Perform several applications simultaneously

while connected to the Internet

As result of Intel’s attack on AMD, Intel is once again dominating the market

AMD’s response to the Celeron II was the Duron, released the same year (2000)

It is a geared down version of the Athlon, but edges out the Celeron

The Athlon chip was destroying the Pentium III,

but now is destined for the graveyard

In response to the Pentium IV, AMD enhanced

the Athlon by coming out with the XP series.

Test show that an Athlon XP running 1.4GHz

performs nearly as well as a Pentium of 2Ghz

The Athlon XP is a quality chip, but is fading

away under the onslaught of the heavy

performance of the Pentium IVcreated by :Gaurav Shrivastava contact:-

gaurav9915969367@ymail.com 26

Intel now holds edge over AMD in chip technology

Rumored that AMD is developing a powerhouse chip called the ClawHammer

It is apparently in a testing stage

Our goal has been to understand the history and details of the competition and their processors between Intel and Amd

Also of importance are Chipsets Knowing some information on

chipsets helps determine an appropriate opinion on Intel & AMD

A chipset is a group of integrated circuits, sold as one unit, designed to perform one or more related functions

We are focused on chipsets that provide functionality for the CPU

We compared chipsets from both AMD and Intel as well as an outside manufacturer, who makes chipsets for both, VIA.

Chipset

Most advanced chipset for the AMD CPU Consists of the VT8235 Southbridge and

the VT8377 Northbridge.

Front Side Bus (FSB) up to 333Mhz Support for PC 3200 DDR Ram memory

@ 400 Mhz North-South Bridge Link @ 533 Mhz 5 available PCI slots

Lightening fast memory access: 2.7 Gb/s

AGP @ 8X offers 2.1 Gb/s dedicated speed to 3D graphics

Fast 333 Mhz FSB

533 Mhz 8X V-link interface between North and South bridge

USB 2.0 ATA133 6 Channel Audio

Gigabyte 7VAXP Abit AT7 MAX2 ASUS A7V8X MSI KT4 Ultra Soyo KT400 Ultra Dragon

Using Soyo’s KT400 Ultra Dragon Motherboard

Higher number better

Consists of the AMD-762 system controller (northbridge) and the AMD-768 peripheral bus controller (southbridge).

AMD 760 MPX Chipset (Dual Processor)

Front Side Bus (FSB) up to 266 Mhz per processor (533Mhz)

Support for PC 2100 DDR Ram memory @ 266 Mhz

North-South Bridge Link @ 66 Mhz Up to 7 available PCI slots

Two 266 MHz point-to-point AMD system buses

PC 2100 DDR Ram memory @ 266 Mhz

AGP 4X video card support

Host PCI bus utilizing a 66MHz/64-bit interface. Secondary 33MHz/32-bit PCI bus interface, including PCI bus arbiter with support for up to eight external devices

UDMA 33/66/100 compatible EIDE bus master controller

SMBus controller with one SMBus port

Through the AIPC bus, the Processors have direct access to the south bridge

Through the SMBus, the memory has the direct access to the south bridge

Disadvantage of direct access can be potential data conflict

Designed for Xeon Processor

2 Main Chips

MCH Memory Controller HubControls the high speed bus

ICH2 I/O controller Hub Controls the peripheral devices

Memory

64 Bit PCI connection

Graphics Accelerators

RDRAM Up to 64 devices supported by the

Paired mode Single Channel-pair Mode

Utilizes memory modules ( 4 Gigabytes) Multiple Channel- pair mode

Utilizes MRH-R to control the expanded capabilities ( 16 Gigabytes of RAM)

400 MHz connection to the P64H chipAllows for a fast connection to a high speed,

PCI device

High data transfer rate

High Speed

A pair are bundled in the chipset

MCH connects to AGP 4X

Connection speed of 1 GB/s

High performance Accelerators supported

Does not Support 8X Accelerators

32 Bit PCI Bus LAN Controller I/O module

Keyboard, Mouse, Floppy disk drive, etc ATA / 100 (IDE standard for Hard Drive) 4 USB Ports

Feature Benefit

Supports two Intel Xeon Processors with NetBurst Microarchitecture and hyper-Threading teconlogy

512 KB L2 chacke for dual-processing server platforms

400 MHz System Bus Capability Balances the system bus band withd with the memory

Intel Hub Architecture with option P64H Dual 64-bit 66 MHz I/O segments for fast drive access and high speed networks

AGP 4X 1 GB/s of Graphics bandwidth allows high performance Graphics

MRH-R (RDRAM Based repeater Hub) Extends RDRAM memory capacities and increasesSystem scalability

Dual RDRAM channels Maximum memory performance(3.2 GB/s or 400MHz)

Prefetch Cache System concurrency so that simultaneous process do not impact system performance

Dual USB Controllers Enhanced plug and play with four full band widthUSB ports

Note source (Intel 860 Chipset)

Highly Structured

Powered by up to 7 chips

High performance

Designed for the Pentium 4 processor

3 Segments in the Bus

North Bridge High speed bus

South Bridge peripheral devices

System Bus400 MHz

Main memoryConnection at 266 MHz

Bottleneck

Accelerated Graphics Controller AGP4X AGP support

Controls 32 bit PCI Bus (33 MHz)

Supports up to 6 USB devices(2.0 Standard)

Hard Drive IDE (ATA 33 / 66 / 100 )

LAN controller VT6103

Several chips availableVT8233 VT8233C VT8233A

Each with a unique function

Price drops

Supports Intel Pentium 4 Processor

400MHz (Quad 100) FSB setting

AGP4X graphics

Supports DDR200/266 SDRAM as well as PC100/133 SDRAM

Ultra fast 266MB per second V-Link between North and South Bridge

AC'97 and MC'97 Audio/Modem

Integrated 3Com 10/100Mb Ethernet Media Access Controller

Support for 2 ATA 33/66/100 interfaces

6 USB ports, UHCI compliant

Advanced power management capabilities

Note Source: (Via P4X266)

Highly structured

Unique features LAN, sound, modem integrated

4 GB of Ram

Promises to utilize Intel’s Quad bus pumping technology

Price conscientious

After serious consideration to: Chip performance Reliability Some research $50 from Intel’s PR

We conclude that the

860 chipset is the best chipset within this Presentation

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