Post on 14-Apr-2018
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I. IntroductionA community is a group of interacting people, living in some proximity (i.e. space, time or
relationship). It usually refers to a social unit larger than a household that shares common values
and has social cohesion. It continually exists because of the peoples harmonious relationship
and mutual urge to keep living. In a community, several sectors coexist together for the people
and inhabitants of it to live comfortably and safely. These sectors are run by people inside the
community, the environment where a community lives also affects the lives of the people, it
affects their ways of life, coping mechanisms, practices and beliefs of its inhabitants. In line with
this thought, it is safe to say that no community is exactly the same with another community.
People comprise a community, and it is inevitable that there are differences in the ways and
beliefs of each individual. Individual differences, as they say it, some people in the community
are well off and some are not. Though living inside the same community, different people from
all walks of life can be found here and this is one of the factors that make a community unique in
its own way. These several factors mentioned are what make a community a community.
There are ways to evaluate the condition of an existing community, one of which is through a
community diagnosis.
A community diagnosis is a comprehensive assessment of the health status of a community
in relation to its social, physical and biological environment. The purpose of a community
diagnosis is to define existing problems, determine available resources, and set priorities for
planning, implementing and evaluating health actions, by and for the community. A community
diagnosis is carried out through collection of data from the people of the community under
evaluation, to provide pertinent information to be analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively to be
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able to arrive to certain conclusions and identification of problems in the community. Give
possible recommendation to be implemented to ensure the well being of the people in the
community.
General Objective:
To be able to identify certain community problems affecting the people inside it through
data gathering procedures and be able to arrive at certain conclusions and give recommendations
to address the identified problems.
Specific Objectives:
To choose a baranggay with possible unaddressed problems in terms of its social,physical and biological aspect.
Gather data from the people and different sectors to provide information and datapertinent to the community diagnosis.
Determine existing problems inside the community to be able to address them.
Formulate conclusions based on the data gathered from the community. State recommendations that will address the identified problems in the community.
Methodology
To be able to get right number of sample to represent the whole population of the chosen
baranggay, Slovins formula was used.
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From this sample, a survey was conducted to gather data. A questionnaire was formulated
as a tool to aid in the data gathering procedure.
Interview of some people and officials of the baranggay was also conducted for
additional information.
Secondary data were also gathered from the records of the Baranggay Health Midwife
from the Baranggay Health Station. Same type of data were also gathered from records of the
baranggay from its officials.
Prior to the actual data gathering, several procedures were undertaken, from asking for
the consent of the Municipal Health Officer as our head of office to informing and asking for
the permission of the authorities of the baranggay under study, to observe proper protocols.
Limitations
This evaluation through a community diagnosis is primarily focused in Brgy. Siuton, a
baranggay in the municipality of Magallanes. It is one of its 34 baranggays, one of the biggest
and one of the most populated.
This community diagnosis is focused on the people withn the area of Brgy. Siuton, the
different sectors within it, including the peoples practices, ways and beliefs from the olden days
up to present.
It is only limited to the factors and people within the area of Brgy. Siuton.
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II. Target Community ProfileHistorical Background
The legend of Siuton has many versions. The reason perhaps is that, the legend has been
told and retold by people. Some added facts, others omit, and a few made their own. However,
the original legend still survives.
It was on the Spanish era when various pirates roamed around in search for a good settlement
that Siuton came to be.
Many believed that once, a group of Muslim pirates came across a narrow route. Curious
about where this route was leading, they asked the inhabitants of a nearby place about it. They
found that nobody knows where it was leading, for the route was too narrow for a vessel to pass.
Fearless and adventurous, the Muslim pirates tried to cross the route, until they found an
uninhabited place. The place was rich with natural resources and its invigorating breeze invited
the pirates to settle in her virgin lands.
The Muslim pirates enjoyed life in their new found abode. The need for name of their
home arose. As they ponder on what name should they give the place, they recalled the one-way
route that brought them to the peaceful place with abundant foods. They decided to name the
place PIOTON meaning narrow. As months turned into years and years to centuries, numerous
groups of people inhabited the place and the name Pioton became SIUTON up to this
writing.
Siuton, besdes its being a tourist spot because of its famous rivers, is a historical place.
For it was here that the first mass in Mainland Luzon was held in the year 1569. In fact, Merito
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Espinas, a Bicol Culture professor, and a group of priests came to commemorate the said event
on July 15, 1978. A beautiful landmark worth one thousand two hundred pesos was put up
through the leadership of late Barangay Captain Jose C. Carrascal Jr. and was blessed by Msgr.
