Post on 31-Mar-2015
Coastal Zone Management of BangladeshProfessor M Alimullah Miyan
JCOMM-4Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for
Oceanography and Marine Meteorology
May 23 – 31, 2012 Yeosu, Republic of Korea
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Professor M Alimullah Miyan Chairperson
South Asian Disaster Management Centre (SADMC) International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka
Bangladesh Website: www.iubat.edu
Coastal Zone Management of Bangladesh
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Bay of Bengal and Coast of Bangladesh
Coastal Zone of Bangladesh
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Ganges, Brahmaputra, Meghna Esuaries & Coastal Zone of Bangladesh
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Cox’s Bazar, Longest Sea Beach
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Sundarbans Largest Mangrove Forests
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Man-eating Royal Bengal Tiger, Crocodile & Spotted Deer of Sundarbans
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Natural beauty of Sundarbans and Sundarbans after Sidr 2007
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Tropical Cyclones Affected Coastal Zones
Cyclones Affected Regions
Wind Speedkm/hr
Deaths DamagesUS $ in million
BholaCyclone-1970
Bangladesh, India
205 500,000 86.4
Cylone-1991 Bangladesh 260 138,000 1,500
Sidr-2007 Bangladesh, India
260 4,036 1,700
Nargis-2008 Myanmar, Bangladesh
215 138,366(126 in
Bangladesh)
10,000
Aila-2009 Bangladesh, India
120 325(26 in
Bangladesh)
552.6
Damages of lives, structures & Mangroves during Bangladesh cyclone 1991, Bhola Cyclone 1970 &
Cyclone Sidr 2007
Damage of Crops & Structures in SidrFleeing people during Aila-2009
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Effect of Sidr Nov 25, 2007
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Changes of Coastline in the Meghna Estuary between 1990 & 2001
Discharge of Effluents to Rivers
Discharge of Industrial Effluents to Rivers
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Hazards of Ship-breaking Industries
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Chemical Effluents from Shrimp Hatchery
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Chemical Effluent from Shrimp Hatchery
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Hill-cutting and Shrimp hatcheries eroding the beach
Fires in High-rise Building, Factory & Slums
Encroachment of Rivers and Wet-Bodies
Tidal Surge, Flood & Erosion
Air Pollution & Brick Kilns
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Asian Brown Cloud scattered over the Bay of Bengal
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Changes of salinity affected zone during 1973 to 1997
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Hilsa migrates from north Bay due to unfavorable environment: Huge catch
near Teknaf
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Hilsa crisis in the Bay in ongoing peak season, idle fishing trawlers
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Manmade Freshwater Reservoir in Coastal Zone
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Cyclone Shelter cum Schools in Coastal Zone
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Conclusion and Recommendations
• Coastal zone has great importance to protect the shoreline of the Bay
• Northern part is resourceful & biodiversity rich,very fragile & prone to pollution
• Industries, agriculture & ports are major sources• Ship breaking, shrimp culture are great threat• Destruction of mangroves increasing vulnerability
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Conclusion and Recommendations
• CHT plays important role in coastline management• Dams destroying the hill forests & water-flows• Indiscriminate use of Chemicals and upstream in
agriculture destroying perennial streams Causing marine & terrestrial biodiversity loss • Hill cutting, shrimp hatchery and unplanned
structures damaging Cox’s Bazar sea beach
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Conclusion and Recommendations
• Pollution from ship-breaking, ports & shrimp culture should be stopped
• Deforestation, hill-cutting, over-fishing unplanned construction must be controlled
• Defense systems against cyclones, tidal surges, erosion should be built up
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Thank You