CRANE

What is crane ? A tall machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm with hook.

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Crane lifting hazard

1. Overload.

2. High wind.

3. crane collapsing or toppling.

4. Contact with live overhead cables.

5. Uneven ground.

6. The load striking against objects or people while being maneuvered.

7. The arm (jib) of the crane striking against other structures during movement.

8. Poor maintenance of crane.

9. Failure to use the outriggers .

10. Incompetent operator and rigger.

Precautions Carefully siting the crane on even, stable ground.

Checking that there are no obstructions, such as buildings or overhead lines.

Ensuring that the load to be lifted is within the safe lifting capacity of the crane.

Using the outriggers correctly.

Restricting use of the crane to trained and competent operators.

Barricade the swing radius of the crane

All equipment must be inspected by third party and validity of inspection must be checked

SWL of the crane and hook shall be marked and highlighted. * Fire extinguisher of approved type & capacity.

All loose material is to be removed from the top of the load

to be continued

Precautions The load is clear of any obstruction.

The load is securely slung (use tie ropes).

Never stand or work under a suspended load.

Tag line must be used.

Periodical maintenance of crane.

Requirement

Web slings color code

SWL FORMULA

CRANE TERMINOLOGY

CRAWLER CRANE

TOWER CRANE

OVERHEAD CRANE

1. Mobile crane

2. Hydraulic crane

3. Overhead crane

4. Gantry crane

5. Tower crane

Types of Cranes

Center of Gravity

Leverage

Stability

Structural Integrity

Cranes Lifting Principles

• Refer to shipping ticket or other documentation

• Ensure lift calculations are correct

• Ensure load is within load chart rating for boom length and load radius of crane

• Crane is rated by the maximum weight it will lift at a minimum radius and minimum boom length – the further from its center point, the less it will lift

Load Moment Indicator

Stay out of the swing radius of the crane

Make sure there are barrier guards showing swing radius

Stay out of the swing radius of the crane

Make sure there are barrier guards showing swing radius

Barricade Affected Area

Types of slings include alloy steel chain, wire rope, metal mesh, natural or synthetic fiber rope, and synthetic web.

Rigging Equipment Slings

Wire rope Chain Metal mesh Synthetic

Respond to signals from an appointed personnel… Here are the standard signals • Hoist with forearm vertical, forefinger pointing up and move hand in

small horizontal circles.

• Lower with arm extended downward, forefinger pointing down. Move hand in small horizontal circles

Move slowly-use one hand to give any motion signals and place the other hand without moving it in front of the hand in motion

Here are the standard signals

Stop-Arm extended, palm down and move arm back and forth.

Trolley travel-Palm up, fingers closed, thumb pointing in direction of motion and jerk hand horizontally.

Emergency stop- Arm extended, palms down, Move hand right and left rapidly.

HAND SIGNALS

Never load beyond rated capacity

Label properly

Never shorten with knots, bolts, or any other device

Protect from sharp edges

Attach securely to the load

Protect hands and fingers

Use care when pulling a sling

Never drag a sling

Do not use a damaged or defective sling

Sling Rules

• Hang slings on a wall

• Never leave on the ground

• Never expose to water, welding sparks, chemicals, etc.

Sling Storage

Vertical

Choker

Basket

Sling Hitches

Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

LIFTING

Running Rope (Removal)

6 broken wires (random) in 1 lay

3 broken wires 1 strand 1 lay

Wear equal to 1/3 original diameter of outside wires

Kinking, crushing, bird caging, corrosion, etc.

Heat damage (any source)

Reduction in rope diameter (removal)

1/64 for rope upto 5/16

1/32 for rope upto 1/2

3/64 for rope upto 3/4

1/16 for rope upto 7/8 to 1 1/8

3/32 for rope upto 1 1/4 to 1 1/2

Damaged wire rope must be taken out of service

Damaged wire rope must be taken out of service

Damaged Wire Rope Broken Strands

Crushed Rope

Damaged web sling must be taken out of service

Damaged Web Sling

UNSAFE PRACTICE

UNSAFE ACT

UNSAFE ACT AND CONDITION

UNSAFE CONDITION

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Badshah

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