Arcilla.
The story behind this historical event is, once a group of Franciscan Friars were trapped
in their journey by a strong typhoon in the midst of China Sea. The water over- flooded the sea.
Their hope for survival was almost nil for they couldnt peep shelter. As they sailed, they came
across a river whose other side seemed to be safe for a sojourn. They tried to cross it amidst great
difficulties. It was upon this that they set foot on the land of Gibalon, Siuton (the other side of
the river) that they held a mass as thanksgiving for the safe place they got and for saving them
from the strong current of the river that they crossed, thus, celebrating the first mass in Mainland
Luzon.
Siuton is a barangay in the municipality of Magallanes in the province of Sorsogon. It has
a total land area of 708.083 hectares and an inland barangay in location with its surrounding
baranggays as Brgy. Malbog in the north, Brgy Salvacion in its southern part, Brgy Caditaan in
its west part and the baranggay of Busay in its eastern part. The baranggay is divided into ten
puroks. Its topography is mostly mountainous and portions of plain fields with the Siuton River
almost encircling the whole of the baranggay.
Barangay Siuton is 7.8 kilometer away from the metropolitan area with the majority of its
roads as concrete and very little portions of rough road. The peoples main mode of
transportation to get to the poblacion or metropolitan area is through public tricycles, if public
jeepneys are available, people also resort to this mode of transporation, and some who owns
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motorcycles uses it as a way to get to the poblacion. It has a total of 2,047 people in its
population as of the year 2011 and with a total households of 407.
The baranggay has different facilities and infrastructures in it. Before reaching the center
of the baranggay, the chapel in Gibalon which was described above as the site of the first mass in
Mainland Luzon can be found a few meters from the baranggays pueblo. At the pueblo of the
baranggay, the other two churches can be found, one is the church of the Protestants and the
other one is the Catholic Church. Majority of the people in the baranggay, though, are Roman
Catholics. A high school facility can also be found in the baranggay, a public high school where
the high school students from Brgy . Siuton and its nearby baranggays study. An elementary
school is also present in the baranggay, a public one, serves as a learning center for the
baranggay s school children as well as its neighboring baranggays. A preschool facility can also
be found here. A Baranggay Health Station is also situated at the baranggay, this is where the
people seeks medical assistance, avail some of the Municipal Health Offices program. The
health station in this baranggay is a bit worn out already, some of its parts are already in a bad
condition because its battle with time. As I have interviewed the Baranggay Health Midwife and
the Branggay Health Workers, they told me that repair of the facility is not feasible at this time
because of the revolutionary taxes that are asked for, efforts from the baranggay officials that are
willing to repair the facility is useless because of this demands, other Non- Government
Organizations have also tried to hand some assistance but still hindrances like this does not
permit any progress.
Just a few yards from the Baranggay Health Station is the Branggay Outpost where the
peace officers of the baranngay go on duty and occasional rule breakers are forced to spend some
time as penalty. Beside the Outpost is the entrance to the area where the High School, a
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basketball court where the youth and other grown up men are playing basketball for past time or
for exercise, and the Baranggay Hall that serves as the office for the officials of the baranggay is
situtuated. Beside this is the land mark where all the baranggay officials name and other
pertinent information about the baranggay is written. A market where fish are sold can also be
found here, made of concrete material.
Two bridges can also be found in the baranngay, one is situated just a few meters away
from the Baranggay outpost and the other is situated at the eastern part going to Busay.
The houses in the baranggay are scattered all trhough the area of the baranggay,some are
in the baranggays pueblo while some are farther. Most houses are made from ligyt materials like
nipa and bamboo and some are concrete, others have mixed materials of light and concrete used
for their homes.
Several stores are also found in the baranggay, most of it are small grocery stores. There
are also establishments that buys copra that is situated in the baranggay.
The main mode of communication in the baranggay, the same with other baranggays,is
through cellular phone. Majority of the people here make use of this gadget to communicate in
and out of the baranggay. Some who are obliged to use postal office still sends messages through
it but they have to travel to the metropolitan where the Postal Office is situated.
