Post on 29-Jun-2015
ComeniusComeniusWater a vital elementWater a vital element
4 th meeting4 th meeting
Calaf (Spain)Calaf (Spain)
21 th Feb. – 25 th Feb. 201121 th Feb. – 25 th Feb. 2011
PresentationPresentation
• The sustainable use of virtual The sustainable use of virtual waterwater
• Virtual waterVirtual water• Water use related conflictsWater use related conflicts• Consequences of using dirty Consequences of using dirty
water(illnesses)water(illnesses)• Water contamination and its Water contamination and its
recyclingrecycling• Water hardnessWater hardness
Sustainable use of waterSustainable use of water
• Generally we don’t make a Generally we don’t make a sustainable use of water, we waste sustainable use of water, we waste more water than the water needed.more water than the water needed.
• This is specially reflected in the rich This is specially reflected in the rich countries, and we see it in different countries, and we see it in different situations such as industry, situations such as industry, agriculture or domestic use.agriculture or domestic use.
Sustainable use of waterSustainable use of water
• In this world map we can see the different areas In this world map we can see the different areas where there is more population than water. where there is more population than water.
• The water stress happens because of an The water stress happens because of an excessive use of the natural resources of water excessive use of the natural resources of water either too much population or excessive use.either too much population or excessive use.
The sustainable use of The sustainable use of water.water.• The universal The universal
exposition of Zaragoza exposition of Zaragoza 2008, was about water 2008, was about water and tried to raise and tried to raise awareness about awareness about sustainable water use.sustainable water use.
• The UNESCO and The UNESCO and others organisations others organisations also tried to promove also tried to promove international treaties international treaties about the use of water. about the use of water.
The sustainable use of The sustainable use of water.water.• In this diagram you can see In this diagram you can see
the % of the availability of the % of the availability of fresh water in the fresh water in the continents and its continents and its distribuition with world distribuition with world population.population.
• The numbers correspond to:The numbers correspond to:– 1 North and Central 1 North and Central
AmericaAmerica– 2 South America2 South America– 3 Europe3 Europe– 4 Africa4 Africa– 5 Asia5 Asia– 6 Australia and Oceania6 Australia and Oceania
15
26
8 11
35
58 613 13
59
10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4 5 6
AiguaPoblació
Virtual waterVirtual water
1.1. The virtual water is The virtual water is the water that we the water that we need for produce need for produce aliments that we aliments that we consume everyday.consume everyday.
2.2. This dates reflect the This dates reflect the amount of water that amount of water that is needed to produce is needed to produce one kilo of each one one kilo of each one of this aliments.of this aliments.
Vac
a
Bov
í
Aus
Cer
eals
Cít
rics
Llegum
s
15000
10000
6000
1500100010000
2000400060008000
10000120001400016000
Litres/ K
Virtual waterVirtual water
• In this map we can see the countries more In this map we can see the countries more importer and exporter of water in the world.importer and exporter of water in the world.
• The zones marked with blue are the exporters.The zones marked with blue are the exporters.
• The zones marked with red or orange are the The zones marked with red or orange are the importers.importers.
Conflicts for the use of Conflicts for the use of waterwater
• This map shows the hydrographic bassins This map shows the hydrographic bassins between countries and the treaties for their use.between countries and the treaties for their use.
• More dark zones have more treaties for the use More dark zones have more treaties for the use of water between countries. of water between countries.
Conflicts for the use of Conflicts for the use of waterwater
• People think that the use of water causes lots of conflicts between People think that the use of water causes lots of conflicts between countries, but we can see in this diagram that important conflicts countries, but we can see in this diagram that important conflicts aren’t usual on the world.aren’t usual on the world.
• Usually there are politic treaties for the use of water between Usually there are politic treaties for the use of water between countries, when a river pass for different nations.countries, when a river pass for different nations.
Consequences of use of dirty Consequences of use of dirty waterwater
• The use of dirty water can cause lots The use of dirty water can cause lots of illnesses on the people like:of illnesses on the people like:– MalariaMalaria– Typhoid feverTyphoid fever– DysenteryDysentery– CholeraCholera
Consequences of use of dirty Consequences of use of dirty water.water.
