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High Frequency Distribution Amplifier Group (HFDAG) System Design 12 February 2014

David WallaceSSC Pacific, DMR

619.767.4988david.e.wallace4@navy.mil

• High Frequency Distribution Amplifier Group (HFDAG) Program Overview

• HFDAG Functional Architecture

• Emerging DMR HF Technologies

Agenda

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Program Overview

High Frequency Distributed Amplifier Group

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• High Frequency (HF) Distributed Amplifier Group (DAG) is the Navy’s Program of Record (POR) HF system

• HFDAG is the follow-on replacement to HF Radio Group (HFRG)• HFDAG is a modular architecture utilizing the following core

components:Digital Modular Radio (DMR) as the HF transceiverCommercial Off the Shelf (COTS) to the best extent possibleProcurement for Navy-unique requirements

• Initial procurements are intended for Ship Construction (SCN) platforms::LPD (Amphibious Transport Dock), 16-Channel SystemDDG-51 (Guided Missile Destroyer), 8-Channel SystemDDG-1000 (Guided Missile Destroyer), 4-Channel SystemLHA (Amphibious Assault Ship), 16-Channel SystemCVN (Aircraft Carrier), 16-Channel System

• Space and Naval Warfare Command (SPAWAR) Systems Center Pacific (SSC PAC) is the system designer and integrator

What is HFDAG?

Interesting Fact: The USN has the highest HF performance demands and channel count requirements of any Navy in the world

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HFDAG Schedule

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OSAJJMAMFJDNOSAJJMAMFJDNOFY 14 FY 15

SAJJMAMFJDNOFY 13

SAJJMAFY 12

HFDAG Program TimelineIRD Design Complete

SW Build 6.4.4

SW Build 6.5

SW Build 6.5.1

HFDAG System Design and Prototype

PPS Prototype

PACU Prototype

Procure Racks Build Deliver

Functional Architecture

High Frequency Distributed Amplifier Group

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• In the HFDAG Functional Architecture, a single transmit and receive chain consists of:

Transmit and receive baseband input and outputA DMR radio channel (each DMR has four channels or transceivers)Pre/Post Selector (PPS)Flexible Power Management Unit (FPMU)Power Amplifier (PA) and Power Amplifier Control Unit (PACU)System Transmit and Receive Combining NetworksReceiver Antenna Patch Panel

– 30 MHz Low Pass Filtering (LPF) and Surge SuppressionLightening/EMP Arrestors, Transmit and Receive Antennas (procured by NAVSEA)

HFDAG SystemFunctional Architecture Overview

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Simplified Single-Channel Block Diagram

Digital Modular Radio (DMR)

• The DMR, AN/USC-61(C), is the first software defined radio to become a communications system standard for the U.S. Armed Forces. The compact, multi-channel DMR provides multiple waveforms and multi-level information security for voice and data communications from the core of the network to the tactical edge

• Four full-duplex HF transceivers per radio• Product Maturity: Full Rate Production (FRP)

HFDAG SystemDigital Modular Radio Overview

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Simplified Single-Channel Block Diagram

• Reprogrammable Waveform Capabilities

MIL-STD-188-110A HF ModemMIL-STD-188-110B HF Modem (External) MIL-STD-188-141B HF ALEHF/UHF Link-11UHF Link-4AVHF/UHF LOSAM Civil and Military Aviation (WB/NB)FM Voice and Data (WB/NB)SINCGARS SIP/ESIP (US ONLY)Have Quick I/II (US ONLY)FSK/BPSK/SBPSK/QPSK/CPMUHF SATCOM – MIL-STD-188-181B, 182A, and 183A

DMR Overview (cont’d)DMR Capabilities for HF, VHF/UHF LoS and UHF SATCOM

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• Reprogrammable Voice and Data Security Options

KY-57/58KGV-11KGV-10KG-84A/CKYV-5 (ANDVT)KY-99AKWR-46Others as required

• Frequency Band2 MHz to 2 GHz contiguous

• Fully qualified to shipboard environment

• The PPS provides configurable attenuation, gain, limiting and bandpassfunctions for each HF channel in the HFDAG system

Protects Downstream equipment from high power interferersProvides filtering to achieve optimal frequency separation and maximize simultaneous channel count operationsDoes not introduce any spurious emissions into the systemSupports Half-Duplex Transmit and Receive

• The PPS is the Line Replaceable Unit (LRU) Four LRUs (4 Half-Duplex Channels) are installed in a single rack-width

• System Calibration (SYSCAL) using output power detectorLink-11 requirement for power control of over/undershoot

HFDAG SystemPre/Post Selector (PPS)

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• Performs RF switching between the DMR and PAs

E.g., DMR 712 Channel 2 is connected to PA #1May assign 1, 2 or 4 PAs per DMR exciter

HFDAG SystemFlexible Power Management Unit (FPMU)

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Simplified Single-Channel Block Diagram

• PACU enables DMR HF waveform control of up to eight independent PAs

• The PACU stores health, status and calibration information for each PA

• The PACU is invisible to the DMR radio

• Interfaces with the PPS, FPMU and PA

HFDAG SystemPower Amplifier Control Unit (PACU)

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Simplified Single-Channel Block Diagram

• Thales UK PA8100 1 KW RF Linear Power Amplifier

Self-Contained, Solid-State, 11 U ChassisAutomatic Level Control (ALC)All LRU assemblies are field replaceable

HFDAG SystemPower Amplifier (PA)

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Simplified Single-Channel Block Diagram