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Organizational Chart of Baranggay Siuton
Alex H. Maquiling
Baranggay Captain
Alfredo H. Coronado
Peace and Order Committee
Chairman
Eduard H. Carrascal
Education Committee Chairman
Eden B. Santileses
Finance Committee Chairman
Hanjie G. Buenaflor
Agriculture Committee Chairman
Reynaldo G. Hollon
Waterworks Committee Chairman
Lina H. Torres
Health Committee Chairman
Arturo V. Buenaflor
Sports and Development
Committee Chairman
Ronell R. Mico
SK Chairman
Mary Jane Lorenzana
Brgy. Secretary
Marites B. Alcario
Brgy. Treasurer
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Population Profile
Total Estimated Population of Baranggay: 2,047
Population Density:
Total Population of Area Surveyed: 2,047
Total Families Surveyed: 457
Total Number of Households Surveyed: 407
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Socio- Demographic Profile:
Age and Sex Distribution:
Table 2.1
Siuton Survey 2011
Age Male Female Total
0-11 33 28 61
1-4 114 89 203
5-9 145 105 250
10-14 143 120 263
15-19 126 106 232
20-24 77 89 166
25-29 76 59 135
30-34 64 63 127
35-39 58 58 116
40-44 52 48 100
45-49 43 38 81
50-54 39 43 82
55-59 29 29 58
60-64 28 21 49
65 over 41 83 124
1,060 979 2,047
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The total number of population of Brgy. Siuton is 2,047 for the year 2011. The baranggay
is comprised of 407 families residing in the total land area of square meters.
The calculation of the population density above shows that Brgy. Siuton
Table 1.1 shows the age and sex distribution of the baranggay. It reveals that there are
more males in the population than the females. It also shows that the age bracket of 15-64 years
old comprises the largest portion of the population showing that Siuton has the productive age
dominating in the population. The age group with the next largest number is the age group of 0-
14 years old with 777 children comprising it, also showing that the young population is at rise in
the baranggay. The age group with the least number is the ages 65 and above, the data revealing
a total number of 124 elderlies.
Sex Ratio:
Dependency Ratio:
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The dependency ratio is an age-population ratio of those typically not in the labor force
(the dependentpart) and those typically in the labor force (the productive part). It is used to
measure the pressure on productive population. As the ratio increases there may be an increased
burden on the productive part of the population to maintain the upbringing and pensions of the
economically dependent. This results in direct impacts on financial expenditures on things like
social security, as well as many indirect consequences. As for Brgy. Siuton, the dependency ratio
is relatively low. This shows that the populations age group who are in the productive stage is
more compared to those who are still economically dependent. This may indicate that Brgy.
Siuton is a productive community in terms of labor.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_securityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_force7/30/2019 Community Diagnosis Em
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Types of Family
Pie Graph 1.1
As to the type of family, there are two common types in the Philippines which is also true
in the baranggay of Siuton, the nuclear and extended type of family. Nuclear family is a term
used to define a family group consisting of one or more children living with two parents who are
married to one another mostly and are each biological or adoptive parent to all children in the
family while an extended type is a family that includes in one household near relatives in
addition to a nuclear family. As the pie graph shows above, the baranggay of Siuton have more
nuclear families than the extended type, this may show that more families in Siuton prefers to be
independent from their families and chooses to live alone with their own families.
82%
nuclear family
18%
extended family
Type of Family
Nuclear Family 82%
Extended Family 18%
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Religious Distribution
Pie Graph 2.2
In this community, only two religious group exists, the Protestants and the Roman
Catholics. Though the history of Siuton involves Muslim pirates, no traces of Muslim religion
can be found in the baranggay nowadays. The graph above reveals that the number of Roman
Catholics dominates, comprising 90% of the population. The remaining 10% of the population
are the Protestants in the community. This only shows about the strong influence of Christianity
in the community.
90%
Roman Catholics
10%
Protestants
Religious Distribution
Roman Catholic
Protestant
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Educational Attainment
Pie Graph 2.3
Education, for us Filipinos, is very important, it is often said that this is the only thing
that cannot be robbed from us. What the pie graph above shows is that majority of the people in
the barranggay have reached elementary level, a few 25% reached high school level and only
15% reached college level. This may be an implication of a low level of understanding of the
people and may be a cause of being close minded. It may be hard for the people to embrace new
practices that can be beneficial for them. More effort should be given by those who understands
more to send important information to the community, a strategy that will make the people
embrace and put to practice any given information.
