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copy pictures • You need to add

questions and complete the summary for your notes for full credit

• BOLD words are usually vocabulary words to pay attention to.

Your notes are set up as fill-in the blank notes. This gives you more time listen and less writing. So to complete the notes you need to write down the underlined words.

Quick Write 8-16-10

• When starting a new colony, lets say oh the United States, what do you think as a group should be your first priority once your group arrives? Why?

Colonial America

A look at the Thirteen Colonies

So what is a So what is a Colony?Colony?

• A colony is a piece of land which is ruled by A colony is a piece of land which is ruled by another another countrycountry.  . 

• Most of the time colonies are a long way away Most of the time colonies are a long way away from the country that rules them.from the country that rules them.

So how do we get a So how do we get a Colony?Colony?

The 13 Colonies in 1750The 13 Colonies in 1750

England’s American Colonies• There were 3 types of

Colonies!• Corporate Colonies- Colonies

run by joint-stock companies.

• Royal Colonies- Colonies under the direct authority of the king

• Proprietary Colonies- Colonies run by individuals with authority from the king.

Reasons for Leaving England• Population increase and depressed

economy left many citizens unemployed and without property.

• Many English citizens were seeking religious freedom

• The New World was believed to be a place where one could practice their faith and achieve economic success.

Jamestown1607 “The First

Colony”• The Virginia Company was granted a

charter by King James I• Primary Objective- Trade • Problems- poor leadership, too many

colonists were following their own agendas, The Jamestown settlement was located in a swampy area

• Cash Crop- Tobacco, labor intensive. Many laborers were needed.

Plymouth 1620

• Founded by the Separatists, Puritans • Seeking Religious freedom• Strong leadership- Miles Standish and

William Bradford• Mayflower Compact• Fish, Timber and furs drove the

economy, early on they stressed living in community

England’s American Colonies• There were 3 groups of

Colonies too!• New England

Colonies

• Middle Colonies

• Southern Colonies

New England Colonies

• Connecticut• Massachusetts• New Hampshire• Rhode Island

Middle Colonies

• Delaware• New Jersey• New York• Pennsylvania

Southern Colonies

• Georgia• Maryland• North Carolina • South Carolina• Virginia

Atlantic Slave Trade

Capture• The original capture

of slaves was almost always violent

• As European demand grew, African chieftains organized raiding parties to seize individuals from neighboring societies

• Others launched wars specifically for the purpose of capturing slaves

Iron, Metal goods

Slaves and Gold

Sugar and Molasses

Middle Passage

• Following capture, slaves were force- marched to holding pens before being loaded on ships

• The trans-Atlantic journey was called the “Middle Passage”

• The ships were filthy, hot, and crowded

Middle Passage• Crews attempted to keep as many

slaves alive as possible to maximize profits, but treatment was extremely cruel– Some slaves refused to eat and crew members

used tools to pry open their mouths and force-feed them

– Sick slaves were cast overboard to prevent infection from spreading

Middle Passage• During the early days of the slave

trade, mortality rates were as high as 50%

• As the volume of trade increased and conditions improved (bigger ships, more water, better nourishment and facilities), mortality eventually declined to about 5%

Middle Passage

• Most ships provided slaves with enough room to sit upright, but not enough to stand

• Others forced slaves to lie in chains with barely 20 inches space between them

The Southern Economy

• Large Plantations • Agriculture• Raw materials• Cash Crops- crops grown mainly to be

sold for a profit• Tobacco, rice, and indigo

The Southern Economy

• Plantations required a good amount of work

• By the 1700’s enslaved Africans were the main work force

• Slave Codes- laws to control the slaves

The New England Colonies

• Had harsh environment, rocky soil• Crops were hard to grow• No big plantations, no need for many

slaves• Used own labor

The New England Colonies

• Fishing• Timber• Shipbuilding• Ship ports became the center of the

economy• Trade of goods

The Middle Colonies

• Is a mix of commerce and agriculture• Good land for farming• Long growing season• Grew staple crops- crops that are

always in demand• Wheat, barley, and oats• Also raise live stock

The Middles Colonies

• Made use of Slavery• Indentured Servants- people

contracted to work for set amount of time, then free

• Good shipping ports • New York and Boston