Post on 07-Apr-2018
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PERFORMANCE STUDY & ENHANCEMENT OFPERFORMANCE STUDY & ENHANCEMENT OF
COOLING TOWER (PH#1)COOLING TOWER (PH#1)
2*70 MW POWER PLANT2*70 MW POWER PLANTProject WorkProject Work
byby
ABHISHEK SRIVASTAVAABHISHEK SRIVASTAVA
ANKUSH TOMARANKUSH TOMAR
DEEP CHATTERJEEDEEP CHATTERJEE
NITIN PANDEYNITIN PANDEY
PROJECT GUIDEPROJECT GUIDEM.R.L. SHARMA(M.R.L. SHARMA(SR.MANAGERSR.MANAGER)
JINDAL STEEL & POWER LIMITED (C.G.)JINDAL STEEL & POWER LIMITED (C.G.)
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CONTENTCONTENT
PROJECT OBJECTIVE
ABOUT COOLING TOWER
STUDY OF DESIGN PARAMETER
DATA COLLECTION & ANALYSIS
COOLING TOWER LOSS STUDY
OVERALL
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Project ObjectiveProject Objective
To meet design efficiency by applyingTo meet design efficiency by applying
necessary and corrective measures.necessary and corrective measures.
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COOLING TOWERSCOOLING TOWERS
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COMPONENTS OF A COOLINGCOMPONENTS OF A COOLING
TOWERTOWER
CCooling tower supplied, erected & commissioned
by Paharpur cooling tower in the year 2001
Frame and casing : RCC built counter flow coolingFrame and casing : RCC built counter flow coolingtowertower
FillFill : PVC: PVC
Drift eliminators : PlasticsDrift eliminators : Plastics
Nozzles : PVCNozzles : PVC
FansFans : Glass reinforced polyester: Glass reinforced polyester
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COMPONENTS MAKECOMPONENTS MAKE
COMPONENTS : MAKERS
GEAR BOX : GEARREDUCER - SERIES 36 & 38 FAN MOTOR : KIRLOSKAR
FAN : MARLEY COOLING TOWER CO.
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CT-MOTOR
CT-FAN
FILLS
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Hot water enters at the top
Air enters at the bottom and exits at the top
Uses induced draft fan/s
Induced Draft Counter Flow CT
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STUDY OF DESIGNPARAMETERS
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MEASURED PARAMETERS
Wet bulb temperature of air
Dry bulb temperature of air
Cooling tower inlet water temperature
Cooling tower outlet water temperature
Water flow rate
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PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS
1. Range
2. Approach
3. Effectiveness
4. Evaporation
5. Cycles of concentration
6. Blow down
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1. RANGE
Difference between
cooling water inlet
and outlet
temperature:
Range (C) = CW
inlet temp CW outlettemp
Ran
ge
Approach
Hot Water Temperature (In)
Cold Water Temperature (Out)
Wet Bulb Temperature (Ambient)
(In) to the Tower(Out) from the Tower
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2. APPROACH
Difference between
cooling tower outlet cold
water temperature and
ambient wet bulb
temperature:
Approach (C) =
CW outlet temp Wetbulb temp
Range
Appro
ac
h
Hot Water Temperature (In)
Cold Water Temperature (Out)
Wet Bulb Temperature (Ambient)
(In) to the Tower
(Out) from theTower
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3. EFFECTIVENESS
Effectiveness in %
= Range / (Range + Approach)
= (CW in temp CW out temp) X 100
(CW in temp Wet bulb temp)
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4. EVAPORATION
Water quantity (m3/hr) evaporated for cooling.
= theoretically, 1.8 m3 for every 10,000,000 kcal
heat rejected. (approx. value as the evaporationvaries according to the atmospheric condition)
= 0.00085 x 1.8 x circulation rate (m3/hr)x (T1-T2)
T1-T2 = Temp. difference between inlet and
outlet water
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5. CYCLES OF CONCENTRATION
(C.O.C.)Ratio of dissolved solids in circulating water to the
dissolved solids in make up water
6. BLOW DOWN
Evaporation Loss
=
(C.O.C. 1)
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Data Collection
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COOLING TOWER LOSSES STUDY
COOLING TOWER LOSSES STUDY
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COOLING TOWER RANGE = 8.60
COOLING TOWER APPROACH = 5.90
COOLING TOWER EFFICTIVENESS (%)
RANGE/ (RANGE+APPROACH)x1008.6/(8.6+5.90) x100
59.30
RATED COOLING TOWER EFFICTIVENESS (%)
RANGE/ (RANGE+APPROACH) x100
10/(10+4) x100
71.42
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EVAPORATION IN M3/Hr
0.00085x1.8x CIRCULATION RATE(m3/h)x(O/L-I/L)0.00085 x1.8 x12000 x8.60
158 m3/hr
DESIGN EVAPORATION IN M3
/Hr
0.00085x1.8x CIR. RATE (m3/hr)x(O/L-I/L)
0.00085 x1.8 x 13300 x 10 = 203.49 m3/hr
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BLOW DOWN (ACTUAL ON FORMULA BASIS)
EVAPORATION LOSS/(C.O.C.-1)
158/(6.66-1) =27.9 M3/Hr
DESIGN BLOW DOWN
203.49/(10-1) = 22.95 M3/Hr
BLOWDOWN IS SLIGHTLY MORE THAN DESIGNVALUE
MAKE UP WATER REQUIRED
EVAPORATION LOSS + BLOW DOWN LOSS158 + 27.90 =185.9 M3/Hr
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OBSERVATIONS:
LESS EVAPORATION THAN DESIGN VALUE
1. LACK OF COOLING HENCE AFFECTING THE
RANGE.
2. LESS AIR FLOW THAN REQUIRED.3. BLOCKED SPRAY NOZZLES.
4. SCALING / FOULING ON FILL PACKS.
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HIGHER BLOW DOWN THAN DESIGN VALUE
1. WORKING PERSONNEL TAKING WATERFROM COOLING TOWER SUMP FOR FILTER
BACKWASH
2. SOMETIME TO MAINTAIN THE REQUIRED WATERCHEMISTRY & PH MORE BLOWDOWN REQUIRED
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OVERALL.
(1) PERIODICAL CHECKING AND CLEANING OF ALLSPARY NOZZLES.
(2) OPTIMISE COOLING TOWER BLADE ANGLE ON
SEASONAL AND LOAD BASIS.
(3) DEFECTIVE DRIFT ELIMINATOR REPLACEMENT.(4) DAMAGED COATED FILL PACK REPLACEMENT.
(5) CONSIDERATION SHOULD BE TAKEN IN ORDER TO
MAINTAIN BALANCE BETWEEN AUXILLARY POWER
COMSUMPTION & COOLING WATER
TEMPERATURE.
(6) MAINTAING WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS
STRINGENTLY THERE BY MINIMIZING BLOWDOWN
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THANKSTHANKS