60%
25%
15%
Educational Attainment Distribution
Elementary Level 60%
High School Level 25%
College Level 15%
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Occupation
Table 2.2 Ranking of Leading Occupations in the Baranggay
Rank Occupation
1 Self- employed
2 Farming/ fishing
3 Professional (practice law, medicine,
midwifery)
4 Overseas contract workers
5 Employment in government/private agencies
The people in this baranggay are mostly self- employed, mostly having their own family
businesses. The second most leading occupation in the community is farming and fishing. Next
on the ranking are the professionals practicing law and medical related fields. The community
also has overseas contract workers belonging in the population. Last in the ranking with the least
number is the people employed in government or private agencies.
Housing Condition
Table 2.3 Ranking of Housing Condition
Rank Type of Material
1 Nipa/ bamboo
2 Semi- concrete
3 Wood
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4 Concrete
5 Barong- barong
In the baranggay of Siuton most houses are made up of bamboo and nipa, followed by
houses made of semi- concrete materials. Third in the ranking are houses made of wood. Only a
few houses are made of concrete materials. Also, a few barong-barongs exist in the baranggay.
Environmental Indicators
Water Supply
Table 2.4 Water Sources
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Doubtful Sources
(Dug Well)
Deep
well
Households
served
No. of
public
faucets
Households
served
No. of
water
sources
Households
served
No. of
sources
Households
served
4 2 7 114 215 215 12 76
Water is very important for the survival of any life forms. In Brgy. Siuton, all levels of
water sources are being utilized. Majority of the households in Siuton are utilizing level III water
source or those with their own faucets in their homes connected to the water system of the
municipality. Next mostly utilized is level II water source, these are the public faucets shared by
people in the community. Doubtful sources of water are also being utilized in the baranggay,
these are the existing dug wells where people get their water supply for consumption in activities
of daily living. Least used n the baranggay is the level I source of water, which are deep wells.
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Excreta Disposal
Pie Graph 1.4
Regarding the excreta disposal of the people in the baranggay, most households in the
baranggay have their own toilets, but still there a number of households that dont have their own
toilets. This may pose a risk for the people in the community because the human excreta are not
disposed of properly and may cause certain diseases.
83.5%.
16.5%
Excreta Disposal
householdswith toilet 83.5%
households without toilet
16.5%
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Garbage Disposal
Pie Graph 1.5
Everybody wants to live in a safe environment, free from any disease causing garbage
and the like. In the municipality of Magallanes, the garbage truck that collects garbage does not
reach the baranggays far from the metropolitan, actually, only the metropolitan area is being
served by this dump truck. The people in Brgy Siuton have to resort to their own ways to dispose
of their garbage. Majority of the people in the baranggay uses garbage dumping as a disposal
practice, some of which are openly dumping at the river, some in their backyards and some in
any vacant lot that may be a dumping site. A percentage of 35 resort to burning and some 25% of
the people are using compost pits.
Garbage Disposal Practices
Dumping 40%
Burning 35%
compost pit 25%
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Electricity Services
Pie Graph 2.6
As for the electric services in the baranggay, it has already reached the baranggay, 75%
of the households already have availed of its services, but still a few 25% of households are not
availing this service.
Presence of Schools in the Baranggay
Table 2.6
School Facility Public Private
Pre- school 1 0
Elementary 1 0
Secondary 1 0
Electric Services
With Electricity 75%
Without Electricity 25%
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Tertiary 0 0
Though only a baranggay in a small municipality, Siuton also has its own school
facilities. These schools are all government-run. The baranggay has one pre-school facility, one
elementary school and one high school institution. This implies that the government and the
people give much importance to education and the eagerness of the people to educate the next of
our generations.
Health Facilities
Table 2.7
Health Facility No. present in the Baranggay
Baranggay Health Station 1
Baranggay Nutrition Center 1
Health facilities are also available in the baranggay. There is one Baranggay Health
Station and a Baranggay Nutrition Center. This is where the people avail of the services of the
health sector in their respective baranggay.
Transport Facility
Table 2.8 Most common transport facilities in Brgy. Siuton
Ranking Transport Facility
1 Tricycle
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2 Jeepney
3 Motorcycle
Transport facilities are much needed in the baranggay since it is a bit far from the
poblacion to walk to. Vehicles like tricycles, jeepneys and motorcycles are available. The
greatest vehicle in number are the tricycles, followed by jeepneys and few families own
motorcycles.
Health Seeking Behaviors
Pie Graph 2.7 Percentage Distribution of health seeking behaviors of the people in Brgy. Siuton
Despite the distance of Brgy. Siuton in the poblacion, the prevailing health seeking
behavior of the people is still resorting to licensed medical practitioners. There are also a few
Hospital 65%
Albularyo/Hilot 25%
Neighbors 10%
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who still believes in the healing power of quack doctors. Least among the list of the people is
asking help from their neighbors.