Bacteria Enfermedad/infección Síntomas
Aeromonas EnteritisDiarrea muy líquida, con sangre y moco
Campylobacter jejuni CampilobacteriosisGripe, diarres, dolor de cabeza y estómago, fiebre, calambres y náuseas
Escherichia coli Infecciones del tracto urinario, meningitis neonatal, enfermedades intestinales
Diarrea acuosa, dolores de cabeza, fiebre, uremia homilética, daños hepáticos
Plesiomonas shigelloides Plesiomonas-infecciónNáuseas, dolores de estómago y diarrea acuosa, a veces fiebre, dolores de cabeza y vómitos
Salmonella typhi Fiebre tifoidea Fiebre
Salmonella sp. SalmonelosisMareos, calambres intestinales, vómitos, diarrea y a veces fiebre leve
Streptococcus Enfermedad (gastro) intestinalDolores de estómago, diarrea y fiebre, a veces vómitos
Vibrio El Tor (agua dulce) Cólera (forma leve) Fuerte diarrea
Consequences of use of dirty Consequences of use of dirty water.water.
Microorganismo Enfermedad Síntomas
Amoeba Disenteria ameboide
Fuerte diarrea, dolor de cabeza, dolor abdominal, escalofríos, fiebre; si no se trata puede causar abscesos en el hígado, perforación intestinal y muerte
Cryptosporidium parvum Criptosporidiosis Sensación de mareo, diarrea acuosa, vómitos, falta de apetito
Giardia Giardiasis Diarrea, calambres abdominales, flatulencia, eruptos, fatiga
Toxoplasm gondii Toxoplasmosis Gripe, inflamación de las glándulas linfáticasEn mujeres embarazadas aborto e infecciones cerebrales
Consequences of use of dirty Consequences of use of dirty water.water.
Tipo de organismo Enfermedad Efectos
Bacterias Fiebre tifoidea Diarrea, vómitos severos, inflamación del bazo, inflamación de los intestinos; a menudo fatal si no es tratada
Cólera Diarreas, vómitos severos, deshidratación; a menudo fatal si no es tratada
Disentería bacteriana Diarrea; raramente fatal excepto en niños si no se sigue tratamiento apropiado
Enteritis Dolor severo del estómago, náusea, vómitos; raramente fatal
Virus Hepatitis Infecciosa Fiebre, dolor de cabeza severo, pérdida de apetito, dolor abdominal, ictericia, inflamación del hígado; raramente fatal pero puede causar daño irreversible del hígado
Protozoos parásitos Disentería amébica Diarrea severa, dolor de cabeza, dolor abdominal, escalofríos, fiebre; si no es tratada puede causar absceso del hígado, la perforación del intestino y la muerte
Giardiasis Diarrea, calambres abdominales, flatulencia, eructos, fatiga
Gusanos parásitos Schistosomiasis Dolor abdominal, erupción de la piel, anemia, fatiga crónica, mala salud crónica general
Consequences of use of dirty Consequences of use of dirty water.water.
• The contagion of The contagion of illnesses is related illnesses is related to the stock of tap to the stock of tap water at houses.water at houses.
• In this diagram we In this diagram we can see the can see the distribution of distribution of houses without houses without stock of tap water.stock of tap water.
Consequences of use of dirty Consequences of use of dirty waterwater
Consequences of use of dirty Consequences of use of dirty water.water.• Other thing that Other thing that
concern the spreading concern the spreading of illnesses is the of illnesses is the absence of service of absence of service of cleaning water at cleaning water at houses houses
• In this diagram we can In this diagram we can see the distribution on see the distribution on the world of the world of population without population without systems of cleaning systems of cleaning water in their houseswater in their houses
Consequencies of the use of Consequencies of the use of dirty water.dirty water.
Consequences of the use of Consequences of the use of dirty waterdirty water
Call to actionCall to action
•World forum of teenagers.•Main ideas:
– The use of water is a basic right of people– We need to use correctly the ressources
of water in the world– All kids in the world must have the
access to clean water– The politicians must work to solve the
conflicts about water
The hardness of water
• The comparison between different types of water lets us see this results:– Distilled water– Osmosis water– Bottled water– Tap water from
Calaf