Post on 10-Oct-2020
Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai
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Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges
L. Shafai
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba CANADA, R3T 5V6
Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai
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Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
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Building Runway for CBC
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Warming of the North?
Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai
Outline of Presentation:
- Communication Systems and Types (Northern challenges )
- Effect on Personal Connectivity (Quality of life )
- Business Opportunity
(Wealth and prosperity)
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Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai
Communication Types and Systems Global Scale
1 – Satellite Systems, Global Base
(Low cost – wideband, if bandwidth available) 2 – Wireless systems, Community Base
(Low Cost – wideband if connected globally) 3 – Cable System Community Base
(Medium Cost – Wideband, if connected globally) 4 – Optical fiber systems, Network Base
(High Cost – Ultra Wideband, if connected Globally)
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Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai
Satellite Communication and Satellite Systems
Geostationary Satellites (Aniks)
Low Earth Orbit satellites
(Iridium)
Polar satellites (Molniya)
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Geostationary satellite
Over equator at 40,000 km from Canadian north
Large signal delay
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Polar satellites Global network Short distance Small signal delay
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Molniya Satellites ideal for Canadian North for Communications and
surveillance
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RADARSAT Constellation a
significant Resource for
observation, and an indirect
communication
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Satellite Advantage Anytime, Anyplace, reasonable cost
Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
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Satellite Communication and Satellite Systems
Geostationary Satellites ( 3 Anik Satellites, Telesat Canada)
Low Earth Orbit satellites (Iridium)
Polar satellites
(Molniya)
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Canadian North from Anik F1 Satellite With diminishing signal at North, requires increasingly larger antennas
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Anik F2 C-Band Beam With broader beam over North for better coverage
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Thank You
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Telesat at Iqaluit, Nunaut
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Community Service provider
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SSI Micro's QINIQ network coverage Area. Since 2005 provides All 25 Nunavut Communities with broadband Internet services, using Community Service Providers, CSPs.
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SSI Micro's AirWare network coverage Area. Since 2006 provides 30 Communities in the Northwest Territories with broadband Internet services, using community service providers, CSPs.
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Northwestel Operating Map
All three Territories
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Northern Communication Challenges
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Molniya Satellites for Improved Satellite coverage for
Communications, Surveillance, Weather and Navigation
CSA PCW
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Optical Fiber Networks
Ultra Wideband
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Optical Fiber network In Yukon
And future Expansions
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Mackenzie Valley Fiber Optic Project $82 Million-1,154 km Jan 2015
Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
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Nunavut Link Currently Satellite Future Fiber Plane Cost 24 Communities = $1.1 Billion
3 Com. (Iqaluit, Cambridge bay, Rankin inlet) = $342
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Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
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Energy Issues
1 – High Fuel cost
Alternatives to fuel
2 – Solar Energy 3 – Wind Energy 4 – Geothermal
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Solar map of Canada
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Wind speed Across Canada, Aboriginal affairs & Northern Development Canada
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Canada Area 9,984,670 km2 Population 35,675,834 GDP C$1,800 Billion Nunavut Area 2,038,722 km2 Population 34,028 GDP C$2 Billion NWT Area 1,346,106 km2 Population 43,407 GDP $C4.8 Billion Yukon Area 482,443 km2 Population 36,304 GDP C$2.7 Billion
Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015
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Canadian Arctic Area: 3,716,468 km2
Population = 100,000 75 Isolated Communities
India
Area: 3,287,590 km2 = 0.88 area of Arctic population : 1,270,000,000 = 12,700 pop of Arctic 645,000 Dense communities
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Canadian Arctic VS India A – comparison
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Canadian Arctic Area 3,716,468 km2
Population 100,000 GDP $10 Billion Managed by Ottawa
USA
Area 9,857,306 km2 = 2.65 area of Arctic population 320,206,000 = 3,200 pop of Arctic GDP $17 Trillion Managed by States
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Canadian Arctic VS USA A – comparison
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Life in North
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Territorial Economy – VS – Provincial Economy Wealth management by Ottawa VS Provinces
Difficulties with Modern Technologies
Dog Sled – Snow mobile Communication Technology to the rescue
Tele-medicine – Tele-education – done Virtual Businesses Ideal for the North if Connected globally Using Amazon Ebay Examples (Nygard, Spectrawork, Vidacom)
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Northern Communication Challenges
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Problems and limitations (solutions)
Cost (MTS 5Mbps @ $45.5 – SSI Micro 0.7Mbps @ $400) Bandwidth (Fibers – Access to Right Satellite) Reliability (Power outage, Connection Failure) Skilled user (Need for Education) Skilled personnel (Small Population Base) Technology Advancement (Hardware Change – Cost)
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Thank You
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