Family Planning
Table 2.9 Family Planning Methods
Family Planning Method No. of Acceptors
BTL 16
Pills 14
DMPA 6
LAM 10
As for the result of the data gathered for the family planning practices, it shows that only
very few couples are practicing family planning. The data reveals that only 16 couples used BTL
in family planning, followed by using of OCP to control pregnancy by 14 women. Ten women
are using LAM for family planning. And only six women are resorting to DMPA to control
pregnancy.
Morbidity and Mortality Data
Table 2.9 Ranking of the leading causes of morbidity
Rank Causes of Morbidity No. of Cases
1 Cough and colds, NP 164
2 Asthma 20
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3 Lacerated wound 17
4.5 Hypertension 9
4.5 Parasitism 9
5.5 Influenza 7
5.5 Headache 7
The highest prevailing cause of morbidity in Brgy. Siuton is cough and colds, most
prevalent in the young ones. This may be because of the very unpredictable weather throughout
the year. This is followed by 20 cases of asthma, still because of very unpredictable weather and
other factors. Seventeen cases of lacerated wound were presented in the data gathered, because
of accidents and other unpredicted incidence. This is followed by nine cases of hypertension, a
very common occurrence in the old ones and those with very unhealthy lifestyle. Same numbers
of cases were presented for parasitism. Influenza and headache have the same number of
prevalence throughout the year.
Table 2.10 Leading causes of mortality
Rank Cause of Mortality No. of Cases
1 Hypertension 5
2.5 Cancer of the throat 2
2.5 Status asthmaticus 2
3.5 Bleeding gastric ulcer 1
3.5 Myocardial infarction 1
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Siuton has a very low mortality rate for the year 2011. Five cases of hypertension were
reported as the leading cause of mortality in the community. This is followed by cancer of the
throat and status asthmaticus with two cases each. Bleeding gastric ulcer and myocardial
infarction ranked last with each of the mortality cause of one.
Leading Causes of Infant and Maternal Mortality
Table 2.11 Leading Cause of Infant Mortality
Infant Mortality Cause No. of Cases
None 0
Table 2.12 Leading Cause of Maternal Mortality
Maternal Mortality Cause No. of Cases
None 0
Because of the joint effort of the health workers and mothers as well as the other people
in the community, this year Siuton reported no cases of mortality for both infant and mothers.
III.Problem Identification and Reccommendations1. Risk for water- borne diseases because of usage of water from doubtful sources.
Encourage the people to practice sterilizing water through boiling. Health teachings regarding importance of clean water and the health hazards
posed by use of usafe water.
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Encourage the baranggay to provide more public faucets with sources from thewater works of the municipality.
2. Improper excreta disposal of some households because of the absence of toilet facilities. Encourage the baranggay officials to include in their projects a anumber of public
toilet facilities for the use of the people.
Health teaching to the community, emphasizing the importance of proper humanwaste disposal and the harms it can cause if not properly disposed of.
3. Very low number of acceptors in family planning methods.
More information drive regarding the importance of family planning.
Emphasizing the benefits of family planning methods.4. Improper garbage disposal practices like dumping in the river.
Health information drive regarding proper waste segregation and disposal. Encourage the people to keep the community clean and siting the benefits of it. Raise up the possibility of the dump truck collecting garbage from the baranggay.
5. Low level of education of majority of the the people which may be a cause of inability toaccept new practices.
More effort and information drive that is easily understandable by the people forthem to understand the information being given to them.
IV.ConclusionBased from the data gathered, I therefore conclude that Brgy. Siuton has a few problems
existing in the community regarding usage of doubtful sources of water that may pose a risk for
the health of the people. Another problem in the baranggay is the improper excreta disposal
practices of the people because of the absence of toilets in some of the households. Another
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problem presented is very low number of family planning acceptors that may be a result of being
not so open minded of the people regarding this methods. The problem of improper garbage
disposal practices was also sited. And this may be resolved only if the people would cooperate
with the efforts of the concerned citizens to change the wrong practices regarding garbage
diposal. The low level of education of majority of the people was also sited that may be a
hindrance in changing what is already a tradition and olden practices for the people.
It is also safe to say that the people in Siuton have given much importance to maternal
and child health because of the zero mortality for both in the year 2011.
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