• RAPP provides manual connections for up to 12 receivers

LPD Baseline configuration has six output ports per Antenna input portOther ships may use 12 ports per antenna by using 2:1 splitterEach 16 channel system has two RAPPs for up to 24 receive output ports

• Each RAPP unit provides spare ports, 2:1 splitter and cable connections for up to 4 receive antenna inputs

• Provides filtering and secondary surge suppression

HFDAG SystemReceive Antenna Patch Panel (RAPP)

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Simplified Single-Channel Block Diagram

Output power comparison between HFDAG and HFRG 16 channel systems

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CircuitsHFRG

Power (W)/CircuitHFDAGCircuits

HFDAGPower (W)/Circuit

16 50 12 1258 125 6 5004 500 4 2502 2000 3 2000

2 10001 4000

HFDAG System

Emerging DMR HF Technologies

High Frequency Distributed Amplifier Group

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• DMR current scanning function allows users to guard multiple channels/circuits

Each DMR channel can guard up to 10 channelsWhen a receive signal is detected the scanning stops and the audio is passed to the handset User picks up the handset and talks back on the channel last received or selects one of the other guarded channels/circuits

• HFVCE coming in DMR software version 6.5.1 allows four priority channels instead of just one currently

If no receive signal is detected, the user can click the push-to-talk up to four times to select one of the four priority channels. The DMR will announce which channel the user selectedAllows single handset/RF channel to virtually appear to the operator as up to four independent RF channelsSpeed dialing

High Frequency Virtual Channel Exploitation (HFVCE)

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• Allows one DMR channel (with one Red Phone) to effectively guard four HF frequencies

• Each DMR channel can listen to up to 10 channels.

Upon receipt the operator can talk to any of the incoming 10 stations via an operator configurable dwell.

• Crypto keys need to be the same on all channels.

HFVCE is a Four-FoldCapacity Increase

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High Frequency Dynamic Routing (HFDR)

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• HFDR coming in DMR software version 6.5.1 assigns an HF frequency to up to eight audio ports

This effectively doubles the HF voice capability of a DMR channel from four audio portsDifferent crypto keys can be assigned to each audio portThe DMR does all the routing automaticallyNo action is required by the Red Phone userOnly four audio ports per channel have guaranteed service and are priority based. Preemption is automatic for non-priority users. Tones or audio is heard at the handset for those non-priority users being kicked

• Automatically selects an available RF transmission path based upon pooled resource availability

Detects failures and selects alternate pathDistributes operational hours among assets, improving MTBFEach circuit can be assigned a priority level

High Frequency Dynamic Routing (HFDR)

RxF1F2

A B C D

F1A

F3F4

F5F6

F7F8

B C D

F3F4

F5F6

F7F8

F2F5F6

F4F7F8

F3

F1A

F2A

C D

F7F8

F6

D

F5F4

F1A

F2A

F3B

F1A

F2A

F3BF4B

Rx

Rx

Rx

Rx

Receiver Scanning

Half-Duplex Dedicated Rx/Tx

Channels

Full Scanning1-Channel Dedicated

2-Channels Dedicated

3-Channels Dedicated

4-Channels Dedicated

Dynamic Assignments

RF-ARF-BRF-CRF-D

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HFVCE and HFDR

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• On a 16-channel HFDAG systemA mix of HF uses can be deployed on a single DMR; e.g. Ch 1 and 3 is DR, Ch 2 is Link-11 and Ch 4 is VCE

HFDR provides 32 HF frequencies

HFVCE provides 16 HF frequencies

Combined, they provide 40 frequencies– 16 HFVCE on four DMR channels– 24 HFDR on twelve DMR channels

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BACKUP

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• The PPS is the Line Replaceable UnitFour LRUs (four half-duplex channels) are installed in a single rack-widthThe overall receive gain of each PPS channel is 22 dBThe overall transmit gain of each PPS channel is 23 dB

• An example of the PPS gain line-up is illustrated in the DMR HF PPS Functional Block Diagram

Pre/Post SelectorBlock Diagram

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• PACU enclosure contains eight independent PA driver modules (PADM), two 5-port 100MB IEEE 802.11 Ethernet hubs, external-device power supplies, and a control panel

• Control panel RF Inhibit switches enable operator interruption of the PA output signal

• Control panel LCD display enables driver module control and status to the two FPMUs, eight PPSs and eight PAs

• Provides redundant 24 VDC to the two FPMUs and 12 VDC to the PPSs

• All PADM modules are hot swappable.

Power Amplifier Control UnitInterfaces

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HFDAG SystemReceive Antenna Patch Panel (RAPP)

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HFDAG System Overview16-Channel Configuration

CVN, LHA, LPD Classes

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HFDAG System Boundary

16-Channel HFDAG SystemTransmit Configuration (LHA)

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30 MH

z LPF

30 MH

z LPF

30 MH

z LPF

Lightning/EMP Protector

Lightning/EMP Protector

Lightning/EMP Protector

HFDAG System Boundary

16-Channel HFDAG SystemReceive Configuration (LPD)

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Primary Lightning/EMP Protector

Primary Lightning/EMP Protector

Primary Lightning/EMP Protector

Primary Lightning/EMP Protector

HFDAG System Overview8-Channel Configuration

DDG-51 Class

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HFDAG System Boundary

8-Channel HFDAG SystemTransmit Configuration (DDG)

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8-Channel HFDAG SystemReceive Configuration (DDG)

HFDAG System Boundary

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HFDAG System OverviewInterfaces

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System Physical RF Interfaces

System Physical Control Interfaces