Copper Source Tracking Using X-Ray Fluorescence and Design of Custom

Stormwater BMPs Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet, California

StormCon Portland, OR August 6, 2014

Ryan Janoch, PE David Elias, CEG, CHG

Mapistry California Water Board

Overview

• Site History/Stormwater Background

• Site Specific Target Concentrations

• Exceedance Investigation

• Custom BMPs

• Applications

Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet

▪ Aka “Mothball Fleet” or “Ghost Fleet”

▪ Benicia, California

▪ Operated by US DOT Maritime Administration (MARAD)

▪ Retention and non-retention vessels (USCG, Navy, MARAD)

Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet 4

Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet 5

Conditions in 2006

6

Water Quality Concerns

• Discharge of metals during in-water hull cleaning

• Metals accumulation in sediments

• Metals discharge from exfoliated paint and metals in stormwater

7

Enrollment in the California

Industrial Stormwater Permit

8

Sweeping/Vacuuming

9

Data were Collected

• Before: original condition

• After sweeping

• After both sweeping and

hydroblasting

10

Questions asked

1. Does sweeping work?

2. Does hydroblasting work?

3. Sweeping vs. Hydroblasting?

4. Realistic target concentrations?

11

Original Conditions Collected from October 2009 to April 2010, total metals

Results in µg/L Average Maximum Target

Copper 77 520 63.6, 3.1

Lead 125 1,200 81.6, 2.5

Zinc 2,079 12,000 117, 81

Post Sweeping

Collected from Dec. 2010 through March 2011

Results in µg/L Average Maximum

Copper 28 (down 64%) 110

Lead 24 (down 81%) 210

Zinc 1099 (down 48%) 5,300

Roanoke

Results in µg/L Start Sweep Hydroblast

Copper 97 14 (86 %) ND (100 %)

Lead 6.6 0.5 (93 %) ND (100 %)

Zinc 1,700 370 (79 %) ND (100 %)

Setting Target Concentrations

Step 1 results Average (µg/L) Maximum (µg/L)

Copper 37 210

Lead Total 23 290

Zinc Total 499 3,500

Step 2 targets New (µg/L) Old (µg/L)

Copper 210 63.6, 3.1

Lead 290 81.6, 2.5

Zinc 3,500 117, 81

Response to Site Specific

Target Concentrations

Site Specific Target Concentrations

• Copper 210 ug/L

• Lead 290 ug/L

• Nickel 31 ug/L

• Zinc 3,500 ug/L

Exceedance

▪ Mt. Washington

▪ November 2012 sampling event

▪ Total Copper 3,000 ug/L

▪ Dissolved Copper 2,600 ug/L

Mt. Washington Historical Data

Target

(ug/L)

Sampling Results (ug/L)

Mar-14

2011

Mar-13

2012

Oct-22

2012

Nov-28

2012

210 1,100 2,800 2,900 3,000

Current BMPs ▪ Non-Structural Controls

▪ Sweeping ▪ Structural Controls

▪ Coconut mats ▪ Perlite wattle ▪ Walnut shell wattle ▪ Oil adsorbents ▪ Scupper screens

▪ Focus ▪ Solids ▪ Petroleum ▪ Metals

Investigation

▪ Potential sources: grease, lubricants

▪ Screening using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)

XRF - Field Screening Tool

Commonly used for:

▪ Metals in soils

▪ Lead paint in toys

▪ Contaminated dry wall (strontium)

Results

▪ 19 surfaces screened

▪ Equipment and superstructure surfaces (non-detect to 10,000 ppm)

▪ Elevated levels on SALM

SALM

▪ Single Anchor Leg Mooring ▪ Underwater anchor for

fueling operations ▪ Allows for fueling in higher

seas ▪ Mt. Washington is off-shore

fueling tanker ▪ SALM is 55’ by 140’ ▪ Mt. Washington is 100’ by

700’

SALM Copper Leaching

▪ Ablative paint coating

▪ Confirm leaching

▪ Distilled water on SALM surface

▪ 640 ug/L dissolved copper

Options ▪ Source Control

▪ Re-paint ▪ Cover (shrink wrap)

▪ Treatment ▪ BMPs ▪ Existing

▪ Considerations ▪ Environment ▪ Costs ▪ Human health ▪ Applicability ▪ Feasibility ▪ Scraping schedule

Column Test

Modified zeolites Dissolved Copper

Influent 640 ug/L Effluent <100 ug/L >80% removal rate

Customized BMPs

▪ Two media types for metal removal

▪ Two configurations

▪ Filter bags

▪ Filter socks

▪ Check dams and over

scupper drains

Planned Wet Season Monitoring ▪ Hydraulics ▪ Treatment Performance ▪ Maintenance/longevity ▪ Deployment

Major Source Control ▪ Mt. Washington scrapped prior to wet

season

Similar Approach Petroleum Exceedances

▪Source Investigation ▪Custom BMPs ▪Wet Season Monitoring

Custom BMPs

Wet Season Monitoring

Program Highlights

• Site specific target concentrations

• Regular monitoring of stormwater discharges

• Routine inspection, sweeping, and BMP replacement

• Aggressive exceedance investigations

• Innovative BMP implementation

Applications

▪ Facilities’ Industrial stormwater permits

▪ Pollutant source tracking

Closing

Acknowledgements Bryan Vogel, Erick Lawlor, and Joe Pecoraro (MARAD) Andrea Brown (Terraphase Engineering) Mike Dieckhaus (Tetra Tech)

Questions?

Ryan Janoch Mapistry

ryan@mapistry.com

David Elias California Water Board

delias@waterboards.ca.gov