Post on 03-Jun-2018
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 1
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Part 1
Conventional Landfill Design & OperationFrom Design to Problem Solving
Professor Zaini UjangPh.D., C.Eng.(UK), C.W.E.M. (UK), PPT
Institute of Environmental & Water Resource Management
Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaEmail: zaini@fka.utm
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Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Presentation Menu
Types of landfill and landfilling methods
Sitting
Gas management
Leachate control
Surface water control
Structural characteristics and settlement
Layout design
Development of operation plan
Landfill closure and post-closure
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 3
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Natural attenuation landfill
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 4
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Modern sanitary landfill
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 5
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Landfill technologyDefinitions
Landfill refers to Physical facilities used for thedisposal of residual solid wastes in the surface soils of the
earth
Sanitary landfill refers to engineered facility for thedisposal of municipal solid wastes designed and operated
to minimize public health and environmental impact
Secure landfill refers to engineered facility for the
disposal of municipal solid wastes designed and operatedto hazardous wastes
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 7
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Landfill planning, design and operation
Layout and design Operation and management
Biochemical reactions
Management of landfill gases
Management of leachate
Environmental monitoring
Landfill closure and post-closure
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 9
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Landfill planning, design and operationOperation and management
Definition sketch for landfill operations and processes
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 10
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Development and completion of landfillLandfilling
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 11
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Development and completion of landfillCompleted landfilling
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 12
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Landfill planning, design and operationBiochemical reactions
Biotransformation of organics into landfill gases andliquids
Starting with aerobic, then followed by anaerobic
processes. Aerobic process produces CO2 and H2O
Anaerobic process produces CO2, CH4 and trace
amounts of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 14
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Landfill planning, design and operationPhysical reactions
Lateral diffusion of gases in landfill
Emission of landfill gases to surrounding environment
Movement of leachate within the landfill and intounderlying soil
Settlement caused by consolidation and
decomposition of landfill materials
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 15
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Landfill calssification, types and methodsLandfill classification
Municipal solid wasteIII
Designated wasteII
Hazardous wasteI
Type of wastesClass
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 16
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Landfill types and methodsLandfilling methods
- Canyons, ravines, dry barrow pits and quarries
- Depends on availability of adequate material tocover the individual lifts and final cover
Canyon /
depression
-Where terrain is unsuitable for excavation ofcells
- High ground water conditions
Area
- Adequate depth of cover material is available
- Far from water table
Excavated cell
Type of wastesMethods
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 17
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Commonly used landfilling methods(a) Excavated cell/trench
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 18
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Commonly used landfilling methods(b) Area
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 19
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Commonly used landfilling methods(c) Canyon/depression
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Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Composition and characteristics, generation,movement and control of gases
0.01 - 0.6Trace constituents
0 - 0.2Carbon Monoxide
0 - 0.2Hydrogen
0.1 - 1.0Ammonia
0 - 1.0Sulfides, disulfides, mercaptans, etc.
0.1 - 1.0Oxygen
2 - 5Nitrogen
40 - 60Carbon dioxide
45 - 60Methane
%(dry volume basis)Components
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIAInstitute of Environmental & Water Resource Management 23
Workshop on New Technologies for Cost-effective Landfill Management, UTM Kuala Lumpur. 7 July 2004
Molecular weight, density, and specific weight of gasesfound in sanitary landfill at standard conditions (0oC, 1 atm)
0.08921.428932.00O2Oxygen
0.07821.250728.02N2Nitrogen0.04480.716716.03CH4Methane
0.09611.539234.08H2SHydrogen sulfide
0.00560.08982.016H2Hydrogen
0.07811.250128.00COCarbon Monoxide
0.12351.976844.00CO2Carbon dioxide
0.04820.770817.03NH3Ammonia
0.08081.292828.97Air
Specific
weight lb/ft3Density g/L
Molecular
WeightFormulaGas
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