Complete Heterodontosaurus scanned

HeterodontosaurusinhabitedallregionsofEarth’ssupercon6nent,Pangea,200millionyearsago.Althoughverywidespreadandsuccessful,scien6stsknowveryliBleaboutthiscreature.

Complete Heterodontosaurus scanned

PalaeontologistsfromtheUniversityoftheWitwatersrandinSouthAfricaandfromtheESRFhavescanned,onID17,themostcompletefossilskeletonofthisdinosaureverfound.

Complete Heterodontosaurus scanned

Thissmall,plant-ea6ngdinosaurhadgrindingteethinthebackofthejawandlargecaninesinthefront.Scien6stshopetounderstandhowHeterodontosaurusate,movedandbreathed.Thefossilwasdiscoveredinariverbedin

SouthAfricabyBillydeKlerk.

Complete Heterodontosaurus scanned

FortwodecadestheESRFhasbeendevelopinguniqueworldwideexper6seinpalaeontology,designingnon-invasivetechniquesspecificallyforpalaeontologicalstudies.

Complete Heterodontosaurus scanned

TheESRFisuniqueinthatthehigh-resolu6onoftheimagesgeneratedhelpsscien6stsdecipherbetweenhardrocksurroundingthefossilandthebonecapturedinside.

Complete Heterodontosaurus scanned

Usingthehigh-resolu6onimagesofthescan,scien6stscanvirtuallydigouttheskeletonandreconstructtheanimalin3D.

Complete Heterodontosaurus scanned

“it'slikelyajuvenile:theskullbonesaren'tstronglysuturedtogether.Onthefirstscanswecanseetheopeningsintheskullwhichareforthebalanceorgans.”-Prof.JonahChoiniere,WitsUniversity,SA.

OnID17,theteamtakesafirstlookattheimagesofthescans.

Complete Heterodontosaurus scanned

ESRFpalaeontologist,VincentFernandez,co-leaderoftheresearch,setsthedinosaurskullinplacebeforestar6ngfivedaysofround-the-clockscansonID17.

Noroviruscausesinfec6ousgastroenteri6s,ahighlycontagiousstomachbug,andaffectsmillionsofpeopleofallagesaroundtheworld.

Can breast milk protect against norovirus?

Therearefewwaystopreventinfec6onandthediseasecanbedangerousforbabiesandtheelderly,duetodehydra6on.

Can breast milk protect against norovirus?

StudiesperformedattheESRFallowedscien6ststoshowthatcomponentsofbreastmilkcouldbeanaturaldecoyinhumans,blockingnorovirusfromaBachingtocellularligandsandthusavoidinginfec6on.

Can breast milk protect against norovirus?

HumannorovirusesbindtoHisto-BloodGroupAn6gens(HBGAs).Inbreastmilk,humanmilkoligosaccharides(HMOs)containbuildingblocksthatresemblethoseofHBGAs.

Can breast milk protect against norovirus?

ResearchersfromHeidelbergUniversity,theGermanCancerResearchCenter,andthecompanyJenneweinBiotechnologieGmbHanalysedtheabilityofhumannorovirustobindtotwooligosaccharidesfromhumanbreastmilk:2’FLand3FL.

Can breast milk protect against norovirus?

Theteamfoundthatboth2'-fucosyllactose(2'FL)and3FLstructurallyblockthebindingsitesthatnorovirususesforbindingtoHBGAs.Poten6alapplica6onsfromthisstudyincludetheop6onofusing2’FLand3FLasnorovirusan6virals.

Can breast milk protect against norovirus?

TheexperimentstookplaceonbeamlinesID23-1,ID30A-1(MASSIF-1)andID30B.Photo:ChristophMüeller-Dieckmann,scien6stonID30B,duringanofficialvisittothebeamline.

Can breast milk protect against norovirus?